The Association Between Adverse Life Events, Psychological Stress, and Pain-Promoting Affect and Cognitions in Native Americans: Results from the Oklahoma Study of Native American Pain Risk

AbstractNative Americans (NAs) experience higher rates of chronic pain. To examine the mechanisms for this pain inequity, we have previously shown that NAs report higher levels of pain-related anxiety and pain catastrophizing, which are in turn related to pronociceptive (pain-promoting) processes. But, it is currently unclear why NAs would report greater pain-related anxiety and catastrophizing. Given that NAs are also more likely to experience adverse life events (ALEs) and associated psychological distress, it was hypothesized that higher anxiety/catastrophizing in NAs would be partially explained by higher rates of ALEs and psychological distress. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze these pathways (NA ethnicity ➔ ALEs ➔ psychological distress ➔ pain anxiety/catastrophizing) in 305 healthy, pain-free adults (N = 155 NAs,N = 150 non-Hispanic Whites [NHWs]). Pain-related anxiety and situational pain catastrophizing were assessed in response to a variety of painful tasks. The Life Events Checklist was used to assess cumulative exposure to ALEs that directly happened to each participant. A latent psychological distr ess variable was modeled from self-reported perceived stress and psychological symptoms. Results found that NAs experienced more ALEs and greater psychological distress which was associated with higher rates of pain-related anxiety and pain catastrophizing. Notably, NAs did not report greater psycho logical distress when controlling for AL...
Source: Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities - Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: research