Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Neuropathic Pain: Mechanisms, Sex Differences, and Potential Therapies for a Global Problem
Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2023 Jan 20;63:565-583. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051421-112259.ABSTRACTThe study of chronic pain continues to generate ever-increasing numbers of publications, but safe and efficacious treatments for chronic pain remain elusive. Recognition of sex-specific mechanisms underlying chronic pain has resulted in a surge of studies that include both sexes. A predominant focus has been on identifying sex differences, yet many newly identified cellular mechanisms and alterations in gene expression are conserved between the sexes. Here we review sex differences and similarities in cellular and molecu...
Source: Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology - January 20, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Shahrzad Ghazisaeidi Milind M Muley Michael W Salter Source Type: research

G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor GPER: Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutic Applications
Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2023 Jan 20;63:295-320. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-031122-121944.ABSTRACTThe actions of estrogens and related estrogenic molecules are complex and multifaceted in both sexes. A wide array of natural, synthetic, and therapeutic molecules target pathways that produce and respond to estrogens. Multiple receptors promulgate these responses, including the classical estrogen receptors of the nuclear hormone receptor family (estrogen receptors α and β), which function largely as ligand-activated transcription factors, and the 7-transmembrane G protein-coupled estrogen receptor, GPER, which activat...
Source: Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology - January 20, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jeffrey B Arterburn Eric R Prossnitz Source Type: research

Lipoxin Mimetics and the Resolution of Inflammation
Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2023 Jan 20;63:429-448. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051921-085407.ABSTRACTInflammation and its timely resolution are critical to ensure effective host defense and appropriate tissue repair after injury and or infection. Chronic, unresolved inflammation typifies many prevalent pathologies. The key mediators that initiate and drive the inflammatory response are well defined and targeted by conventional anti-inflammatory therapeutics. More recently, there is a growing appreciation that specific mediators, including arachidonate-derived lipoxins, are generated in self-limiting inflammatory respons...
Source: Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology - January 20, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Catherine Godson Patrick Guiry Eoin Brennan Source Type: research

Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphatases: No Longer Undruggable?
Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2023 Jan 20;63:617-636. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051921-121923.ABSTRACTPhosphatases and kinases maintain an equilibrium of dephosphorylated and phosphorylated proteins, respectively, that are required for critical cellular functions. Imbalance in this equilibrium or irregularity in their function causes unfavorable cellular effects that have been implicated in the development of numerous diseases. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) catalyze the dephosphorylation of protein substrates on tyrosine residues, and their involvement in cell signaling and diseases such as cancer and inflammatory...
Source: Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology - January 20, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Shanelle R Shillingford Anton M Bennett Source Type: research

Pros and Cons of Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Cardiovascular Health
Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2023 Jan 20;63:383-406. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051921-090208.ABSTRACTThe long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are found in seafood, supplements, and concentrated pharmaceutical preparations. Prospective cohort studies demonstrate an association between higher intakes of EPA+DHA or higher levels of EPA and DHA in the body and lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction, and of cardiovascular mortality in the general population. The cardioprotective effect of EPA and...
Source: Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology - January 20, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ivana Djuricic Philip C Calder Source Type: research

Roadmap for Achieving Universal Antiretroviral Treatment
Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2023 Jan 20;63:99-117. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052020-094321.ABSTRACTModern antiretroviral therapy safely, potently, and durably suppresses human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that, if left untreated, predictably causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which has been responsible for tens of millions of deaths globally since it was described in 1981. In one of the most extraordinary medical success stories in modern times, a combination of pioneering basic science, innovative drug development, and ambitious public health programming resulted in access to lifesaving, safe drugs, tak...
Source: Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology - January 20, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Simiso Sokhela Samanta Lalla-Edward Mark J Siedner Mohammed Majam Willem Daniel Francois Venter Source Type: research

Harnessing the Power of Electronic Health Records and Genomics for Drug Discovery
Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2023 Jan 20;63:65-76. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051421-111324.ABSTRACTA long-standing recognition that information from human genetics studies has the potential to accelerate drug discovery has led to decades of research on how to leverage genetic and phenotypic information for drug discovery. Established simple and advanced statistical methods that allow the simultaneous analysis of genotype and clinical phenotype data by genome- and phenome-wide analyses, colocalization analyses with quantitative trait loci data from transcriptomics and proteomics data sets from different tissues, and Mend...
Source: Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology - January 20, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kristi Krebs Lili Milani Source Type: research