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Sustainable Resumption of Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory Procedures, and the Importance of Testing, During Endemic COVID-19
ConclusionOur patients are at definite risk from their cardiovascular disease, and a return to suspension of proven prognostic interventional treatments on an elective  basis – the default for the first wave – must be avoided at all costs. (Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine)
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - February 22, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Contemporary Use of Radial to Peripheral Access for Management of Peripheral Artery Disease
AbstractPurpose of the reviewCompared with femoral access, transradial access for percutaneous vascular intervention has demonstrated several advantages, including lower risks of access site complications, faster patient recovery time, and lower health care costs. This has led to a growing interest in utilization of transradial access as the primary access site for certain peripheral vascular interventions (PVIs). This review outlines the rationale for transradial access for PVI, offers tips on equipment selection and special procedure-specific considerations, discusses challenges and barriers to widespread utilization, an...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - February 2, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Practical Approaches to Catheter Ablation of Idiopathic Ventricular Arrhythmias
AbstractPurpose of reviewIn this review, we provide a practical approach to the catheter ablation of idiopathic focal ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) by summarizing the electrocardiographic (ECG) characteristics, mapping strategies, and ablation techniques for each of the major types of idiopathic VAs. We identify special considerations to be taken when treating specific forms of idiopathic VAs with catheter ablation that can increase success rates and reduce complications.Recent findingsInsights on ECG morphologies of VAs have led to novel criteria that can aid in accurate identification and localization of VA sites of orig...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - February 2, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Percutaneous Closure of Aortic and Mitral Paravalvular Leaks —Diagnostic and Therapeutic Considerations
AbstractPurpose of reviewParavalvular leak (PVL) represents a suboptimal procedural outcome resulting in an eccentric regurgitant jet following surgical or transcatheter aortic or mitral valve replacements. In this review, the role of integrated imaging modalities, including transthoracic echocardiography, transesophageal echocardiography, cardiac computed tomography, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, for the diagnosis and evaluation of aortic and mitral PVL is comprehensively discussed. Interventional procedures for aortic or mitral PVL using various percutaneous closure devices are reviewed. Clinical outcomes of pe...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - February 2, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

An Update on Coronary Artery Disease in Pregnancy
AbstractPurpose of reviewWe review recent literature regarding coronary artery disease in pregnant women or women desiring pregnancy. This includes preconception counseling, prenatal care, labor and delivery, management of acute events in pregnancy, and postpartum care.Recent findingsThe pregnancy outcomes for women with coronary artery disease and their babies correlate with the degree of recovery from the initial event, coronary revascularization, and current maternal cardiac status. Preconception care includes assessment of cardiac function and management of cardiac medications. Prenatal care includes monitoring for rec...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - February 2, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Complete Revascularization in Patients With STEMI and Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease: Is It Beneficial?
AbstractPurpose of reviewMultivessel coronary artery disease is usually present in up to 50% of patients presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The optimal revascularization approach for non-infarct related lesions has been a topic of recent debate. Various observational studies and clinical trials have been conducted to assess the impact of multivessel revascularization. In this review, we aim to present the currently available evidence behind the different revascularization strategies.Recent findingsEarly observational studies, registry-based analyses, and meta-analyses had suggested a benefit of cul...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - January 28, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Role of Inferior Vena Cava Filter Retrieval in Patients on Chronic Anticoagulation Therapy
AbstractPurpose of reviewDescribe the role of inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) retrieval in patients on chronic anticoagulation given the overlap of these treatment options in the management of patients with venous thromboembolic disease.Recent findingsDespite the increase in IVCF retrievals since the Food and Drug Administration safety communications in 2010 and 2014, retrieval rates remain low. Previous studies have shown that longer filter dwell times are associated with greater risk for filter complications and more difficulty with filter retrievals. Recent findings suggest that complications are more frequent in the f...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - January 25, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Prenatal Detection of Congenital Heart Disease: the Past, Present, and Future
