Extremely Poor Post-discharge Prognosis in Aspiration Pneumonia and Its Prognostic Factors: A Retrospective Cohort Study
This study aimed to investigate post-discharge survival time and prognostic factors in older patients hospitalized for aspiration pneumonia. This retrospective cohort study included patients aged ≥ 65 years hospitalized for aspiration pneumonia and discharged alive from a tertiary care hospital in Japan between April 2009 and September 2014. Candidate prognostic factors were patient’s age, sex, body mass index (BMI), performance status, chronic conditions, CURB-65 score, serum albu min level, hematocrit concentration, nutritional pathway at discharge, and discharge location. Kaplan–Meier curves were determined ...
Source: Dysphagia - February 22, 2024 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Formulation of Functional Liquid Diets Under IDDSI Levels 0 to 2 for Dysphagia Patients: Physico-Chemical, Sensory, Antioxidant and Electromyographic Oral Processing Analyses
In this study, functional liquid diets were formulated under International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI) levels 0 –2. The developed diets were analysed for their proximate composition, colour, antioxidant and sensory properties. Antioxidant activities were determined using 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and total phenolic content (TPC) methods. The highest ABTS+ value was observed in pumpkin puree (level-2) i.e. 98.59%. Black carrot juice (level-1) showed the highest DPPH free radical scav...
Source: Dysphagia - February 21, 2024 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Drooling may be Associated with Dysphagia Symptoms in Multiple Sclerosis
This study aims to assess potential risk factors for drooling seen in PwMS. The study included 20 PwMS with drooling and 19 PwMS without drooling. The participants ’ sociodemographic data and clinical parameters were noted. To evaluate dysphagia, fatigue, and hypersalivation, the Dysphagia in Multiple Sclerosis Questionnaire (DYMUS), the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and objective saliva flow rate measurement with cottons placed in Stensen ducts and under t he tongue (swab test) were used, respectively. The study employed univariate and multivariate logistic regression models to identify the risk factors linked to drool...
Source: Dysphagia - February 19, 2024 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Pilot Study of Intensive Trismus Intervention Using Restorabite ™ During Unilateral Adjuvant Radiation for Head and Neck Cancer
This study assessed the feasibility of using a novel trismus device during adjuvant radiotherapy for HNC in patients with acute postoperative trismus. Prospective single-arm cohort feasibility study. Eligible patients had undergone surgery with curative intent for HNC, planned for adjuvant radiotherapy, and were suitable for trismus rehabilitation. Participants completed a 10-week exercise program using a novel jaw stretching device. Study outcomes were adherence, maximal incisal opening (MIO), and trismus-related function and quality of life scores, assessed at baseline, 10 weeks, and 6 months after commencing exercise...
Source: Dysphagia - February 16, 2024 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Evaluation of the Whiteout During Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing and Examination of Its Correlation with Pharyngeal Residue and Aspiration
AbstractTo evaluate the whiteout duration (WOd) and intensity (WOi) during Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) and examine their correlation with each other and age, gender, bolus consistencies, residue, and aspiration. Retrospective review of 75 videorecorded FEES. The first swallow of each of the following were scored: “Empty” swallow, semisolids, solids, and liquids (International dysphagia diet standardization initiative (IDDSI) 4, 7, 0, respectively). Data scored for each swallow included WOd, WOi, Penetration and aspiration scale (PAS), Pharyngeal residue (Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rati...
Source: Dysphagia - February 15, 2024 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Pharyngeal Residue Scoring in Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing: Reliability Comparison and Applicability Among Different Scales
In conclusion, the YPRSRS showed the highest reliability, while raters perceived the RORS as the easiest to score. These results will allow clinicians to consciously choose which scale to use in clinical practice. (Source: Dysphagia)
Source: Dysphagia - February 8, 2024 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
A Novel Exercise to Improve Suprahyoid Muscle Area and Intensity as Evaluated by Ultrasonography
This study investigated whether an exercise of the suprahyoid muscle, named forehead exercise for suprahyoid muscles (FESM, “Enge-Odeko-Taiso” in Japanese), improves the geniohyoid muscle area and intensity using ultrasonography. Sixty-four participants (15 men and 49 women, 82.8 ± 6.0 years) living independently with no symptoms of swallowing difficulties were enrolled. The participants were divided into the F ESM and the control group. The FESM is an isometric exercise involving repetitions of looking into the navel as if the chin is pulled back with little neck motion using a hand pushed against the forehead f...
Source: Dysphagia - February 7, 2024 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Dysphagia Pattern in Early to Moderate Parkinson ’s Disease Caused by Abnormal Pharyngeal Kinematic Function
In this study, 53 patients with early to moderate PD were enrolled to undergo a videofluoroscopic study of swallowing evaluation (VFSS) and a battery of neuropsychological assessments. A set of VFSS variables (three visuoperceptual, nine temporal, and six spatial) were measured. The main effects of bolus viscosity and volume on airway invasion were calculated. Statistical analyses were performed to determine key kinematic factors of airway invasion for swallowing each bolus type. Airway invasion frequency was significantly higher for liquid boluses (liquid vs. puddingP < 0.001; liquid vs. honeyP = 0.006). Lary...
