Current Treatment Options in Oncology 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.New Immuno-oncology Targets and Resistance Mechanisms
Opinion statementImmune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) has revolutionized the field of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); currently, most patients with advanced disease receive upfront ICI either alone or in combination with chemotherapy. These advances have recently extended into early-stage NSCLC, with ICI incorporation into neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment regimens. However, despite these successes, immunotherapy (IO) resistance remains a fundamental challenge in NSCLC, introducing a central quandary of how to precisely select the appropriate IO therapy or IO combination therapy for each individual patient. To address t...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - August 18, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Therapy Approaches to Gastric Cancer
Opinion statementGastric cancer is an aggressive malignancy, requiring a multimodality approach to achieve optimal curative rates even when the disease is amenable to surgical resection. Neoadjuvant and adjuvant approaches differ across the globe —a preference for peri-operative chemotherapy exists in Europe, in contrast to the adoption of adjuvant chemotherapy in Asia and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in North America. There are nuances and limitations associated with each therapeutic strategy and an understanding of these distinct approache s is integral to judicious clinical application of the available data. Although a ...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - August 18, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
The Role of Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping in High-grade Endometrial Cancer
Opinion statementTotal hysterectomy with lymph node assessment is the current standard-of-care for surgical staging in apparent early-stage endometrial cancer. Compared to the traditional complete pelvic lymphadenectomy with or without para-aortic lymphadenectomy, sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping results in fewer surgical complications, decreased operative time, and lower rates of chronic lymphedema. The technique is endorsed by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network and the Society of Gynecologic Oncology guidelines, and over the past two decades the majority of gynecologic oncologists worldwide have adopted SLN mappi...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - August 18, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Systemic Therapy for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: Current Standards and Emerging Challenges
Opinion statementGastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), though rare, is the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.KIT orPDGFR α mutation plays as an oncogenic driver in the majority of GISTs. Surgical resection is the only curative treatment for localized disease. The discovery of imatinib with promising anti-tumor effect and successive tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), including second-line sunitinib and third-line regorafenib, revolutionized the management of advanced and metastatic GIST over the past two decades. Recently, ripretinib and avapritinib were approved for the fourth line setting and f...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - August 17, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Innovations in Cardio-oncology Resulting from the COVID-19 Pandemic
Opinion statementThe COVID pandemic has transformed our approach to patient care, research, and training in cardio-oncology. While the early phases of the COVID pandemic were exceptionally frightening, we now can reflect on the innovative changes that brought more effective and patient-centered care to our doorsteps: expansion of telemedicine, integration of digital health, wider adoption of cardiac biomarkers, consolidation, and coordination of cardio-oncology testing. Normally, it takes years for health care systems to adopt new technology or modify patient care pathways; however, COVID pushed healthcare providers and th...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - August 15, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Role of Stereotactic Radiation Therapy in Operable and Inoperable Early-Stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Opinion statementRadiation therapy is becoming an increasingly important part of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) management. Approximately 60% of all cancer patients require radiation therapy (RT) as part of their treatment. For lung cancer, this number is even higher, reaching approximately 77% of all patients, from radical to palliative modalities of RT. This percentage may even be underestimated, as it may not account for the more recent use of RT in oligometastatic lung cancer patients. Thus, we can estimate that each year there will be approximately 21,890 new lung cancer patients in the USA requiring RT. These num...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - August 15, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Targeting the FGFR Pathway in Urothelial Carcinoma: the Future Is Now
Opinion statementAs we come to better understand cancer genomics, we are increasingly shifting towards precision medicine. FGFR has been elucidated as one of the oncogenic driver pathways in urothelial carcinoma, leading to exciting targeted drug development. Although many agents are being investigated, erdafitinib is the only FGFR inhibitor currently approved by the FDA for treating platinum-refractory metastatic urothelial carcinoma harboring susceptibleFGFR2/3 alterations, with seemingly higher response rates than second-line chemotherapy or immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize the clinical data supporting FGFR i...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - August 13, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Systemic Therapy of Advanced Well-differentiated Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors Progressive on Somatostatin Analogues
