The Age of Artificial Intelligence: Use of Digital Technology in Clinical Nutrition
AbstractPurpose of reviewComputing advances over the decades have catalyzed the pervasive integration of digital technology in the medical industry, now followed by similar applications for clinical nutrition. This review discusses the implementation of such technologies for nutrition, ranging from the use of mobile apps and wearable technologies to the development of decision support tools for parenteral nutrition and use of telehealth for remote assessment of nutrition.Recent findingsMobile applications and wearable technologies have provided opportunities for real-time collection of granular nutrition-related data. Mach...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - June 8, 2021 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Working Through the Pain: Surgical Culture and Musculoskeletal Injury
AbstractPurpose of ReviewErgonomic injury occurs in all surgeons in varying degrees and at different times in their career. These occupational injuries are the result of suboptimal ergonomic conditions in the operating room, lack of appropriate ergonomic training and resources, failure to monitor and report ergonomic injuries, and the increasing paradigm of productivity which encourages surgeons to push through physical discomfort.Recent FindingsOccupational injuries in surgery can be prevented or decreased through education and institutional commitment. Surgeons, surgical educators, and administrators responsible for the ...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - June 2, 2021 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Do ’s and Don’t’s for the Leaking Gastrostomy tube
This article aims to discuss the causes of gastrostomy tube leak (including percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube leak) and effective strategies to manage it.Recent FindingsChoosing the appropriate solution for a gastrostomy tube leak is not always intuitive. For example, placing a gastrostomy tube that is larger in size through the same tract is not really helpful. Prevention of stoma leakage can be targeted by methods such as appropriately managing patients ’ underlying comorbidities. An exciting advancement in treating gastrostomy tube leaks is the use of endoscopic clips and sutures.SummaryGastrostomy tube leakage...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - June 2, 2021 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia: Revascularization Versus Primary Amputation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis discussion will review and investigate the indications for amputation, specifically for primary amputation (amputation performed without an attempt at a limb salvage revascularization procedure) in lower extremity chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). We will further investigate the results of lower extremity revascularization and discuss the factors that are associated with an adverse outcome after revascularization. In this way, we will define when primary amputation may be warranted or, minimally, should be strongly considered over what may be overtly futile attempts at limb salvage pro...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - May 29, 2021 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Current Management of Acute Pulmonary Embolism
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review article is to analyze the current information about diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and interventional therapies regarding pulmonary embolism (PE) treatment. In addition to review the outcomes obtained by pulmonary embolism response teams.Recent FindingsSeveral important contributions in the PE management have been recently published. New scoring systems, such as the PERC rule and YEARS, are used to effectively rule out PE; and stratification scores such as Bova and Hestia were validated. New evidence was favorable to support the use of direct oral anticoagulants in morb...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - May 21, 2021 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Contemporary Management of Ruptured Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
AbstractRepair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (RAAAs) is the pinnacle of emergent vascular surgical operations. Traditionally, open surgical reconstruction was the mainstay of treatment. Professional societal recommendations have shifted towards an endovascular first approach for treatment of RAAAs, mirroring trends in elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. This review seeks to highlight the influence of newly published literature on the current treatment paradigm. Significant research progress has been made since publication of these guidelines —further bolstering support for large-scale adoption of endovasc...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - May 21, 2021 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Diversity in Surgery: A Historical, International, and Contemporary Perspective
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe major challenges to entry and advancement in surgical careers encountered by women and by underrepresented minority (URM) groups are sadly centuries old problems. Despite relatively recent recognition of significant disparities in equity and equality and under-representation in surgery, these unacceptable problems persist. The traditional lack of diversity seems to have persisted longer and in a more apparent way in surgery than in other disciplines within medicine and as compared to other professions. It is well recognized that diversity is a major workplace asset as attested to by a myriad of...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - April 30, 2021 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
New Technologies in Bony Reconstruction of Complex Head and Neck Defects
