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Cardiac Perfusion and Innervation Assessment by CZT-SPECT: Have a Look to Simultaneous Dual-isotope Protocol
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review is to provide a summary on the status of the art of simultaneous perfusion-innervation imaging by CZT-SPECT and to clarify its potential applications in clinical practice.Recent FindingsIntroduction of CZT cameras represented a critical breakthrough in nuclear cardiology. Although it has been demonstrated that cardiac innervation may be easily assessed by CZT-SPECT, as for now, there are only few studies investigating cardiac perfusion and innervation with simultaneous dual-isotope imaging by CZT cameras.SummaryPerfusion and innervation assessment by CZT camera is a feasi...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports - May 23, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Echokardiography in ECLS
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this paper is to review the current role of echocardiography in the context of ECLS therapy.Recent FindingEchocardiography plays a central role in the context of ECLS therapy with regard to the indication, implantation, and therapy management.SummaryThe pathomechanisms that lead to the development of cardiogenic shock are individual, the interaction of different influences ʼ complex, so that ECLS therapy remains challenging. Due to its constant availability, echocardiography plays a key role here. The focus should be on the daily determination of robust parameters with low inter-ind...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports - March 23, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Novel Radiotracers for Molecular Imaging of Myocardial Inflammation: an Update Focused on Clinical Translation of Non-18F-FDG Radiotracers
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this paper is to provide a focused update on recent advances in non-18F-FDG radiotracers for myocardial inflammatory diseases, with a focus on cardiac sarcoidosis and myocarditis.Recent FindingsNovel radiotracers targeting molecular features of inflammation have the potential to visualize underlying molecular mechanisms key to the pathogenesis of inflammatory cardiomyopathies such as sarcoidosis and myocarditis. These radiotracers may provide unique opportunities for improved mechanistic insight, higher specificity, and better quantification of disease activity, as well as potential ...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports - March 9, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Case-Based Discussion:  Echocardiographic Assessment of Pulmonary Hypertension
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of the present work is to demonstrate how the application of echocardiography can be used for quantitative and qualitative assessment of the right heart size and function.Recent FindingsRight ventricular failure is a major determinant of outcomes in pulmonary arterial hypertension and can be evaluated with 2D and Doppler echocardiography.SummaryEchocardiography allows for the assessment of the right ventricular morphology, function, and hemodynamics. In this case-based review, we present a case of scleroderma-pulmonary arterial hypertension patient and discuss the implications of an ech...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports - March 1, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Imaging in Cardiac Sarcoidosis: Complementary Role of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and Cardiac Positron Emission Tomography
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this paper is to review the current role and future directions for cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and positron emission tomography (PET) in cardiac sarcoidosis (CS).Recent FindingsDue to their excellent capability to characterize myocardial inflammation and/or injury, advanced imaging techniques including CMR and PET have developed important and complementary roles in the diagnosis, prognostication, and monitoring of response to therapies in CS.SummaryCS is a multisystem granulomatous disorder in which the body ’s immune system mounts an inflammatory response within the myocardiu...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports - November 23, 2022 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

The Clinical Role of 2D and Doppler Echocardiography Artifacts: a Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTwo-dimensional (2D) echocardiography and Doppler echocardiography are important tools for cardiac evaluation unfortunately affected by artifacts, which can obscure pathology. Certain artifacts may be inevitable, but others can be diminished by changing the probe position.Recent FindingsCommon 2D imaging artifacts include shadowing and enhancement. There are a variety of reverberation artifacts, ranging from comet tail to mirroring, that result in atypical duplication. At the same time, device and electronic interference create unique interference patterns. Doppler imaging has its own specific arti...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports - November 17, 2022 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Echo-Based Hemodynamics to Help Guide Care in Cardiogenic Shock: a Review
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review is to discuss the value of echocardiography-based hemodynamic assessment for management of patients with acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock, with literature review of up-to-date clinical science in this area. To illustrate clinical utility, we describe a case of a 64-year-old male with cardiogenic shock requiring temporary mechanical support for whom echocardiography was used among other techniques for hemodynamic evaluation and management.Recent FindingsThere is a growing body of literature on the use of echocardiography for hemodynamic assessment of patients with...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports - November 12, 2022 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Update on CT Imaging of Left Ventricular Assist Devices and Associated Complications