Opinion statementNeuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors whose management requires a nuanced and multi-disciplinary approach in order to control symptoms, halt tumor growth, and improve survival outcomes. Of late, the treatment landscape of NENs has advanced considerably as a result of several pivotal clinical trials, which have established somatostatin analogues as first-line therapy for advanced, metastatic, well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). However, an evolving classification system as well as an increased understanding of distinct clinical, molecular, and biologic features co...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - August 8, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Current Considerations in the Treatment of Grade 3 Gliomas
Opinion statementTreatment recommendations for grade 3 gliomas are guided by their histopathologic and molecular phenotype. In the 2021 WHO classification, these tumors are categorized into two types, grade 3 IDH mutant (IDHmt), 1p/19q codeleted oligodendroglioma and IDH mutant astrocytoma. Treatment consists of maximal safe surgery, followed by radiation therapy (RT) and alkylating agent –based chemotherapy. Based on the updated CATNON result, RT followed by temozolomide improves outcome in patients with non-codeleted grade 3 IDHmt astrocytoma. In patients with IDHmt, codeleted oligodendroglioma, the addition of procarb...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - August 1, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Rechallenge After Prior Immune Toxicity
Opinion statementImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become an essential part of treatment for many cancer types. These monoclonal antibodies remove a critical negative regulatory signal that allows the immune system to recognize and destroy malignant cells that were previously undetectable. Unfortunately, their use has ushered in a whole new form of drug toxicity whereby the immune system attacks normal tissues in the body, referred to hereafter as immune-related adverse events (irAEs). irAEs are common and can result in treatment discontinuation, hospitalization, and death. When alternative modes of treatment are li...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - July 25, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Targeted Therapy in Early Stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Opinion statementTyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have dramatically improved tumor response rates and survival benefits in advanced oncogenic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Given the impressive success, a renewed interest has been raised in the study of these agents in the perioperative setting. Preliminary data have shown dramatic effectiveness compared to conventional chemotherapy. Given the explicit need to induce durable responses and raise cure rates, we summarize the current progression, identify key challenges, and raise potential opportunities for perioperative targeted therapy that range from precise biomark...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - July 25, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma: Genomic Landscape and Emerging Treatments
Opinion statementAdenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a heterogeneous cancer that commonly develops in the salivary glands. Approximately 40 to 50% of patients with ACC develop recurrence and/or metastasis. Although most patients with ACC have slow-growing disease, a subset experiences aggressive disease with early visceral and/or bone metastasis. Thus far, there is no consensus on the best time to start palliative treatment in patients with indolent disease. The only systemic therapies available for recurrent or metastatic ACC are cytotoxic agents and multikinase inhibitors targeting vascular endothelial growth factor recept...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - July 19, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Incorporating Molecular Diagnostics into Treatment Paradigms for Endometrial Cancer
Opinion statementThe treatment of endometrial cancer has recently undergone a paradigm shift from using traditional clinical-pathologic factors to molecular characterization for prognosis and selection of treatment. Recent approval of pembrolizumab, dostarlimab, and the combination of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab has drastically changed the treatment options and response rate for advanced and recurrent endometrial cancer, especially for DNA mismatch repair –deficient (MMRd) tumors. For p53 abnormal tumors, which have the worst prognosis, there are several new treatment approaches including lenvatinib and pembrolizumab, t...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - July 6, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Correction to: Cardiotoxicity of Systemic Melanoma Treatments
(Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology)
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - June 29, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Chemoradiation for Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
Opinion statementLimited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) is a potentially curable disease. However, most patients develop disease relapse shortly after definitive treatment. The landmark trials IMpower133 and CASPIAN demonstrated a survival benefit with the addition of immunotherapy to first-line platinum/etoposide for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. Therefore, it is critical to determine whether advancements in overall survival with immunotherapy can be translated earlier into the treatment paradigm for LS-SCLC. Decades of robust preclinical research into the synergism of radiation therapy and immunotherapy...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Oncology - June 18, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
