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Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans in Children
Opinion statementPaediatric dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare soft tissue malignant tumour which displays aggressive local behaviour and has low metastatic potential. The diagnosis is often delayed as DFSP is usually mistaken for other skin conditions, particularly in the early stages of disease. DFSP tends to follow an indolent course after the initial presentation with what is often described as a “rubbery lump”. As the disease progresses, the lump tends to enlarge, change colour, and exhibit a more nodular consistency. In rare cases, DFSP can present as an ulcerated exophytic lesion or a depressed are...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - April 8, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Systemic Treatment of Soft Tissue Sarcomas in the Geriatric Population
Opinion statementAs the population ages, there will be an increase in the incidence and prevalence of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) within the geriatric population. As this disease disproportionately affects older adults, the percentage of adults>65 years old is expected to increase in the coming years. Geriatric patients are often more vulnerable to disease-related symptoms and have more difficulty tolerating treatment-related side effects. While there are no formal existing guidelines to direct the care of this geriatric patient population, it is of utmost importance to consider each patients ’ fitness and co-morbiditie...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - April 7, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Targeted Therapy for Melanomas Without BRAF V600 Mutations
Opinion statementModern therapy of advanced melanoma offers effective targeted therapeutic options in the form of BRAF plus MEK inhibition for patients with BRAF V600 mutations. For patients lacking these mutations, checkpoint inhibition remains the only first-line choice for treatment of metastatic disease. However, approximately half of patients do not respond to immunotherapy, requiring effective options for a second-line treatment. Advances in genetic profiling have found other possible target molecules, especially a wide array of rare non-V600 BRAF mutations which may respond to available targeted therapy.More informa...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - April 5, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Correction to: The Microbiome: the Link to Colorectal Cancer and Research Opportunities
(Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology)
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - April 5, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Current Management and Treatment of Extramammary Paget ’s Disease
Opinion statementExtramammary Paget ’s disease (EMPD) is a rare neoplastic disease affecting areas rich in apocrine glands in the elderly. EMPD clinically resembles a benign inflammatory skin disease, and ill-defined tumor borders can lead to misdiagnosis and incomplete excision. Several prognostic factors have been reported, includ ing nodule formation, tumor thickness, tumor invasion, lymphovascular invasion, and a perianal location, which are characteristic of primary tumors. EMPD typically presents as an in situ tumor spreading horizontally within the epidermis and then invading into the dermis as it transitions to a...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - April 4, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Do Patients Benefit from a Trial of Corticosteroids at the End of Life?
Opinion statementPatients with advanced cancer in the last 6 months of their lives have a higher frequency of distressing and debilitating physical and psychosocial symptoms such as cancer pain, cancer-related fatigue (CRF), anorexia, shortness of breath, poor sleep, anxiety, and depression. Often these symptoms significantly impact the patients ’ quality of life, and therefore require prompt assessment and effective treatment. There are specific treatments for certain distressing cancer-related symptoms (e.g., opioids for pain), but for the other symptoms such as CRF, anorexia-cachexia, and shortness of breath, there ar...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - April 1, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Surgery in Patients with Gastro-Entero-Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinomas, Neuroendocrine Tumors G3 and High Grade Mixed Neuroendocrine-Non-Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Opinion statementIn the 2019 WHO guidelines, the classification of gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP NEN) has changed from one being based on Ki-67 proliferation index alone to one that also includes tumor differentiation. Consequently, GEP NENs are now classified as well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (NET), NET G1 (Ki-67<3%), NET G2 (Ki-67 3 –20%) and NET G3 (Ki-67>20%), and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) (Ki-67>20%). It has been suggested that NET G3 should be treated as NET G2 with respect to surgery, while surgical management of NEC should be expanded from loc...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - April 1, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

New Treatment Options for Newly-Diagnosed and Relapsed Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Opinion statementThe better understanding of the biology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) gained over the past decade has led to the development and introduction of several targeted drugs, with an demonstrable improvement in the prognosis for this currently incurable condition. Currently, Bruton ’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors, venetoclax, and CD20 monoclonal antibodies are the key elements in the treatment of both previously untreated and relapsed/refractory CLL patients. Ibrutinib was the first BTK inhibitor approved for clinical use, and showed excellent efficacy a...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - March 31, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

