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Making a Confident Diagnosis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
This article reviews the symptom-based criteria for IBS and utility of diagnostic tests commonly included in the evaluation of IBS symptoms. (Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America)
Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America - June 25, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ryan S. Goldstein, Brooks D. Cash Source Type: research

Diet Interventions for Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) frequently perceive eating food as a trigger to their gastrointestinal (GI) distress. Several factors involved in driving GI symptoms include malabsorption and fermentation of food substrates, gut microbiota alterations, nocebo and placebo response, and mast cell activation. Nutritional interventions require individualization based on the heterogeneity of symptoms as well as the risk for maladaptive eating patterns that present in those with IBS. Despite the variety of interventions marketed to individuals with IBS, the low Fermentable, Oligo-, Di-Mono-saccharide, and Polyol die...
Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America - June 25, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Emily Haller, Kate Scarlata Source Type: research

Behavioral Strategies for Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) that is associated with significant physical, emotional, and occupational burden. Factors such as early life stress, sleep disruption, maladaptive coping strategies, symptom hypervigilance, and visceral hypersensitivity negatively affect gut-brain communication and increase the likelihood of developing IBS or worsen IBS severity. Behavioral strategies, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, gut-directed hypnosis, and mindfulness-based treatments, have shown benefit in improving gastrointestinal (GI)-specific quality of life, as well as reducing GI ...
Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America - June 25, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Christina H. Jagielski, Megan E. Riehl Source Type: research

The Dilemma of Persistent Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptoms in Patients with Quiescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease differ in their natural evolution, etiopathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic approach. However, recent evidence has suggested some similarities in mechanisms underlying symptom development and progression. There is a relevant role for alterations in the microbiome –brain–gut axis in both diseases. The presence of irritable bowel syndrome symptoms in patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease is common in clinical practice. To determine the cause of irritable bowel syndrome symptoms in patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease is a cli...
Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America - June 25, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Edith P érez de Arce, Rodrigo Quera, Eamonn M.M. Quigley Source Type: research

Helicobacter pylori Infection
This article provides a summary of the microbiology and pathogenesis of this bacterium, emphasizing the complex and protean effects of H pylori on gastric epithelial cells, including stem and progenitor populations, and evasion of host immune defenses. Increasing antibiotic resistance has made management more challenging. This article discusses the appropriate diagnostic modality for different clinical scenarios, and the evolving treatment of H pylori infections, including the use of antibiotic susceptibility testing to aid regimen selection. (Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America)
Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America - May 21, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jaehoon Cho, Akriti Prashar, Nicola L. Jones, Steven F. Moss Source Type: research

Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Tuberculosis
Gastrointestinal (GI) tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant problem worldwide, and may involve the luminal GI tract from oral cavity to perianal area in addition to associated viscera and peritoneum. Although GI TB more commonly affects immunocompromised hosts, it can also occur in immunocompetent people. Diagnosis is difficult because it usually mimics a malignancy or inflammatory bowel disease. A high index of clinical suspicion and appropriate use of combined investigative methods help in early diagnosis, and reduce morbidity and mortality. Anti-TB therapy is the same as for pulmonary disease, and invasive and special...
Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America - May 21, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Haluk Eraksoy Source Type: research

A Review of Clostridioides difficile Infection and Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea
Antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) occur frequently among adults. The pathophysiology of CDI is related to disruption of normal gut flora and risk factors include hospitalization, use of antibiotic therapy, and older age. Clinical manifestations can range from mild disease to toxic megacolon. Diagnosis is challenging and is based on a combination of clinical symptoms and diagnostic tests. Therapy includes cessation of antibiotics, or use of other agents depending on the severity of illness. Many novel agents for the treatment and prevention of CDI show promise and are under investig...
Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America - May 21, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Cyb éle Lara R. Abad, Nasia Safdar Source Type: research

Parasitic Infections of the Gastrointestinal Track and Liver
This article reviews common parasites encountered in clinical practice and, in the setting of host-parasite symbiosis, discusses their immune regulatory role. (Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America)
Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America - May 21, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Annie L. Braseth, David E. Elliott, M. Nedim Ince Source Type: research

Facing an Infection as a Health Care Provider
In fact mortality among the doctors was the highest of all, since they came more frequently in contact with the sick. —History of the Peloponnesian War by Thucydides (c. 460–400 bc)The old-time pandemic described in the History of the Peloponnesian War was believed to have started in Africa and reached the Eastern Mediterranean and Europe through Egypt and Libya. It was so devastating that it made the Greek his torian Thucydides stop writing about the war and start giving details about the plague. (Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America)
Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America - May 21, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: M. Nedim Ince, David E. Elliott Tags: Preface Source Type: research

Gastrointestinal Infections: Forward (or Backward)
Running down the gutter with a piece of bread and butterDiarrhea, diarrheaRunning down the gutter with a piece of bread and butterDiarrhea, diarrheaSome people think it's funny but it's really wet and runnyDiarrhea, diarrheaSorry we're late, Bob had diarrhea!Ew! What? I love you, mom —The Diarrhea Song by John Roberts and John Dylan Keith (Fox Music)Infections may have saved humanity from extinction at the feet of alien beings in War of the Worlds, but despite our modern technology, anti-infective agents and infection-control practices, infections continue to wreak havoc on th e human body, most notably the gastrointesti...
Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America - May 21, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Alan L. Buchman Tags: Foreword Source Type: research

Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROENTEROLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America)
Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America - May 21, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: M. Nedim Ince, David E. Elliott Source Type: research

Copyright
Elsevier (Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America)
Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America - May 21, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Contributors
ALAN L. BUCHMAN, MD, MSPH, FACP, FACN, FACG, AGAF (Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America)
Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America - May 21, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Contents
Alan L. Buchman (Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America)
Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America - May 21, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

Forthcoming Issues
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America)
Source: Gastroenterology Clinics of North America - May 21, 2021 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research