Genes, Vol. 13, Pages 48: Ischemic Stroke Genetics: What Is New and How to Apply It in Clinical Practice?

Genes, Vol. 13, Pages 48: Ischemic Stroke Genetics: What Is New and How to Apply It in Clinical Practice? Genes doi: 10.3390/genes13010048 Authors: Aleksandra Ekkert Aleksandra Šliachtenko Julija Grigaitė Birutė Burnytė Algirdas Utkus Dalius Jatužis The etiology of ischemic stroke is multifactorial. Although receiving less emphasis, genetic causes make a significant contribution to ischemic stroke genesis, especially in early-onset stroke. Several stroke classification systems based on genetic information corresponding to various stroke phenotypes were proposed. Twin and family history studies, as well as candidate gene approach, are common methods to discover genetic causes of stroke, however, both have their own limitations. Genome-wide association studies and next generation sequencing are more efficient, promising and increasingly used for daily diagnostics. Some monogenic disorders, despite covering only about 7% of stroke etiology, may cause well-known clinical manifestations that include stroke. Polygenic disorders are more frequent, causing about 38% of all ischemic strokes, and their identification is a rapidly developing field of modern stroke genetics. Current advances in human genetics provide opportunity for personalized prevention of stroke and novel treatment possibilities. Genetic risk scores (GRS) and extended polygenic risk scores (PRS) estimate cumulative contribution of known genetic factors to a specific outcome of stroke. Combining...
Source: Genes - Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Tags: Review Source Type: research