OxLDL alterations in endothelial cell membrane dynamics leads to changes in vesicle trafficking and increases cell susceptibility to injury

Publication date: Available online 5 December 2019Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - BiomembranesAuthor(s): Natália Fernanda do Couto, Luisa Rezende, Weslley Fernandes-Braga, Ana Paula Alves, Ubirajara Agero, Jacqueline Alvarez-Leite, Nágila Raquel Teixeira Damasceno, Thiago Castro-Gomes, Luciana O. AndradeAbstractPlasma membrane repair (PMR) is an important process for cell homeostasis, especially for cells under constant physical stress. Repair involves a sequence of Ca2+-dependent events, including lysosomal exocytosis and subsequent compensatory endocytosis. Cholesterol sequestration from plasma membrane causes actin cytoskeleton reorganization and polymerization, increasing cell stiffness, which leads to exocytosis and reduction of a peripheral pool of lysosomes involved in PMR. These changes in mechanical properties are similar to those observed in cells exposed to oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein (oxLDL), a key molecule during atherosclerosis development. Using a human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (EAhY926) we evaluated the influence of mechanical modulation induced by oxLDL in PMR and its effect in endothelial fragility. Similar to MβCD (a drug capable of sequestering cholesterol) treatment, oxLDL exposure led to actin reorganization and de novo polymerization, as well as an increase in cell rigidity and lysosomal exocytosis. Additionally, for both MβCD and oxLDL treated cells, there was an initial increase in endocytic events, likely triggered ...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Biomembranes - Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research