AbstractPurpose of ReviewVascularized bone free flaps are a fundamental tool in complex head and neck reconstruction. While the principles of bony reconstruction have largely remained unchanged, technological innovations have permeated reconstructive paradigms over the past four decades. The purpose of this review is to summarize new technology in bony reconstruction for head and neck defects.Recent FindingsNumerous innovations have been described and offer significant improvements in functional outcomes, accuracy and reliability of bony reconstruction. These include optimization in surgical positioning facilitating improv...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - April 29, 2021 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Primary Endoscopic Treatments for Obesity
This article reviews the novel and traditional EBTs and their corresponding supportive data for the primary treatment of obesity. Also, we provide insightful personal perspectives on the future of endoluminal bariatric therapies. (Source: Current Surgery Reports)
Source: Current Surgery Reports - April 19, 2021 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Strategies to Increase Diversity in Surgical Residency
AbstractPurposeResidency programs are now more than ever attuned to the need to create a more diverse surgical workforce and combat the structural barriers that may prevent entry and retention of trainees from diverse backgrounds. The following provides several evidence-based strategies programs can implement to achieve their diversity, equity, and inclusion goals.Recent FindingsStrategies to increase diversity span the recruitment, selection, and ongoing support phases of the trainee lifecycle. Ensuring sufficient and accurate information on program websites and strategic recruitment strategies with schools graduating hig...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - April 19, 2021 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Emergency General Surgery (EGS) Risk Stratification Scores
AbstractIntroductionRisk stratification is an important metric for a mature surgical system. It not only is the development of comparative outcome data but serves as an important tool for is a tool for goal concordant care discussions with patients. As we move to an Emergency General Surgery (EGS) regional system that mirrors the existing trauma system risk stratification will allow for triage of high-r isk patients to receive appropriate preoperative and postoperative care. Evidence has shown that the EGS population has unique physiology with markedly different outcomes than their elective counterparts. The tools we use...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - April 5, 2021 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Whole Blood Resuscitation for Pediatric Trauma: Why We Must Move Forward
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo outline the current state of whole blood transfusion in pediatric trauma. To discuss the potential risks and benefits of this product for the child in hemorrhagic shock.Recent FindingsWhole blood has significant benefits when compared to balanced component transfusions for hemorrhage. In adults, limited studies investigating the use of type O low-titer whole blood have found it to be safe, and with equivalent clinical and laboratory outcomes when compared to balanced component strategies. Such studies have lacked the power to demonstrate superiority. In children, the experience in trauma is exce...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - March 29, 2021 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Common Injury Patterns from Standing Motorized Scooter Crashes
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWith the rising popularity of standing motorized scooters in major cities in the United States, many hospitals are experiencing a surge of traumatic injuries associated with this new mode of transportation. The impact and characteristics of injuries associated with standing motorized scooters are evolving, and safety regulations for the riders are poorly defined. There is a need for a review for healthcare providers and policy makers on this topic.Recent FindingsSince its market introduction of rentable standing motorized scooters in late 2017, there has been an exponential rise in emergency depart...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - March 9, 2021 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Long-Term Implications of GERD After Sleeve Gastrectomy
AbstractPurpose of reviewTo review the relationship between obesity and Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and study rates and implications of GERD diagnosis before and after Laparoscopic Sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass (LRYGB).Recent findingsObesity is one of the major risk factors for GERD, and GERD is common in patients seeking bariatric surgery. GERD outcomes are superior with LRYGB compared to LSG, and de novo GERD and Barrett ’s esophagus have been reported after LSG. Prevention and treatment strategies for GERD and Barrett’s esophagus after LSG are under scrutiny.SummaryDeterminatio...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - February 15, 2021 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Surgical Treatment Options of Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema
AbstractPurposeLymphedema after cancer treatment is a progressive, debilitating condition that is becoming increasingly common as mortality rates decline. The purpose of this review is to summarize the evolution of treatment of lymphedema focusing on surgical management and outcomes.Recent FindingsWith the development of supermicrosurgical techniques and advanced imaging technology, surgical treatment of lymphedema has evolved past reductive measures and sought to address the underlying pathophysiology. Particularly in breast cancer-related lymphedema, our group follows a novel algorithm to address both the autologous brea...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - February 3, 2021 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
