Exercise immunology: Future directions

Publication date: Available online 30 December 2019Source: Journal of Sport and Health ScienceAuthor(s): David C. Nieman, Brandt D. PenceAbstractSeveral decades of research in the area of exercise immunology have shown that the immune system is highly responsive to acute and chronic exercise training. Moderate exercise bouts enhance immunosurveillance and when repeated over time mediate multiple health benefits. Most of the studies prior to 2010 relied on a few targeted outcomes related to immune function. During the past decade, technological advances have created opportunities for a multi-omics and systems biology approach to exercise immunology. This paper provides an overview of metabolomics, lipidomics, and proteomics as they pertain to exercise immunology, with a focus on immunometabolism. This review also summarizes how the composition and diversity of the gut microbiota can be influenced by exercise, with applications to human health and immunity. Exercise-induced improvements in immune function may play a critical role in countering immunosenescence and the development of chronic diseases, and emerging omics technologies will more clearly define underlying mechanisms. This review paper summarizes what is currently known regarding a multi-omics approach to exercise immunology and provides future directions for investigators.Graphical Abstract
Source: Journal of Sport and Health Science - Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research