Allelic variants of a potato HEAT SHOCK COGNATE 70 gene confer improved tuber yield under a wide range of environmental conditions
In this study, we aimed to confirm the results from the glasshouse screen in field trials conducted over several seasons and locations including those in Kenya, Malawi and the UK. We extend our understanding of theHSc70 gene and demonstrate that expression level ofHSc70 correlates with tolerance to heat stress in a wide range of wild potato relatives. The physiological basis of the protective effect of HSc70 was explored and we show that genotypes carrying the highly expressedHSc70 A2 allele are protected against photooxidative damage to PSII induced by abiotic stresses. Overall, we show the potential ofHSc70 alleles for ...
Source: Food and Energy Security - March 15, 2022 Category: Food Science Authors: Raymond Campbell,
Laurence Ducreux,
Graham Cowan,
Vanessa Young,
Gift Chinoko,
Gloria Chitedze,
Stanley Kwendani,
Margaret Chiipanthenga,
Craita E. Bita,
Obed Mwenye,
Hassan Were,
Lesley Torrance,
Sanjeev Kumar Sharma,
Robert D. Hancock,
Gle Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Prolonged heat and drought versus cool climate on the Swedish spring wheat breeding lines: Impact on the gluten protein quality and grain microstructure
In this study, we investigated the effect of heat and drought, compared to a cool climate, on gluten proteins in 294 spring wheat genotypes grown in 2017 and 2018 in Sweden. Gluten protein parameters were studied by size exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) and grain morphology by X-ray tomography. The prolonged heat and drought led to: (i) increased gluten polymerization and the formation of large polymers, as defined by the percentage of unextractable polymers in total polymers (%UPP) and the percentage of large unextractable polymers in total large polymers (%LUPP); and (ii) increase in large mon...
Source: Food and Energy Security - March 15, 2022 Category: Food Science Authors: Sbatie Lama,
Pernilla Vallenback,
Stephen A. Hall,
Marina Kuzmenkova,
Ramune Kuktaite Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Chemical constituents and bioactivities of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) and their effects on beer ‐related microorganisms
The female inflorescence of hops is recognised in the brewing industry as a bittering agent and is traditionally used in the brewing industry to impart bitterness, aroma, flavour and longer shelf life to beer, where the bittering acid is the main compound that en-hances the quality of the beer. The biological activities of hops extracts such as antibacterial, antifungal, cardioprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer are reviewed and the recent effects of hops and their derivatives on beer-related microbial activity are presented. AbstractThe female inflorescence of hops is traditionally used in the brewin...
Source: Food and Energy Security - February 25, 2022 Category: Food Science Authors: Shaokang Sun,
Xiaochen Wang,
Ai Yuan,
Jianlin Liu,
Zebin Li,
Dongxiao Xie,
Huimin Zhang,
Wenqing Luo,
Hengyuan Xu,
Jinshang Liu,
Cong Nie,
Haojun Zhang Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: Food and Energy Security)
Source: Food and Energy Security - February 17, 2022 Category: Food Science Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Genetic linkage map construction and identification of QTLs associated with agronomic traits in bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) using DArTseq ‐based SNP markers
This study evaluated the effect of drought stress on yield-related and morphological traits in the F3 and F4 segregating populations of bambara groundnut derived from a controlled cross between drought tolerant genotype (S19-3, collected from Namibia) and presumed drought susceptible genotype (DodR, collected from Tanzania). The present genetic linkage map covered 1,040.92 cM (centimorgan) across 11 li nkage groups with an average interval distance of 5.23 cM among 234 DArTseq-based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in the F2 segregating population from S19-3 × DodR. Significant and putative quantitative t...
Source: Food and Energy Security - February 15, 2022 Category: Food Science Authors: Xiuqing Gao,
Hui Hui Chai,
Wai Kuan Ho,
Aloyce Callist Kundy,
Kumbirai Ivyne Mateva,
Sean Mayes,
Festo Massawe Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Variation in mycorrhizal growth response among a spring wheat mapping population shows potential to breed for symbiotic benefit
All cereal crops engage in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses which can have profound, but sometimes deleterious, effects on plant nutrient acquisition and growth. We conducted a mycorrhizal responsiveness phenotype screen in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), using 99 lines of an Avalon × Cadenza doubled-haploid mapping population. Plant growth response to inoculation was remarkably varied among lines, ranging from more than 30% decrease to 80% increase in shoot biomass, while plant responsiveness was not correlated with the degree of mycorrhizal colonisation. AbstractAll cereal crops engage in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiose...
