Virtual Surgical Planning in Orthognathic Surgery
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe traditional model surgery (TMS) used historically in orthognathic surgery planning is susceptible to compounded human and material error and leads to increased cost and time expenditures. Virtual surgical planning (VSP) provides the ability to visualize surgical movements in 3D and has significant advantages compared TMS.Recent FindingsUsing VSP, surgical movements are planned in 3D, allowing enhanced visualization of the anatomical changes induced by surgical movements. CAD/CAM technology allows for the production of surgical guides in the form of occlusal splints or, more recently, custom pat...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - January 27, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Learning to Teach: A Review of Peri-Procedural Teaching and Assessment in General Surgery
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWith the continued growth of the field of surgery, procedural education must be prioritized. The aim of this article is to review methods for procedural teaching as well as tools for operative performance assessment.Recent FindingsThere are many techniques for approaching peri-procedural education, all of which have their advantages and disadvantages. Currently, data suggest that trainees and educators do not regularly engage in peri-procedural educational discussion. Regarding assessment, immediate post-procedural feedback is recommended. This should be for single, directly observed encounters, an...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - January 4, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Robotic Pancreatic Surgery: Current Status and Techniques
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis narrative and review provide a focus review of the status of robotic pancreatic surgery based on recent literature and on senior author ’s experience, including indications, benefits, and techniques, for robotic pancreatic surgery.Recent FindingsRobotic pancreatic surgery has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential benefits in terms of safety, feasibility, and improved surgical outcomes. A literature review of recent updates and controversies in robotic pancreatic surgery is presented, including recent evidence favoring the robotic approach in distal pancreatectomy ...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - December 19, 2023 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
A Review of Energy Modalities Used for Focal Therapy of Prostate Cancer
AbstractPurpose of ReviewProstate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent cancer among men that needs effective treatment approaches. Traditionally, PCa was managed through whole-gland radical therapy or Active Surveillance. However, the field has witnessed a notable shift towards less invasive treatment options. Focal prostate ablation has emerged as a promising method for PCa treatment, using a range of energy modalities, each with its unique mechanism and proven efficacy in different settings. This review aims to discuss the different energy modalities used for focal therapy of prostate cancer, their mechanism of action, and clinic...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - November 28, 2023 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Surgical Management of Testicular Cancer
AbstractPurpose of ReviewSurgery plays a critical role in the management of patients with testicular cancer. Nearly all patients will undergo a radical inguinal orchiectomy; however, the technique and utilization of additional surgical procedures such as retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) continues to evolve.Recent FindingsMicroRNAs (especially miR-371a-3p) are emerging as promising biomarkers for germ cell tumors in diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and recurrence prediction. Emerging data support the role of primary RPLND in the management of low volume metastatic seminoma with minimal long-term morbidity. Thou...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - November 15, 2023 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Global Urology: A Review of Global Urologic Initiatives and Future Opportunities
This article reviews current urologic and urogynecologic efforts in global surgery and opportunities for future impact.Recent FindingsNumerous global surgery organizations exist with focus on urologic and urogynecologic care. We provide an overview of these organizations, with focus on program goals, impact, and differences in program types (surgical care delivery, education, research, and advocacy).SummaryGiven the significant interest in global health, the urologic and urogynecologic communities are well-positioned to help improve surgical infrastructure in LMIC and for the 5 billion people lacking access to surgical, ob...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - September 30, 2023 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Surgical Stabilization of the Chest Wall: Patient Selection and Timing
AbstractPurpose of ReviewSurgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) is being used with increasing frequency, with broadened indications and proven therapeutic benefit. The following will focus on appropriate patient selection and ideal timing of repair, highlighting patients and injury patterns most likely to benefit from SSRF.Recent FindingsRecent enthusiasm for SSRF has occurred due to expansion beyond the traditionally accepted indication of flail chest, including many other injury patterns, radiographic findings, and physiologic variables. This has led to increased data for analysis of outcomes in SSRF, allowing cr...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - August 23, 2023 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Burnout in the Surgical Culture: Exploring Inciting Factors and Promoting Possible Interventions
