Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Counseling Women With Peripartum Cardiomyopathy About Subsequent Pregnancies
AbstractPurpose of reviewPeripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a potentially catastrophic form of heart failure caused by left ventricular systolic dysfunction that develops during pregnancy or in the early postpartum period. After the initial diagnosis and treatment, many women desire another pregnancy; however, risks of a subsequent pregnancy need to be considered, as PPCM may lead to significant adverse outcomes for both mother and fetus. The goal of this review is to provide information about risk stratification prior to subsequent pregnancy, strategies to mitigate the risk of subsequent pregnancy, and long-term maternal...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - May 5, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Machine Learning Applications in Heart Failure Disease Management: Hype or Hope?
AbstractPurpose of the reviewMachine learning (ML) approaches have emerged as powerful tools in medicine. This review focuses on the use ML to assess risk of events in patients with heart failure (HF). It provides an overview of the ML process, challenges in developing risk scores, and strategies to mitigate problems.Recent findingsRisk scores developed using standard statistical methods have limited accuracy, particularly when they are applied to populations other than the one in which they were developed. Computerized ML algorithms which identify correlations between descriptive variables in complex, non-linear, multi-di...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - May 5, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Novel Therapies in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: from Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase Stimulators to Cardiac Myosin Activators
AbstractPurpose of reviewIn this review, our goal was to provide a brief background on the evolution of therapeutic targets for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), summarize the results of recent clinical trials with diverse pharmacological targets, discuss potential limitations of these findings, and provide future perspectives.Recent findingsDespite advances in pharmacological and device therapy, HFrEF still carries a considerably high morbidity and mortality. For the past four decades, the neurohormonal model has been pivotal in the development of efficacious pharmacotherapies for HFrEF. However, recen...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - March 26, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Invasive Hemodynamic and Metabolic Evaluation of HFpEF
AbstractPurpose of reviewHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex and heterogeneous condition of multiple causes, characterized by a clinical syndrome resulting from elevated left ventricular filling pressures, with an apparently unimpaired left ventricular systolic function. Although HFpEF has been long recognized as a distinct entity with significant morbidity for patients, its diagnosis remains challenging to this day. In recent years, few diagnostic algorithms have been postulated to aid in the identification of this condition. Invasive hemodynamic and metabolic evaluation is often warranted ...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - March 26, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Management of In-laboratory Cardiopulmonary Arrest
AbstractPurpose of reviewThe purpose of this review is to update the reader on the risk factors, causes, and mechanisms for cardiac arrest in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. In addition, the review provides a summary of recently published data specifically pertaining to the management of in-lab cardiac arrest.Recent findingsThe incidence of cardiac arrest in unselected patients undergoing cardiac catheterization is approximately 0.5%. ST elevation myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock account for the majority of cases. Pulseless electrical activity is the most common initial rhythm. Mechanical chest compressi...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - March 23, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
New Approaches to Donor Selection and Preparation in Heart Transplantation
AbstractPurpose of reviewWith increasing survival of patients with stage D heart failure, the demand for heart transplantation has increased. The supply of donor hearts remains relatively limited. Strategies have been investigated and new technologies have been developed to expand the current donor pool. These new approaches will be discussed herein.Recent findingsDonor hearts are often considered “marginal” due to risk factors such as older age, size mismatch with the intended recipient, prolonged ischemic time, presence of left ventricular hypertrophy, and hepatitis B/C infection. We reviewed recent data regarding th...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - March 23, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
A Critical Review of Hemodynamically Guided Therapy for Cardiogenic Shock: Old Habits Die Hard
AbstractPurpose of reviewHere, we review the importance of using hemodynamic data to guide therapy and risk stratification in cardiogenic shock as well as the various definitions of this syndrome that have been used in prior studies. Furthermore, we provide perspective regarding the controversy surrounding pulmonary artery (PA) catheter use as well as current society guidelines and scientific statements. Lastly, we review the technical aspects for accurate interpretation of data of cardiogenic shock.Recent findingsMore recent studies specifically evaluating cardiogenic shock patients have shown higher mortality when PA cat...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - March 23, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Cardiac Testing in Search for Occult Atrial Fibrillation after Ischemic Stroke
AbstractPurpose of reviewDetermining the etiology of ischemic stroke is critical to administering targeted therapy to prevent recurrent stroke and further neurologic deterioration. Ischemic strokes of cardioembolic and cryptogenic etiologies are frequent and are often ultimately attributed to atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the paroxysmal nature of AF presents challenges for accurate and timely detection to prevent a recurrent stroke. The purpose of this review is to evaluate serologic, electrographic, echocardiographic, and radiologic markers of AF after an ischemic stroke.Recent findingsInnovative applications of biot...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - March 23, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Case Selection During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Who Should Go to the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory?