AbstractPurpose of reviewPrenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) is continuously evolving with each passing decade. Early efforts in fetal cardiology focused on identifying CHD in mid-gestation and understanding of fetal circulation in pathologic conditions. Improving prenatal detection rates for CHD remains an ongoing challenge and increasingly the field of fetal cardiology is moving to not only diagnosing CHD prenatally but also assessing the impact of prenatal diagnosis of CHD outcomes. Future directions include earlier diagnosis of fetal CHD, improved diagnostic rates, widespread sonographer education, and...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - January 22, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Updates on the Role of Imaging in Cardiac Amyloidosis
AbstractPurpose of reviewImaging of cardiac amyloidosis has traditionally been hindered by nonspecific findings or diagnosis late in disease. Recent imaging techniques aim to address these gaps.Recent findingsT1 mapping, extracellular volume (ECV) quantification, myocardial strain imaging, positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), bone-seeking agents, and cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) are a few of the imaging modalities and techniques used to image cardiac amyloidosis. Many offer the possibility of earlier cardiac amyloidosis detection. PET/CT and bone-seeking agents may allow for quantifi...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - January 16, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Outcomes and Procedural Considerations for Women Undergoing PCI
AbstractPurpose of reviewWomen continue to be underrepresented in cardiovascular studies, while heart disease remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity in women as in men. In this review, we explore the differences in presentation, characteristics, and treatment of women presenting for coronary intervention for stable coronary disease or acute coronary syndromes.Recent findingsRecent, large meta-analyses of clinical trials have shown that the sex differences in outcomes after non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome are attenuated after thorough adjustment for baseline comorbidities, but worse outcomes and more comp...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - January 16, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Digital Health Applications in Heart Failure: a Critical Appraisal of Literature
AbstractPurpose of the reviewDespite advancements in the diagnostic and therapeutic armamentarium, heart failure (HF) remains a major public health concern in the USA and worldwide. Digital health applications hold promise to bridge this gap and improve HF care. This review will provide the reader with a concise overview of the current digital health applications in HF, the main challenges to its use, and discuss the future of digital health for promoting care for HF patients.Recent findingsEmerging evidence continues to support the potential role of digital health across the continuum of HF disease process including prima...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - January 16, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

The Impact of Depression and Anxiety on Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Outcomes in Women
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDepression and anxiety are known to potentiate cardiovascular disease and result in worse outcomes. These disorders disproportionately affect women. The purpose of this review is to examine the impact of depression and anxiety on cardiovascular outcomes in women.Recent FindingsDepression, anxiety, and psychosocial stressors work through a number of mechanisms to decrease health behavior engagement and increase cardiovascular risk in women. Ultimately, this leads to worsened quality of life, cardiovascular morbidity, and mortality among affected women. Notably, because these conditions are more prev...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - January 16, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Preventive Cardio-Oncology: Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Cancer Patients and Survivors
AbstractPurposeTo review the most common forms of cardiovascular toxicities from anti-cancer drugs, with a focus on their prevention via cardioprotective pharmacologic or lifestyle therapy, risk factors management, screening, monitoring, and surveillance methods.Recent findingsThere are almost 20 million cancer survivors in the USA, and their leading cause of death besides cancer recurrence or a secondary cancer is cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVD is prevalent in this population, with the most common forms being cardiomyopathy, ischemia, atrial fibrillation, and hypertension from cancer drugs or radiation therapy. The fie...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - January 4, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine Arrhythmia Section From the His Bundle to the Left Bundle: Clinical Applications of Conduction System Pacing
ConclusionCSP seeks to engage the His-Purkinje system either at the His bundle or the proximal fascicular system. Available data support a role for CSP in patients with bradyarrhythmia indications, and with growing experience in CRT applications. Present data best supports HBP, but LBBAP and LVSP may serve as alternative routes for CSP going forward. (Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine)
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - January 4, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Multimodality Imaging in the Evaluation and Treatment of Pulmonary Valve Disorders
AbstractPurpose of reviewTo discuss the epidemiology of pulmonary valve (PV) disorders, anatomy and pathology of the PV, and current treatment strategies for PV disorders with special attention to the patient with congenital heart disease. The focus will be on utilization of multimodality imaging methods including echocardiography, cardiac CT, and MRI in the evaluation and management of PV disorders.Recent findingsThe PV is affected in a myriad of congenital and acquired conditions, leading to stenotic, regurgitant, or mixed lesions. In addition to echocardiography, imaging modalities such as cardiac magnetic resonance ima...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - January 2, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research