Timing of True Vocal Cords Closure for Safe Swallowing: A Review of 5 Studies Using 3D Analysis Using Computerized Tomography (CT)
AbstractTimely and complete laryngeal closure is critical for a successful swallow. Researchers have studied laryngeal closure, including true vocal cords (TVC) closure, closure of the arytenoids to the epiglottis base (laryngeal vestibule closure), and epiglottic inversion, but the most commonly available imaging tools have limitations that do not allow the study of these components individually. Swallowing computerized tomography (CT) has enabled three-dimensional dynamic visualization and quantitative evaluation of swallowing events providing a unique view of swallowing-related structures and their motion. Using CT, TVC...
Source: Dysphagia - October 7, 2023 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Difference in the Electromyographic Behavior of the Masticatory and Swallowing Muscles During Cued Versus Spontaneous Swallowing
AbstractThe risk of dysphagia and/or aspiration is determined using screening tests, such as the repeated saliva swallowing test and modified water swallowing test, which evaluate cued swallowing. However, humans masticate and swallow foods with various consistencies, forms, and amounts, without conscious awareness. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the difference in the behavior of masticatory and swallowing muscles during spontaneous versus cued swallowing through a series of mastication and swallowing processes by evaluating surface electromyogram (sEMG) signals. The effect of the consistency and amount of food on ...
Source: Dysphagia - September 26, 2023 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Swallowing Characteristics in Patients with Multiple System Atrophy Analyzed Using FEES Examination
AbstractPatients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) frequently experience dysphagia but only few studies analyzed its characteristics. The aim of this study was to describe the swallowing characteristics in these patients using fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES). In addition, the swallowing abilities in patients with predominantly cerebellar MSA (MSA-C) and predominantly parkinsonian MSA (MSA-P) were compared. Twenty-five patients with MSA (16 MSA-P and 9 MSA-C) were enrolled. Clinical data including age, sex, functional oral intake scale (FOIS) score, body mass index (BMI) and the results of the global ...
Source: Dysphagia - September 21, 2023 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Esophageal Infusion of Menthol Does Not Affect Esophageal Motility in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
AbstractMenthol is thought to trigger gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms by influencing esophageal peristalsis and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) function. We evaluated the effect of esophageal menthol infusion on esophageal motility and the LES in healthy volunteers and in patients with GERD. High resolution manometry (HRM) catheter with attached thin tube for menthol infusion was placed transnasally. Protocol which included baseline recording, 16 water swallows (5 ml, 10 ml, and 15 ml) and the multiple rapid swallows was performed before and after esophageal infusion of menthol (3 mM, 20 min, 8 ml/m...
Source: Dysphagia - September 20, 2023 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
The Association Between Dysphagia Symptoms, DIGEST Scores, and Severity Ratings in Individuals with Parkinson ’s Disease
AbstractThe Swallow Disturbance Questionnaire (SDQ) is a screening tool developed to identify patients with Parkinson ’s Disease (PD) in need of objective swallowing evaluation. In a previous investigation, the SDQ did not predict abnormal airway protection on a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS). This investigation was undertaken to determine whether SDQ scores were more accurate when a global measure was used. The Dynamic Imaging Grade for Swallowing Toxicity (DIGEST) is a validated measure that provides a safety, efficiency, and total severity grade based on VFSS. A secondary analysis was performed using data f...
Source: Dysphagia - August 31, 2023 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Pink1-/- Rats Demonstrate Swallowing and Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in a Model of Prodromal Parkinson Disease
AbstractEarly motor and non-motor signs of Parkinson disease (PD) include dysphagia, gastrointestinal dysmotility, and constipation. However, because these often manifest prior to formal diagnosis, the study of PD-related swallow and GI dysfunction in early stages is difficult. To overcome this limitation, we used thePink1-/- rat, a well-established early-onset genetic rat model of PD to assay swallowing and GI motility deficits. Thirty male rats were tested at 4 months (Pink1-/- = 15, wildtype (WT) control = 15) and 6 months (Pink1-/- = 7, WT = 6) of age; analogous to early-stage PD in humans. Videofluo...
