The impact of adopting stress ‐tolerant maize on maize yield, maize income, and food security in Tanzania
The article would be of great interest to the readers of the journal because it emphasizes on issues of scalability of climate smart adaptation strategies. It builds on previous literature that looks at the heterogeneity in the impact of adopting improved technologies but extends and applies it to stress-tolerant maize in Tanzania. We can confirm that the material contained in the manuscript has not been published and is not being considered for publication elsewhere and does not infringe upon other copyright materials. AbstractProductivity growth emanating from scientific advances offered by biotechnology and other plant ...
Source: Food and Energy Security - July 9, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Girma Gezimu Gebre,
Harriet Mawia,
Dan Makumbi,
Dil Bahadur Rahut Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Diversified crop rotations enhance groundwater and economic sustainability of food production
This study assessed the potential impact of crop diversification on water use and food production. Introducing fallowing period and certain cash crop into intensive double cropping system saves groundwater and increase the economic output. Cropping configurations could achieve co-benefits across multiple dimensions. AbstractEarth's water resources are critical for supporting livelihoods and food security but are being increasingly overexploited to support global agriculture. Diversifying cropping systems could potentially resolve unsustainable water use but trade-offs with other aspects of sustainability and food security ...
Source: Food and Energy Security - July 9, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Xiaolin Yang,
Tammo S. Steenhuis,
Kyle Frankel Davis,
Wopke Werf,
Coen J. Ritsema,
Steven Pacenka,
Fusuo Zhang,
Kadambot H. M. Siddique,
Taisheng Du Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Physiological and proteomic analyses reveal cAMP ‐regulated key factors in maize root tolerance to heat stress
This study was designed to investigate cAMP roles in thermotolerance of maize root. Adenylyl cyclase (AC) cataly zes ATP to generate cAMP. For two identified maize AC genes,ZmRPP13-LK3 andZmPSiP, the predictive ABA response element was found in their promoter fragments. Both ABA and heat stress treatment increased the promoter activity ofZmRPP13-LK3 andZmPSiP. In the roots of maize ABA-deficient mutantvp5, the heat-caused increase of these two gene expression and cAMP content was obviously less than that in the roots of its wild-typeVp5. cAMP pretreatment decreased H2O2 and malondialdehyde content, but increased the activi...
Source: Food and Energy Security - July 4, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Yulong Zhao,
Yanpei Liu,
Xiaoming Ji,
Jinfeng Sun,
Shanshan Lv,
Hao Yang,
Xia Zhao,
Xiuli Hu Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Model ‐based evaluation of climate change impacts on rice grain quality in the main European rice district
We present here a modeling study to evaluate the future trends of rice quality in the main European rice district, placed in Northern Italy. A rice growth model was coupled with a library of models of rice milling and cooking suitability, using current farmer management and baseline/future climatic scenarios as input for the simulations. Four general circulation models (NOResm, MIROC-ESM, HadGEM2-ES, and GISS-ES) and two CO2 representative concentration pathways (2.6, 8.5) were used to generate 20-year future climatic data centered on 2030 and 2070. Spatially distributed simulations were run at 2 × 2 km spatial resolu...
Source: Food and Energy Security - June 29, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Giovanni Alessandro Cappelli,
Simone Bregaglio Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Microorganisms that are critical for the fermentation quality of paper mulberry silage
Bacterial community was analyzed by combination of NGS and SMRT sequencing. Wilting enriched the abundance ofLactobacillus rhamnosus.Lactobacillus rhamnosus was the critical species showing the most positively correlation with wilted silage quality, and have the potential to be developed as new silage inoculant. AbstractSilage quality remains an important issue in farming, as do limitations in the range of products suitable for animal fodder. We therefore explored the microorganisms that are critical for the fermentation quality of paper mulberry silage. Low (unwilted) and high (wilted) dry matter (DM) paper mulberry were ...
Source: Food and Energy Security - June 16, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Linna Guo,
Xuekai Wang,
Yanli Lin,
Xueping Yang,
Kuikui Ni,
Fuyu Yang Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
The role of polyamines in regulating amino acid biosynthesis in rice grains
This study was to clarify whether and how PAs regulate amino acid composition and content in milled rice. We grew three categories of rice cultivars differing in protein contents in the field and investigated the relationship of free-PAs concentrations in filling grains with the activities of key enzymes involved in amino acid biosynthesis and with the amino acid contents of milled rice. Cultivars with higher concentrations of free-Spermidine (Spd) and free-Spermine (Spm) exhibited higher amino acid contents than the others. The concentrations of free-Spd and free-Spm were significantly and positively correlated with the c...
Source: Food and Energy Security - June 10, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Yunji Xu,
Chaoqun Jian,
Ke Li,
Yinfang Tian,
Kuanyu Zhu,
Weiyang Zhang,
Weilu Wang,
Zhiqin Wang,
Jianchang Yang Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
The combination of different nitrogen fertilizer types could promote rice growth by alleviating the inhibition of straw decomposition
Ammonium bicarbonate combined with compound fertilizer in base fertilizer were used to investigate their effect on straw degradation and rice growth. AbstractStraw return plays an important role in the improvement of farmland ecological environments, increasing soil fertility, crop quality, and yield. However, in the early growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.), straw decomposition and rice growth may be inhibited by suboptimal carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratios. We, therefore, explored methods that could alleviate the inhibition of straw decomposition using different combinations of ammonium bicarbonate and compound fertilizer. No fe...
