Malignant Orbital Tumors: Current Approach to Diagnosis and Management

AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo review current approaches to the diagnosis and management of the most common primary and secondary malignant tumors of the orbit in children and adults.Recent FindingsGiven the rarity of most malignant orbital tumors, randomized clinical trials are lacking, but small retrospective studies investigating multimodal treatment strategies show early promise in preserving the eye and improving survival outcomes.SummaryMalignant orbital masses may be due to a broad range of pathologies, including primary tumors of the lacrimal apparatus, tumors of mesenchymal origin involving the orbit, tumors of the optic nerve, lymphoproliferative disorders, and secondary tumors from adjacent structures or distant metastases. A good clinical knowledge of the most common characteristics and imaging findings is needed to make the correct diagnosis and provide appropriate treatment. Typically, a biopsy is required to confirm the diagnosis. Staging is also critical to determine the extent of disease. Prognosis generally depends on clinical stage and histological grade of the tumor. All patients with history of a malignant orbital tumor should undergo long-term surveillance for disease recurrence and progression.
Source: Current Ophthalmology Reports - Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research