Source: Dysphagia - August 31, 2023 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Dysphagia After Esophageal Replacement and Its Treatment
AbstractDysphagia occurs temporarily or permanently following esophageal replacement in at least half of the cases. Swallowing disorder, in addition to severe decline in the quality of life, can lead to a deterioration of the general condition, which may lead to death if left untreated. For this reason, their early detection and treatment are a matter of importance. Between 1993 and 2012, 540 esophageal resections were performed due to malignant tumors at the Department of Surgery, Medical Center of the University of P écs. Stomach was used for replacement in 445 cases, colon in 38 cases, and jejunum in 57 cases. The anas...
Source: Dysphagia - August 31, 2023 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy for Achalasia in Older Adults: A Retrospective Analysis of 39 Cases with a Minimum Follow-Up of 5 Years
In conclusion, POE M can provide symptomatic improvement in a large proportion of older adults with achalasia at 5-year postop. (Source: Dysphagia)
Source: Dysphagia - August 31, 2023 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
The Manometric Representation of the Upper Esophageal Sphincter During the Resting State: A Descriptive Study
This study describes the manometric representation of the resting UES using a clinically accessible method of measurement. Data were obtained from 87 subjects in a normative database of pharyngeal HRM with simultaneous videofluoroscopy. The resting UES manometric region was identified and ten measurement segments of this region were taken throughout the duration of the study using the Smart Mouse function within the manometry software. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to analyze within-subject reliability across measurements. Linear mixed-effects regression models were used to analyze how subject charact...
Source: Dysphagia - August 24, 2023 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
The Prevalence of Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
AbstractTo determine the global prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) in adults. Six electronic databases (Embase, LILACS, LIVIVO, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched, in addition to gray literature (ASHA, Google Scholar, ProQuest Dissertation, and Theses). A random-effects model for meta-analysis of proportions was conducted, and heterogeneity was evaluated according to the moderator variable through subgroup analysis and meta-regression. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist and the certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE too...
Source: Dysphagia - August 23, 2023 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Mast Cell Esophagitis: A Novel Entity in Patients with Unexplained Esophageal Symptoms
In conclusion, esophageal mast cell infiltration was common in patients with symptoms unexplained by prior testing, and levels were higher than previously published values for patients with no underlying esophageal condition. Mast cell esophagitis could be a novel cause of unexplained esophageal symptoms in a subset of patients, though it reamins to be determined if such patients benefit from mast cell-targeted treatment. (Source: Dysphagia)
Source: Dysphagia - August 21, 2023 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
The Cortical and Subcortical Neural Control of Swallowing: A Narrative Review
This article also presents how cortical and subcortical neural structures interact with each other to generate the swallowing response. In addition, we provided the updated evidence about the clinical applications and efficacy of neuromodulation techniques, including both non-invasive brain stimulation and deep brain stimulation on dysphagia. (Source: Dysphagia)
Source: Dysphagia - August 21, 2023 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Training to Analyze Functional Parameters with Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing: A Scoping Review
AbstractAnalyzing fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) is challenging and requires training to ensure the proficiency of health professionals and improve reliability. This scoping review aims to identify and map the available evidence on training health professionals to analyze FEES functional parameters. The method proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines were followed. The search was performed in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL databases, and in the gray literature. Two blinded independent reviewers screened articles by title and abstract. Th...
Source: Dysphagia - August 17, 2023 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Temporal Characteristics of Penetration and Aspiration in Patients with Severe Dysphagia Associated with Lateral Medullary Syndrome
AbstractTo assess the severity and timing of penetration and aspiration (PA) of severe dysphagia after lateral medullary syndrome (LMS) and its association with temporal characteristics. We performed videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSS) in 48 patients with LMS and severe dysphagia and 26 sex- and age-matched healthy subjects. The following temporal measures were compared between groups: velopharyngeal closure duration (VCD); hyoid bone movement duration (HMD); laryngeal vestibular closure duration (LCD); upper esophageal s phincter (UES) opening duration (UOD); stage transition duration (STD) and the interval betw...
Source: Dysphagia - August 16, 2023 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Is Chewing Performance Related to Dietary Intake in Children with Cerebral Palsy?
In conclusion, the amount of daily protein intake decreased, and daily intake ratios of energy and macronutrients from liquid-blenderized foods increased as chewing performance decreased in children with CP. Timely diagnosis and treatment of chewing dysfunction can serve as a useful treatment option to ensure adequate dietary intake in children with CP, and also to decrease the burden of their parents and improve their quality of life. (Source: Dysphagia)
Source: Dysphagia - August 11, 2023 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
