Pediatric Trauma —Not Just Little Adults-Part 2: Differences in Radiographic Workup and Management
AbstractPurpose of ReviewAdult trauma centers and community hospitals often evaluate and manage pediatric trauma patients. The goal of this manuscript is to discuss current imaging guidelines while highlighting relevant differences in management between pediatric and adult trauma patients, as well as transfer considerations for definitive care at a pediatric trauma center when warranted.Recent FindingsChildren have an inherent vulnerability to the potentially harmful effects of ionizing radiation due to their developing tissues and longer life expectancy. Studies have reported that pediatric trauma patients treated at non-...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - April 23, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Determination of Quality in Training Programs Based on Outcomes and Data
AbstractPurpose of ReviewMeasuring quality of surgical training programs is fundamental in recruitment, program improvement, and accreditation. There are several resources available that can provide useful data and information for programs, medical students, and preliminary residents to evaluate program quality. The purpose of this review is to summarize both public and private data.Recent FindingsPrivately available data largely consist of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) resident and faculty surveys, Letter of Notification, and Case Log reports as well as the American Board of Surgery (ABS) In...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - April 22, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
E-learning Supporting Surgical Training in Low-Resource Settings
AbstractPurpose of ReviewSurgical training is most needed in low-resource settings (LRSs) worldwide. Technological advances provide new tools to expand and enhance surgical training in these settings. Accessible technologies such as e-learning can achieve an immediate impact on training.Recent FindingsLRS trainees regard both e-learning resources specifically designed for their context, and those designed for other contexts, as valuable. However, LRS trainees have some specific learning needs which are best addressed through LRS learner-centred content. Challenges to creating valuable educational experiences include infras...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - April 20, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Gender Affirming Surgeries of the Trunk
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review aims to explore the current concept, techniques, outcomes and safety of gender affirming surgeries of the trunk for transgender and gender non-conforming individuals.Recent FindingsGender affirming surgery is increasingly becoming more accessible to patients with gender dysphoria. Chest surgery is the most popular form with various surgical techniques that one can utilize. It is critical for operating surgeons to understand the nuances of these procedures when compared to cis-gender body contouring procedures. Recent outcome data show that these procedures are safe and well tolerated wi...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - April 12, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Evolution of Bariatric Robotic Surgery: Revolutionizing Weight Loss Procedures
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo review the historical development of bariatric surgery and how robotic technology has transformed the field. This review will also address the current state of bariatric robotic surgery, including the latest advancements in technology and techniques. It will discuss the evidence supporting robotics in weight loss surgery and the impact on patient outcomes and recovery.Recent FindingsThere is a trend showing that the robotic approach is effective in patients with a high BMI, previous gastrointestinal surgeries and for revisional bariatric surgery. Moreover, it has shown less conversion rates and ...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - April 10, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Geographical Considerations in Training Pediatric Surgeons for Low- and Middle-Income Countries
AbstractPurpose of ReviewSurgical education in and for low- and middle-income countries is expanding in recent years. An increase in training programs corresponds to an increase in graduates and the stakes are high for these graduates to be successful.Recent FindingsSpecialty pediatric surgical training on the continent of Africa has expanded significantly in the last 5 years. The authors work or were trained in a Kenyan pediatric surgery training program founded in 2007. Literature is sparse on best practices in candidate selection, and we seek to share lessons learned from the success of our graduates.SummaryWe propose...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - April 10, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Efficiency in Microvascular Breast Reconstruction
AbstractPurpose of ReviewEfficiency in microsurgical breast reconstruction is becoming increasingly critical. With the increasing incidence of breast cancer diagnoses and the evolving landscape of healthcare, optimizing operative efficiency is imperative. This review explores various aspects of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative processes to enhance value and streamline care.Recent FindingsRecent data reveal a shift toward autologous breast reconstruction over implant-based techniques, primarily due to better long-term outcomes and reduced risks. However, prolonged operative times have been a significant drawb...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - April 8, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Robotic Rectal Cancer Surgery: Current Controversies