Source: Dysphagia - February 6, 2024 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
The 100 ml-Timed Water Swallow Test: Pilot Data from Children with No Dysphagia
This study aimed to investigate swallowing parameters in children, while widening the pool of data available, using the ‘100 ml-Timed Water Swallow Test’ (100 ml-TWST). Sixty Singaporean children aged 4 to 18 years old completed the 100 ml-TWST via a cup and a straw. Task completion, presence of cough, choke or throat clear, post-swallow voice quality, total time taken and number of swallows were observed. Su bsequently, analysis of time per swallow (T/S), volume per swallow (V/S) and volume per time or swallowing capacity (V/T) were performed. Higher tendencies for coughing and task incompletion were observed in y...
Source: Dysphagia - February 6, 2024 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Surveying the International Prevalence and Nature of Eating, Drinking and Swallowing Difficulties in Adults Presenting with Fibromyalgia
This study investigated the nature and prevalence of dysphagia in an international sample of adults with fibromyalgia. An online cross-sectional survey design was used to gather data. Questions were adapted from a criterion-based assessment and available evidence. The survey focused on demographics, dysphagia symptoms, and symptom experiences. Results were analyzed using descriptives and correlational analysis. 1 983 individuals participated (age range: 18–94), located: Australia (n = 18), Ireland (n = 63), Canada (n = 174), New Zealand (n = 253), the UK (n = 434) and the USA (n = 1024). Many e...
Source: Dysphagia - February 3, 2024 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Comprehensive Assessment of Esophageal Disorders Associated with Hiatus Hernia: Insights from Big Data Analysis
AbstractHiatus hernia (HH) is a prevalent endoscopic finding in clinical practice, frequently co-occurring with esophageal disorders, yet the prevalence and degree of association remain uncertain. We aim to investigate HH ’s frequency and its suspected association with esophageal disorders. We reviewed endoscopic reports of over 75,000 consecutive patients who underwent gastroscopy over 12 years in two referral centers. HH was endoscopically diagnosed. We derived data on clinical presentation and a comprehensive as sessment of benign and malignant esophageal pathologies. We performed multiple regression models to identif...
Source: Dysphagia - January 29, 2024 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Influence of Spinal Sagittal Alignment in Sitting Posture on the Swallowing Speed of Older Adult Women: A Cross-Sectional Study
AbstractThoracolumbar kyphosis in sitting posture is associated with forward head posture and may adversely affect swallowing function. However, few studies have investigated the effect of spinal alignment in the sitting posture on the swallowing function of older adults. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether spinal alignment in the sitting posture influences the swallowing function of older adult women. Overall, 18 older adult women (mean age, 69.78 ± 3.66 years) without dysphagia were enrolled. Participants were positioned in two sitting postures, namely, comfortable sitting (CS) and thoracic upr...
Source: Dysphagia - January 27, 2024 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Impact of Patient Factors on Attendance at Remote Telehealth Swallow Therapy
This study evaluates potential factors influencing attendance at telehealth swallow therapy. Retrospective review of 308 patients referred for telehealth swallow therapy from April 2020 –November 2021 included patient referral diagnosis, diagnostic swallowing evaluations, and sociodemographic information including age, race, health insurance, interpreter use, and socioeconomic status. Univariable and multivariable analyses compared patient and appointment factors for those who at tended telehealth swallow therapy with those who did not attend. Overall, 71.8% of patients attended at least one telehealth swallow therapy ap...
Source: Dysphagia - January 25, 2024 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Deglutologist Practices and Perceptions of the Penetration-Aspiration Scale: A Survey Study
AbstractSuccessful dysphagia management requires accurate, succinct diagnosis and characterization of swallowing safety impairments. However, the Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) remains the only available tool developed exclusively for assessment of airway protection. To best support efforts to advance the field ’s understanding of swallowing safety, it is crucial to understand current clinician practice patterns, perceptions, and accuracy regarding the PAS. A 46-item survey was developed and distributed to deglutologists internationally examining: (1) Demographics; (2) Scale Practices; (3) Swallowing Saf ety Prioriti...
Source: Dysphagia - January 24, 2024 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Impact of Reducing Fluoroscopy Pulse Rate on Adult Modified Barium Swallow Studies
AbstractModified Barium Swallow Studies (MBSS) are a critical part of the evaluation, treatment planning, and outcome assessment for persons with swallowing disorders. Since MBSSs use ionizing radiation with associated cancer risks, many clinicians have reduced radiation exposure by reducing the fluoroscopic pulse rate. However, by reducing pulse rate, we also decrease the temporal resolution of MBSSs which has been shown in pilot studies to significantly reduce diagnostic accuracy. Two hundred MBSSs from patients routinely undergoing MBSS as standard of care conducted at 30 pulses per second (pps) using the Modified Bariu...
Source: Dysphagia - January 24, 2024 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