Source: Food and Energy Security - February 14, 2022 Category: Food Science Authors: Tom J. Thirkell,
Mike Grimmer,
Lucy James,
Daria Pastok,
Th éa Allary,
Ashleigh Elliott,
Neil Paveley,
Tim Daniell,
Katie J. Field Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Evaluation of dried tomato pomace as a non ‐conventional feed: Its effect on growth, nutrients digestibility, digestive enzyme, blood chemistry and intestinal microbiota of growing quails
In conclusion, dietary inclusion of SDTP can enhance the growth and health status of growing quails via improving the nutrient digestibility, digestive enzymes, and blood chemistry and reducing the intestinal pathogens. (Source: Food and Energy Security)
Source: Food and Energy Security - February 11, 2022 Category: Food Science Authors: Mahmoud Alagawany,
Mohamed T. El ‐Saadony,
Talaat K. El‐Rayes,
Mahmoud Madkour,
Anna Rita Loschi,
Alessandro Di Cerbo,
Fayiz M. Reda Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Vicia sativa as a grazed forage for lactating ewes in a temperate grassland production system
Overall, this research provides new insights into how common vetch has the potential to provide a home-produced winter-grown protein feed for the sustainable development of ovine production systems in temperate grasslands. AbstractHere, we present research to overcome a current limitation of temperate grassland systems to provide home-grown, early season protein for lactating ewes —a period of high protein demand in these systems. Traditionally used as a forage crop, there is renewed interest in common vetch (Vicia sativa) due to its ability to grow during low temperatures over-winter compared to other legumes. We hypoth...
Source: Food and Energy Security - February 10, 2022 Category: Food Science Authors: Benjamin J. Thomas,
Rhun Fychan,
Heather M. McCalman,
Ruth Sanderson,
Howard Thomas,
Christina L. Marley Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Optimized canopy structure improves maize grain yield and resource use efficiency
Canopy structure is vital for dense planting maize. Optimizing canopy structure by changing plant type can significantly improve light distribution and increase light interception in the canopy, grain yield, and resource use efficiency under high plant density. AbstractImproved canopy structure was instrumental in setting maize yield records, and yet it has rarely been examined in China. At Qitai Farm in Xinjiang, we conducted a 4-year field experiment using China's six highest-yielding maize hybrids sorted into three yield level groups that were grown at similar growth durations and at optimum densities. The average yield...
Source: Food and Energy Security - February 10, 2022 Category: Food Science Authors: Guangzhou Liu,
Yunshan Yang,
Wanmao Liu,
Xiaoxia Guo,
Ruizhi Xie,
Bo Ming,
Jun Xue,
Guoqiang Zhang,
Rongfa Li,
Keru Wang,
Peng Hou,
Shaokun Li Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Potential Co ‐benefits and trade‐offs between improved soil management, climate change mitigation and agri‐food productivity
This paper focuses on the link between soil health, soil organic carbon and agricultural productivity. Specific focus will be given to the research challenges to improve soil health, the implementation priorities to improve soil management by 2050 and the potential co-benefits. AbstractMaximising resource-use efficiency, productivity and environmental sustainability are all fundamental requirements to raise global food production by ~70 per cent in order to feed a world population of ~9.7 billion people by 2050. Perhaps the most vital resource within our capacity to achieve this goal is ou r soil. Broadly, the fundamenta...
