Future direction of agrochemical development for plant disease in China
Many complex and changeable factors including extreme climate, ecological deterioration, high agrochemical resistance and crop diseases from pests, weeds and pathogenic microorganisms have posed a great challenge for agriculture cultivation. Pesticides were used as the main measures to crop protection, and in this paper, we discuss the status and trends in the development of agrochemicals mainly from the perspective of microbicides, and the potential strategies that could be used as solutions for innovating agrochemicals. AbstractThe growth of the global population poses a huge challenge to food security. The continuous ap...
Source: Food and Energy Security - May 7, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Shengxin Guo,
Feng He,
Baoan Song,
Jian Wu Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
Enhancing bioenergy production from food waste by in situ biomethanation: Effect of the hydrogen injection point
This study explores the potential to reduce carbon arising from anaerobic digestion of food waste by the addition of externally sourced hydrogen gas to aid the biological conversion of internally generated carbon dioxide to biomethane. Moreover, this manuscript assayed the efficiency of hydrogen and carbon dioxide conversion to biomethane by identifying suitable injection points. AbstractThe increasing rate of food waste (FW) generation around the world is a growing environmental concern, notwithstanding, its valorisation through anaerobic digestion (AD) makes it a potential resource. Moreover, there is a growing demand to...
Source: Food and Energy Security - May 6, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Cynthia Kusin Okoro ‐Shekwaga,
Andrew Ross,
Miller Alonso Camargo‐Valero Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Dynamics of photosynthetic induction and relaxation within the canopy of rice and two wild relatives
We characterized non-steady state photosynthesis in an elite rice cultivar and single accessions of its two closest wild relatives and ancestors. The two wild accessions can adjust more rapidly and assimilate more CO2 during transitions from shade to full sunlight. This suggests considerable breeding potential in using this and broader biodiversity in improving rice productivity. AbstractWild rice species are a source of genetic material for improving cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) and a means to understand its evolutionary history. Renewed interest in non-steady-state photosynthesis in crops has taken place due its potent...
Source: Food and Energy Security - May 5, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Liana G. Acevedo ‐Siaca,
Jacqueline Dionora,
Rebecca Laza,
William Paul Quick,
Stephen P. Long Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Rapid non ‐destructive analysis of lignin using NIR spectroscopy and chemo‐metrics
In this paper, we employ NIR spectroscopy combined with synergy interval partial least squares (SiPLS), optimized bootstrapping soft shrinkage method (FRC-BOSS) and partial least square regression (PLSR) to select feature wavelength for rapid and nondestructive analysis of lignin content in ‘Snow’ pears. And then, a comparison of the SiPLS, SiPLS-SPA, SiPLS-CARS, and SiPLS-BOSS variables selection method, the partial least square regression (PLSR) model based on the variables selected by SiPLS-FRCBOSS method has the best prediction ability. It is concluded that the NIR diffuse refl ectance spectroscopy technology combi...
Source: Food and Energy Security - May 5, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Xin Wu,
Guanglin Li,
Xuwen Liu,
Fengyun He Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Valorization of pineapple peel and poultry manure for clean energy generation
This study evaluated their valorization into high value-added biogas and digestate fertilizer for crop and soil improvement. AbstractThe quest for renewable energy generation is fast increasing globally due to environmental degradation by fossil fuels. The energy production from the anaerobic codigestion of pineapple peels (PPs) and poultry manure (PM) was assessed in the present study. Prior to digestion, the PPs were pretreated using a strong acid (sulfuric acid) and a low-cost mild alkali hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) which was prepared via the adjustment of the pH of H2O2 to 11.5 by adding solution of 5 M NaOH. The physic...
Source: Food and Energy Security - May 5, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Samuel O. Dahunsi,
Joshua O. Ogunwole,
Abimbola A. Owoseni,
Godwin O. Olutona,
Yewande T. Nejo,
Oluwatosin E. Atobatele Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
The impact of climate and societal change on food and nutrition security: A case study of Malawi
This study finds that food supply quality (in terms of micronutrient provision) may be more problematic than food supply quantity (in terms of dietary energy provision) over the coming decades in Malawi. These findings highlight the importance of moving beyond the focus on dietary energy supply as a measure of food security since nutrient adequacy of diets may be a more pressing issue in the future than simply the quantity of food and supply of energy. AbstractSociety is currently facing an unprecedented challenge in terms of achieving food and nutrition security for a rapidly expanding global population while also minimis...
Source: Food and Energy Security - May 4, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Charlotte Hall,
Jennie I. Macdiarmid,
Pete Smith,
Terrence P. Dawson Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
The role of rubber farming in household dietary diversity in the upper Mekong region, Southwest China
Rubber expansion has significantly improved household income but negatively affected farm production diversity. As intermediary variables, both household income and farm production diversity have positive impacts on household dietary diversity, while the impact of rubber cultivation on household dietary diversity is always positive. AbstractThe expansion of cash tree crops, such as natural rubber, in the tropical region of South Asia has resulted in an agricultural transformation from subsistence production to market ‐oriented production, implicating the local ecological environment, economy, and household welfare. Based...
Source: Food and Energy Security - May 4, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Yajie Luo,
Shi Min,
Junfei Bai Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Reducing post ‐harvest losses and improving quality in sweet corn (Zea mays L.): challenges and solutions for less food waste and improved food security
Sweet corn is harvested before physiological maturity when the kernel has high water and sugar concentrations making it a very perishable fresh produce and effective post ‐harvest handling essential to reduce losses and ensure quality. This comprehensive review assembles a description of the most customer‐appreciated sweet corn characteristics, and it describes the major sweet corn post‐harvest challenges and provides a summary of four approaches to improve pos t‐harvest quality in this popular fresh‐cut vegetable. Summary of the fresh‐cut sweet corn production and some of the most important factors and common ...