AbstractPurpose of reviewTo summarize the best available evidence and recommendations regarding case selection for cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic with emphasis on ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) management.Recent findingsThe restructuring of cardiovascular services to preserve hospital beds and personal protective equipment during the COVID-19 pandemic had a profound effect on healthcare delivery around the world with unintended consequences. In the United States, a significant 38% reduction in CCL activations for STEMI was noted in the ea...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - March 18, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Contemporary Cardiovascular Imaging Advancements and Social Media
AbstractPurpose of reviewSocial media (SoMe) as a means of knowledge dissemination has grown significantly in cardiovascular imaging in recent years. This media platform allows for a free exchange of ideas, the development of new communities, and the ability to disseminate advancements rapidly. While the social media platforms offer limitless potential, their public domain necessitates several important suggestions around best practices.Recent findingsIn cardiovascular imaging, specific hashtags have emerged to encompass the major modalities to include #EchoFirst, #YesCCT, #WhyCMR, and #CVNuc. Cardiovascular imaging journa...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - March 15, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Multimodality Imaging of Cardiac Trauma
AbstractPurpose of reviewThe purpose of this article is to review the imaging findings of blunt and penetrating traumatic cardiac injury.Recent findingsDue to its speed of acquisition and ready availability, multidetector CT has become the gold standard for imaging of both blunt and penetrating cardiac trauma. Echocardiography is the first-line modality for evaluation of the valves. While magnetic resonance imaging provides the most comprehensive examination, it should only be utilized for problem solving or follow-up.SummaryCardiac traumatic injury is a rare entity that may result in significant adverse clinical outcomes....
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - March 15, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Evaluation and Management of Pulmonic Valve Disease
AbstractPurpose of reviewThe goal of this review is to provide information about the causes, consequences, exam, echocardiographic findings, and guideline-based treatment options for pulmonic valve lesions.Recent findingsBalloon pulmonic valvuloplasty and surgical valve replacement are the primary treatment options for hemodynamically significant stenosis and regurgitation, respectively. Transcatheter pulmonic valve replacement has emerged as a treatment option for select native valve lesions or dysfunctional surgical conduits.SummarySymptoms of pulmonic valve disease can be overlooked, and long-term effects on right ventr...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - March 15, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Advances in Mapping and Ablation of Ventricular Fibrillation
AbstractPurpose of reviewCatheter ablation of ventricular fibrillation (VF) is challenging due to the difficulty in interpreting fibrillatory electrograms and the complete hemodynamic collapse with VF precluding detailed mapping. Successful ablation can be performed by eliminating triggers of VF. We review the contemporary advances in VF ablation, especially targeting the substrate for VF.Recent findingsStrategies to map and eliminate the substrate for VF can be applied generally, even in the absence of a reliable trigger. VF substrate can be mapped during sinus rhythm with signature low-voltage, fractionated, and late ele...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - March 12, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
New Hemodynamic Insights in Pulmonary Vascular Disease and Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
AbstractPurpose of reviewPatients often present with a mixed phenotype of pulmonary vascular disease and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Identifying the exact hemodynamic culprits in such cases has important therapeutic implications. This review discusses the hemodynamic characterization and treatment options in patients with pulmonary vascular disease, HFpEF, and their combination.Recent findingsThe threshold for pulmonary hypertension (PH) has been lowered toward a mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP)> 20 mmHg at rest.Exercise-induced PH is defined as mPAP> 30 mmHg during exercise wit...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - February 22, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Structural Transcatheter Cardiac Interventions in the Cardio-Oncology Population
AbstractPurpose of reviewModern cancer therapies have resulted in prolonged survival and decreased mortality for many types of cancer. Consequently, cancer patients with concomitant cardiovascular disease (CVD) present prior to diagnosis of cancer, resulting from various forms of cancer therapy, or developing after cancer remission are at higher risk for development of cardiovascular-associated morbidity and mortality. Management of CVD, particularly structural heart disease, in this patient population is challenging and associated with elevated surgical risk. Minimally invasive transcatheter procedures have emerged as low...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine - February 22, 2021 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