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe purpose of this paper is to provide an update on the current role of computed tomography (CT) in the imaging of left ventricular assist devices (LVAD).Recent FindingsRecent studies continue to build on the prognostic role of measuring skeletal muscle CT attenuation in predicting adverse LVAD outcomes, and on the value of18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG PET-CT) in the evaluation of suspected LVAD infection. Though CT is very useful for the diagnosis of outflow graft obstruction, it often lacks the diagnostic capability to differentiate between intralum...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports - September 24, 2022 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Correction to: The Evolution of Virtual Physiologic Assessments and Virtual Coronary Intervention to Optimize Revascularization
(Source: Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports)
Source: Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports - August 23, 2022 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Insights into Myocardial Perfusion PET Imaging: the Coronary Flow Capacity
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe present work summarizes the clinical relevance of coronary flow capacity (CFC) with an eye on future perspectives.Recent findingsCFC concept has been recently introduced providing a comprehensive framework for coronary physiology evaluation.SummaryIt has been widely demonstrated that coronary artery disease (CAD) is a complex disease with a multifactorial etiology resulting from different pathogenic mechanisms. Cardiac positron emission tomography (PET) currently represents the gold standard for CAD assessment, providing absolute myocardial perfusion data including coronary flow reserve (CFR), ...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports - July 30, 2022 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for Myocardial Inflammation: Current State and Future Directions
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis paper summarizes the evolution of cardiac magnetic resonance for the diagnosis of myocarditis and the evidence supporting its use, and possible future directions for development.Recent FindingsThe development of non-invasive imaging techniques, with the possibility of tissue characterization by magnetic resonance imaging, has revolutionized the diagnosis of myocarditis.SummaryEndomyocardial biopsy (EMB) remains the gold standard in the diagnosis of myocardial inflammation. Cardiac magnetic resonance has emerged as the non-invasive diagnostic technique of choice. Classic Lake Louise criteria, i...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports - July 11, 2022 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Cardiac Imaging on COVID-19 Pandemic Era: the Stand, The Lost, and Found
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe present review will outline the main effects of COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular pathologies, focusing on the role of modern non-invasive cardiac imaging techniques in this setting.Recent FindingsMultimodality cardiac imaging seems particularly suited for the in-depth characterization of patients with COVID-19, allowing the assessment of the variegated impact of the disease on the different aspects of myocardial perfusion, structure, and function.SummaryThe infection of SARS-CoV-2, leading to the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), has represented a consistent challenge for the organization o...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports - May 28, 2022 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Prognostic Value of Serial Coronary CT Angiography in Atherosclerotic Plaque Modification: What Have We Learnt?
AbstractPurpose  of reviewTo provide an update and to outline the status of coronary computer tomography angiography (CCTA) in the evaluation of coronary plaques and discuss the relevance of serial CCTA in guiding cardiovascular risk stratification and anti-atherosclerotic medical therapy.Recent findingsCoronary CTA is now the imaging modality of choice in monitoring changes in coronary plaque. It has been used in innumerable clinical trials which have demonstrated the benefits of several therapeutic agents and has excellent correlation with previously used invasive imaging modalities. It is safe, fast, less cumbersome, a...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports - February 9, 2022 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Radiomics in Cardiovascular Disease Imaging: from Pixels to the Heart of the Problem
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review of the literature aims to present potential applications of radiomics in cardiovascular radiology and, in particular, in cardiac imaging.Recent FindingsRadiomics and machine learning represent a technological innovation which may be used to extract and analyze quantitative features from medical images. They aid in detecting hidden pattern in medical data, possibly leading to new insights in pathophysiology of different medical conditions. In the recent literature, radiomics and machine learning have been investigated for numerous potential applications in cardiovascular imaging. They ha...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports - January 27, 2022 Category: Radiology Source Type: research

Measure Twice, Cut Once: Adjunctive Physiology and Imaging in Left Main PCI
AbstractPurpose of ReviewWhile left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease is often evaluated based on angiographic findings, technical limitations of angiography or the presence of intermediate disease can make accurate lesion assessment difficult.Recent FindingsThe rise of intravascular imaging and functional assessment of coronary artery disease lesions over the past 20  years has greatly improved PCI outcomes, making it an acceptal alternative to CABG in selected patients and lesions (Class IIa recommendation, after multidisciplinary Heart-Team discussion). We reviewed the advances of intravascular imaging (IVUS and OCT)...
Source: Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports - December 11, 2021 Category: Radiology Source Type: research