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPhysician burnout has been directly tied to poor patient outcomes and financial loss, and the surgical field is associated with a relatively higher rate of burnout compared to other specialties. Surgeon burnout is thus a public health issue that needs to be explored and addressed.Recent FindingsMultiple factors in the surgical culture contribute to burnout, including the workplace environment, demands of patient care, and ingrained mindsets and expectations. Broadly, these can be grouped into physical, mental, and emotional insults. Previously, the focus on how to reduce surgeon burnout is by chang...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - August 21, 2023 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Update on Management of Overactive Bladder
AbstractPurpose of ReviewOveractive bladder (OAB) is an extremely common condition with rising incidence and increasing economic and quality-of-life burdens. Management is rapidly and constantly evolving, and this review aims to discuss recent developments in context to achieve a comprehensive overview of modern OAB treatment options.Recent FindingsThis review focuses on growing evidence for the efficacy of conservative measures including pelvic physical floor therapy and lifestyle modification. We also discuss recent developments in pharmacology that are reshaping the treatment landscape for patients refractory to first-l...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - August 3, 2023 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Robotics in Pediatric Urology- History, Evolution, and Future Directions
AbstractPurpose of ReviewRobotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery (RALS) has revolutionized pediatric urology over the last two decades. This review will detail the history and evolution of urologic pediatric robotic surgery from a global perspective and discuss the ways in which this unique surgical platform continues to grow.Recent FindingsNumerous outcome studies have been performed to compare postoperative complications of robotic-assisted surgery to its laparoscopic and open counterparts, with promising results. Still, the cost efficacy, training, and dissemination of such new techniques remain a challenge. Further, ther...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - July 31, 2023 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Overview of Surgical Management of Urinary Incontinence
AbstractPurpose of ReviewStress and urgency urinary incontinence are burdensome conditions that have large effects on the quality of life of patients, along with having a high-cost burden on the United States healthcare system. Though conservative therapies are first line, surgical management is an excellent option for when symptoms fail to improve. This review will summarize guideline-supported surgical techniques for urinary incontinence and discuss emerging therapies undergoing development.Recent FindingsGuideline supported options for stress urinary incontinence include injection of bulking agents, midurethral slings, ...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - July 11, 2023 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Current Surgery Reports Challenges in Liver Allocation
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAdvances in liver transplantation have revolutionized the treatment for patients with end-stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Principles of organ allocation include ensuring equity, prioritizing the sickest, and ensuring maximal benefit to the recipient.Recent FindingsThe allocation and distribution of liver transplants have also evolved over the decades but there remain significant challenges. Current practices for allocation include the use of the MELD score to determine the priority listing, while distribution is governed by geographic acuity circles based on nautical miles from a ...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - June 27, 2023 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Racial Disparities in the Outcomes of Bariatric Surgery
AbstractPurpose of ReviewRacial disparities in surgical outcomes have been identified in multiple fields including bariatric surgery. Obesity and metabolic co-morbidities often affect racial minorities to a greater extent than Caucasian patients; however, the impact of bariatric surgery is often dampened. The purpose of this review is to evaluate possible racial difference in bariatric surgery outcomes.Recent FindingsObesity is a national epidemic which disproportionately affects racial minorities. Bariatric surgery, while safe and effective, has been shown to result in variable outcomes depending on the race of the patien...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - June 23, 2023 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Damage Control in Trauma: Where Have We Been and Where Are We Going?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDamage control surgery has been a widely used concept in the trauma settings. Over the years it has found wider acceptance in the abdominal surgery, especially in the scenarios where it is difficult to establish the demarcation of ischemia in the intestine. This concept seems to be over-representation of staged surgery especially now when we have state of the art equipment, monitoring and critical care resources available.Recent FindingsOver the years there have been advances in the biochemical profiling and the critical care support. Is damage control still a valid option in the field of surgery. ...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - June 22, 2023 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Current Approaches to the Management of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
AbstractPurpose of ReviewPancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest malignancies in the United States and the world. The Current standard of treatment fails to provide a durable response, and ongoing investigations are focused on developing novel local and systemic therapies. About a third of patients have locally advanced pancreatic cancer at the time of diagnosis and are considered unresectable. This review aims to summarize current standards and recent advancements in the management of locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) and highlight areas for further advancement.Recent FindingsFOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine-based che...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - June 2, 2023 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