Source: Food and Energy Security - February 8, 2022 Category: Food Science Authors: Ryan McGuire,
Paul N. Williams,
Pete Smith,
Steve P. McGrath,
Donald Curry,
Iain Donnison,
Bridget Emmet,
Nigel Scollan Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Chemometric evaluation of different parameters for removal of tembotrione (agricultural herbicide) from water by adsorption and photocatalytic degradation using sustainable nanotechnology
Fractional multivariate design of experiments with seven factors was used to chemometrically evaluate adsorption of tembotrione on the surface of catalyst, efficiency of photocatalytic degradation of tembotrione, and removal efficiency. The optimal removal yield of tembotrione was achieved 99.5% at TiO2 loading of 1.25 mg/ml, KBrO3 concentration of 4.33 mM, β-cyclodextrin with Au in the ratio 2:1, 3 ml/min O2 purging, and stirring before and during irradiation. The effect of tert-butanol, NaF, EDTA × 2Na, and p-benzoquinone on the tembotrione removal under optimal experimental conditions s uggested that the relati...
Source: Food and Energy Security - February 3, 2022 Category: Food Science Authors: Marina Lazarevi ć,
Predrag Putnik,
Daniela Šojić Merkulov Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Turning biennial into biannual harvest: Long ‐term assessment of Arabica coffee–macadamia intercropping and irrigation synergism by biological and economic indices
Intercropping Arabica coffee and macadamia improved productivity compared with monocrops; Arabica coffee –macadamia intercropping benefits were greater under rainfed than irrigated conditions; intercropping and irrigation have synergistic effects increasing economic results. AbstractIntercropping that involves coffee (Coffee arabica L.) and macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia Maiden& Betche) can achieve the complementarity between component crops aiming at better use of natural resources, hence resulting in optimum crop production. However, there is no detailed information in the scientific literature about the biological ...
Source: Food and Energy Security - February 3, 2022 Category: Food Science Authors: Rog ério P. Soratto,
Marcos J. Perdoná,
Renan J. Parecido,
Raquel N. Pinotti,
Harun I. Gitari Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Effects of management practices on legume productivity in smallholder farming systems in sub ‐Saharan Africa
Graphical abstract on the effects of management practices on legume productivity in sub-Saharan Africa. The meta-analysis focused on the effect of key management practices on legume productivity in sub-Saharan Africa. Intercropping involving legumes increase the overall productivity, while inoculation and phosphorus application increase legume yields. Various factors including soil organic carbon and soil pH help further explain the variation on legume productivity in response to different management practices. AbstractLegumes play a key role in food and nutrition security, providing livestock feed and contributing to soil...
Source: Food and Energy Security - January 31, 2022 Category: Food Science Authors: Tarirai Muoni,
Mattias Jonsson,
Alan J. Duncan,
Christine A. Watson,
G öran Bergkvist,
Andrew P. Barnes,
Ingrid Öborn Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
Will temperature and rainfall changes prevent yield progress in Europe?
In this study, positive wheat, barley, rice, and maize yield progress in the EU (1961 –2019) was significant, with rates of 0.05, 0.04, 0.05, and 0.07 Tha−1year−1, for the four crops respectively. Much of this progress has been sustained by Eastern European countries (EE), which had the highest yield progress rates. On average, in the case of wheat and barley, a temperature increase of 1 °C in the winter resulted in yields increasing by +0.33 Tha−1 in EE. This was potentially due to decreasing cold damage and improved photosynthesis and vegetative growth, supporting positive yield progress. Recent historical (20...
Source: Food and Energy Security - January 31, 2022 Category: Food Science Authors: Marta S. Lopes Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Controlled ‐release nitrogen fertilizer management influences grain yield in winter wheat by regulating flag leaf senescence post‐anthesis and grain filling
Improving grain filling to increase grian weight is a crucial means of enhancing grain yield in wheat. The twice-split application of CRNF increased the antioxidant enzyme activities to postpone flag leaf senescence, improved the flag leaf photosynthetic capacity post-anthesis, and enhanced the grainfilling rate and filling duration, especially in the middle and late stage of grainfilling. AbstractControlled-release nitrogen fertilizer (CRNF) is expected to meet the nutrient demands for crop growth with single fertilizer application, so as to achieve high-yield, high-efficiency, and labor-saving cultivation. However, under...
Source: Food and Energy Security - January 31, 2022 Category: Food Science Authors: Quan Ma,
Quan Sun,
Xinbo Zhang,
Fujian Li,
Yonggang Ding,
Rongrong Tao,
Min Zhu,
Jinfeng Ding,
Chunyan Li,
Wenshan Guo,
Xinkai Zhu Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