Source: Food and Energy Security - June 5, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Jichao Tang,
Ruoyu Zhang,
Hechao Li,
Jiali Tan,
Wenjie Song,
Xin Wen,
Bilin Lu,
Zhengrong Hu Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Inter ‐annual climate variability constrains rice genetic improvement in China
Twenty-two of the seventy-eight GSR candidate cultivars achieved high grain yield and high NUE with reduced N fertilizer application. There was significant inter-annual variation in grain yield, which was significantly correlated withTmin. Grain yield positively correlated with NUEg (R2 = 0.46) and negatively correlated with protein content (R2 = 0.32), whereas NUEg negatively correlated with protein content (R2 = 0.49).Tmin negatively correlated with grain filling percentage (R2 = 0.95). AbstractYield potential has been significantly increased through hybrid rice breeding in the past, however, the genetic gain in ...
Source: Food and Energy Security - June 2, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Xiaoxiao Li,
Liying Huang,
Shaobing Peng,
Fei Wang Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Spatial distribution and driving factors determining local food and feed self ‐sufficiency in the eastern regions of China
This study quantifies self-sufficiency in the eastern regions of China and examines correlations with agronomic (arable area, yield, fertilizer input, and machinery power) and socioeconomic (population density, gross domestic product [GDP]) variables at the local level, which are related to the interactions of the Sustainable Development Goals. We calculated food and feed balances, and checked correlations across and within regions grouped by population density levels between production, balance indices, and other agronomic and socioeconomic variables. The results showed that most regions can achieve self-sufficiency in ce...
Source: Food and Energy Security - May 26, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Yang Li,
Zhigang Sun,
Francesco Accatino Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Nitrogen/potassium interactions increase rice yield by improving canopy performance
Rice yield, N uptake, and NUE increased by combined application of N and K. The application N and K improved the canopy light and N distributions. Optimization of the canopy performance improved rice productivity and NUE. AbstractThe interactions between nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) are important determinants of rice yield, but the mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. For example, N/K interactions may influence light utilization and N distribution in the canopy. Field experiments were therefore performed to resolve this issue, using factorial combination of N and K. The interaction between N and K had a signific...
Source: Food and Energy Security - May 26, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Tinghong Ye,
Jianglin Zhang,
Jing Li,
Jianwei Lu,
Tao Ren,
Rihuan Cong,
Zhifeng Lu,
Xiaokun Li Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
UV radiation increases mortality and decreases the antioxidant activity in a tephritid fly
The result suggests that the loss of antioxidant activity persistently reduces B. dorsalis performance under UV radiation. UV radiation is, therefore, a promising non-chemical measure for insect integrated pest management. AbstractUltraviolet (UV) radiation has been widely used to monitor insects and conduct surface sterilizations at 365 nm and 254 nm wavelengths, respectively. The global increase in the use of UV light has raised concerns about environmental impacts and effects on non-target organisms. We, therefore, examined the effects of three UV radiation wavelengths (365 nm, 308 nm and 254 nm) on the survival a...
Source: Food and Energy Security - May 25, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Hongying Cui,
Yiying Zeng,
Gadi V.P. Reddy,
Feng Gao,
Zhihong Li,
Zihua Zhao Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Tolerance to low phosphorus was enhanced by an alternate wetting and drying regime in rice
In this study, we characterized the responses of two rice varieties, ZD88 that has a weak tolerance to low soil P and YJ2 that has a strong tolerance to low soil P to two irrigation regimes under both optimal P (NP, 46.9 mg/kg Olsen-P) and low P (LP, 6.8 mg/kg Olsen-P). The first irrigation regime involved continuous flooding (CF), while the second involved alternate wetting and moderate soil drying (AWD). The study was conducted in plants grown in pot over two years. YJ2 exhibited stronger tolerance to LP than Z D88 under both irrigation regimes. Compared to CF, plants grown with AWD produced higher grain yields and ha...
Source: Food and Energy Security - May 18, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Yaping Deng,
Shengfeng Qiao,
Weilu Wang,
Weiyang Zhang,
Junfei Gu,
Lijun Liu,
Hao Zhang,
Zhiqin Wang,
Jianchang Yang Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: Food and Energy Security)
Source: Food and Energy Security - May 12, 2021 Category: Food Science Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Gene ‐based mapping of trehalose biosynthetic pathway genes reveals association with source‐ and sink‐related yield traits in a spring wheat panel
The T6P signalling pathway is a central regulatory system of resource allocation and source-sink interactions and is emerging as an important target in crops such as maize, rice, wheat and sorghum (Paul et al., 2018; Paul et al., 2020). Here, for the first time, we analysed comprehensive exome SNP information for TPS and TPP genes and dissected the genetic architecture of yield-related traits in a spring wheat panel specially designed to represent the genetic diversity of 75,000 CIMMYT lines (Molero et al., 2019). The data showed significant relationships of TPS and TPP genes with agronomic traits with evidence of historic...
Source: Food and Energy Security - May 7, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Danilo H. Lyra,
Cara A. Griffiths,
Amy Watson,
Ryan Joynson,
Gemma Molero,
Alina ‐Andrada Igna,
Keywan Hassani‐Pak,
Matthew P. Reynolds,
Anthony Hall,
Matthew J. Paul Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Overexpression of PIF4 affects plant morphology and accelerates reproductive phase transitions in soybean
This study shows that the expression of soybean gene (GmPIF4b) regulates phenotypes related to plant architecture and reproductive phase transitions in soybean, early onset of flowering with the accelerated transition from early pod formation stage to full maturity stage without yield penalty. AbstractPhytochrome-interacting factor 4 acts as a signalling hub for integrating multiple environmental cues like light and temperature. While the function ofPIF4 in the model plantArabidopsis has been studied, there is limited knowledge regarding the role ofPIF4 in agronomically important legume crop soybean. Here, we employed a co...
Source: Food and Energy Security - May 7, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Hina Arya,
Mohan B. Singh,
Prem L. Bhalla Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