The Current Landscape of Research Advocacy and Education for Patients with Colorectal Cancer
Opinion statementResearch advocacy is an evolving concept and should be tailored for the colorectal cancer research community. Research advocacy training and evaluation must be designed for the patient community with their insight included at each step of engagement, training, and implementation. Patient advocates bring a great deal of expertise to the research review process, but it is important to ensure that their insight is appropriately placed, and they bring an appropriate orientation to the research process as the most informed patient. This can be accomplished in part by providing advocates with the proper training...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - March 30, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: What Is the Best Sequence of TKIs?
Opinion statementIn our practice, we evaluate the mutation status of advanced unresectable disease to guide decisions on use of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. This review focuses on management of GIST with KIT and PDGFRA mutations. Imatinib is first-line treatment for unresectable gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) unless they harbor a PDGFRA D842V mutation; it is recommended to escalate imatinib to twice daily dosing for KIT exon 9 mutant tumors. When patients progress on first-line treatment, treatment is changed to sunitinib followed by regorafenib; while the spectrum of activity against resistance mutati...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - March 28, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Cardio-Oncology Care Delivered in the Non-academic Environment
Opinion statementIt is a fact that the field of Cardio-Oncology is growing rapidly throughout the USA and abroad. Cancer and heart disease continue to be the leading causes of death in the USA, and oncologic therapies are evolving to the point that cancer survivors are increasing yearly, some living long enough to develop cardiovascular disease, and others living with sequelae from their cancer therapy. The financial burdens to the healthcare system continue to present barriers for the delivery of healthcare, especially for patients with heart disease and cancer as chronic diseases. Collaboration between cardiologists and ...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - March 28, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Current Treatment Options for Cutaneous Adnexal Malignancies
Opinion statementCutaneous adnexal malignancies include various types of malignant tumors that show differentiation of cutaneous appendages. They can be classified into sweat gland, hair follicle, and sebaceous gland differentiations. All types of cutaneous adnexal tumors are rare and standard treatment options based on valid evidence have not been established. Although prognosis differs depending on the type of cutaneous adnexal malignancy, surgery is the mainstay of treatment. In surgical treatment, an adequate surgical margin is unclear for wide local excision. Mohs micrographic is a better option than wide local excisi...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - March 26, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

An Update on the Management of Mixed Neuroendocrine-Non-neuroendocrine Neoplasms (MiNEN)
Opinion statementThe classification of mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNEN) is evolving, and no clear management guidelines are currently available. However, recent studies provide insight into factors affecting outcomes and could help develop treatment decisions for patients with these rare malignancies. The majority of MiNENs have a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) component which is associated with an aggressive clinical course and poor outcomes. Due to the paucity of clinical trials, strategies adopted in gastrointestinal cancers and NECs are used to manage MiNENs. It is also to...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - March 26, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

How the COVID-19 Pandemic Reshaped the Management of Leukemia and Affected Patient Outcomes
We describe the impact on both clinical care (from diagnosis to treatment) and research, and cover the litera ture on vaccines and treatments for COVID-19 in relation to leukemia. (Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology)
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - March 25, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

New PET Radiotracers for the Imaging of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Opinion statementNeuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are a heterogeneous group of tumours derived from cells of neuroendocrine origin and can potentially arise everywhere in the human body. The diagnostic assessment of NEN can be performed using a variety of PET radiopharmaceuticals. Well-differentiated NEN (NET) present a high expression of SSTR (somatostatin receptors) and can therefore be studied with 68Ga-DOTA-peptides ([68Ga]Ga-DOTANOC, [68Ga]Ga-DOTATOC, [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE). Current guidelines recommend the use of SSTR imaging to assess disease extension at staging/restaging, follow-up, assessment of response to therapy and...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - March 24, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research