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review evaluates the current literature on robotic surgery for rectal cancer and discusses ongoing controversies related to outcomes, training, adoption, and cost-effectiveness.Recent FindingsRobotic rectal surgery is associated with some benefits in short-term outcomes such as lower conversions compared to laparoscopy but also substantially higher costs. Data on long-term oncologic outcomes are still limited. Studies are inconsistent regarding benefits in margin positivity and other metrics. There is significant variability in training practices and adoption rates globally.SummaryRobotic rect...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - April 5, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Advances in Surgical Lymphedema Management: The Emergence and Refinement of Lymph Node-to-Vein Anastomosis (LNVA)
We describe the unique advantages of LNVA compared to other lymphatic surgical approaches, particularly its effectiveness in managing the fluid component of lymphedema with minimal trauma. Our method, marked by rigorous preoperative planning and surgical precision, consistently delivers favorable outcomes. Additionally, we explore the systemic therapeutic benefits of LNVA, showcasing its capacity for providing not only local but also widespread systemic improvements in patients.SummaryOur LNVA technique is a testament to the ongoing evolution and refinement of surgical techniques in the field of lymphedema management. (Sou...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - March 28, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Single-Anastomosis Duodeno-ileal Bypass with Sleeve Gastrectomy as an Ultimate Option for Diabetics with Severe Obesity: A Scoping Review
This study provides a synthesis and summary of literature evidence on single-anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) as a treatment option for severe obesity in diabetes using a scoping review method.Recent FindingsThe review included seventeen relevant studies on SADI-S identified from PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar, from 2010 to 2023. Recent studies have consistently shown that SADI-S leads to significant weight reduction, with an average excess weight loss of 60 –80% within one year. Moreover, diabetes remission rates range from 60 to 90%, accompanied by improvements in metabo...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - March 18, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
The Role of Reconstructive Surgery in Lower Extremity Soft Tissue Sarcoma
AbstractPurpose of ReviewSoft tissue sarcomas (STS) are relatively rare cancers, commonly occurring in the extremities. Over the last decades a shift in the treatment of extremity STS has occurred, from limb amputations toward so-called limb salvage surgery (LSS). This review provides an overview of the current surgical treatment options for lower extremity STS and how the role of reconstructive surgery may evolve in the coming years toward optimizing functional outcomes and improving the quality of life in these patients.Recent FindingsRecent research has shown that having a low threshold for advanced reconstructive techn...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - March 13, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Identification of Preoperative Risk Factors for the Development of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy: A Systematic Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the current literature and identify all known preoperative risk factors associated with an increased incidence of cardiac allograft vasculopathy.Recent FindingsA total of 7 independent preoperative risk factors for cardiac allograft vasculopathy were identified, namelyT. gondii seropositivity (HR 4.39, 1.26 –15.62,p < 0.02), elevated body mass index (HR 1.116, 1.015–1.23,p < 0.02), 2–1 haptoglobin phenotype (HR 2.73, 1.03–7.19,p < 0.01), elevated low-density lipoproteins (OR 2.14, 1.02–4.46,p < 0.04), sin...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - March 13, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Innovations in Molecular Biomarkers and Biomaterial-Based Immunotherapies for Head & amp; Neck Cancer
AbstractPurpose of ReviewOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) survival rates have remained stagnant due to a lack of targeted therapies and diagnostic tools. Patient risk is currently determined solely through clinicopathologic features, primarily tumor staging, which lacks the necessary precision to stratify patients by risk and accurately dictate adjuvant treatment. Similarly, conventional OSCC therapies have well-established toxicities and limited efficacy.Recent FindingsRecent studies show that patient risk can now be assessed using non-invasive techniques, at earlier time points, and with greater accuracy using molecul...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - February 28, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Mentorship in Surgery: Best Practices for Mentor –Mentee Relationships
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review aims to examine the relevant literature regarding mentorship in surgery, especially, but not limited to, mentorship of residents and early career faculty, and including the benefits of mentorship, qualities of ideal mentors and mentees, and the relationship of sponsorship to mentorship.Recent FindingsA wide range of modern mentorship models exists beyond the traditional dyadic mentor –mentee pair that was often established informally. These include structured formal mentorship programs, group mentorship, peer mentorship, distance mentorship, and mentorship across domains.SummaryA ment...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - February 26, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
Pancreatic Endocrine Insufficiency
AbstractPurpose of the ReviewThis review aims to consolidate the latest knowledge on type 3c diabetes mellitus (T3cDM) and its management and pancreatic endocrine insufficiency (PEI) as a sequela, primarily focusing on two etiologies: pancreatitis and pancreatectomy.Recent FindingsPEI is a consequence of pancreatogenic diabetes, a distinct type of diabetes mellitus also known as T3cDM. T3cDM develops secondary to diseases of the exocrine pancreas and has a unique pattern of metabolic and hormonal characteristics. Several exocrine pancreatic disorders and procedures including acute, relapsing, and chronic pancreatitis, panc...
Source: Current Surgery Reports - February 22, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research