Source: Food and Energy Security - May 4, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Felipe Becerra ‐Sanchez,
Gail Taylor Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
A farming system typology for the adoption of new technology in Bangladesh
The findings confirmed that the key variables that significantly affect the adoption of new agricultural technologies relate to age, farming experience, level of education of the household head, income, access to markets, land ownership, the proportion of hired labour, savings, food self ‐sufficiency and income from off‐farm activities. Four main farm types were identified in the study area based on resource endowment and livelihood orientation. These are (1) well‐resourced farmers entirely dependent on agriculture and less reliant on off‐farm activities; (2) moderately reso urced households, which are headed by an...
Source: Food and Energy Security - May 4, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Mamunur Rashid Sarker,
Marcelo Valadares Galdos,
Andrew J. Challinor,
Akbar Hossain Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Energy assessment of different rice –wheat rotation systems
This study evaluated the energy balance of three rice –wheat rotation systems. Dry direct‐seeded rice–wheat rotation has the highest energy production efficiency. Renewable energy still has a lot of application space in agricultural production. AbstractFood and energy security are important issues that threaten human survival and development. The rice –wheat rotation system provides a stable source of food for more than 20% of the world's population, but there have been no reports on the energy balance of different rice–wheat rotation systems. This study evaluates the energy inputs and outputs of three rice–whe...
Source: Food and Energy Security - April 6, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Zhaoqiang Jin,
Li Zhang,
Hongyan Liu,
Lixiao Nie Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Impact of increased temperature on spring wheat yield in northern China
In this study, we conducted a 17 ‐year field experiment (2002–2018) on spring wheat in Inner Mongolia. Temperature changes during each growth stage of spring wheat were investigated. Responses of spring wheat yield to temperature changes during the specific growing stages were evaluated. Average annual maximum temperature (Tmax) and minimum temperature (Tmin) significantly increased over the past 17 years. However,Tmax did not show obvious increase trend during spring wheat growing seasons (p = 0.0672). Furthermore,Tmax also had no distinct change before or after anthesis.Tmin significantly increased during the who...
Source: Food and Energy Security - April 1, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Jun Ye,
Zhen Gao,
Xiaohua Wu,
Zhanyuan Lu,
Cundong Li,
Xiaobing Wang,
Liyu Chen,
Guohui Cui,
Meiling Yu,
Guijun Yan,
Hui Liu,
Haibin Zhang,
Zhanxian Wang,
Xuefen Shi,
Yuanqing Li Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Yield and nutrient uptake dissected through complementarity and selection effects in the maize/soybean intercropping
The dissection of complementarity and selection effects on yield and nutrient uptake in maize/soybean intercropping were applied. Yield and nutrient uptake advantage in the maize/soybean intercropping system were obvious. CE and SE of grain yield were positive over the two ‐year study, which was both the main contributors to grain yield, and complementarity effect was main contribution to N uptake; selection effect was main contribution to P uptake. AbstractThe yield and nutrient uptake advantages in an intercropping system are commonly supposed to be driven by the overall functional complementarity and temporal/space ni...
Source: Food and Energy Security - March 30, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Runzhi Zhang,
Lingbo Meng,
Ying Li,
Xuerong Wang,
Abiola O. Ogundeji,
Xinrui Li,
Ping Sang,
Yao Mu,
Haolei Wu,
Shumin Li Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Impact of fall armyworm invasion on household income and food security in Zimbabwe
The impact of fall armyworm invasion on smallholder welfare is estimated. Farm households affected by fall armyworm are 12% more likely to experience hunger. Sustainable and safe fall armyworm control strategies are required. AbstractSince 2016, the invasive fall armyworm (FAW),Spodoptera frugiperda, has been one of the most rapidly spreading and highly devastating maize pests across Africa and Asia. Although several studies have estimated the effect of FAW on maize yield, little is known about its impact on broader welfare outcomes. Using data from smallholder maize ‐growing households in Zimbabwe, this article aimed to...
Source: Food and Energy Security - March 17, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Justice A. Tambo,
Monica K. Kansiime,
Ivan Rwomushana,
Idah Mugambi,
Winnie Nunda,
Catherine Mloza Banda,
Shingirayi Nyamutukwa,
Fernadis Makale,
Roger Day Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
Rhizosphere bacteria containing ACC deaminase decrease root ethylene emission and improve maize root growth with localized nutrient supply
It is useful to explore the strategy of soil –crop management by introducing rhizobacteria to regulate plant ethylene signal and then benefit sustainable agriculture. Localized nutrient supply can enhance maize root proliferation, but also increase root ethylene production. The rhizobacteria containing ACC deaminase (V. paradoxus 5C ‐2) can further enhance root proliferation and nutrient uptake of maize plants by reducing ethylene release in the nutrient‐rich zone. We are the first to report the positive effect of rhizobacteria V. paradoxus 5C‐2 on maize growth in field condition. AbstractLocalized nutrient supply ...
Source: Food and Energy Security - March 8, 2021 Category: Food Science Authors: Kemo Jin,
Hongbo Li,
Xiaoqing Li,
Haigang Li,
Ian C. Dodd,
Andrey A. Belimov,
William J. Davies,
Jianbo Shen Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
