Critical role of OX40/OX40L in ILC2-mediated activation of CD4+T cells during respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice.

Critical role of OX40/OX40L in ILC2-mediated activation of CD4+T cells during respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice. Int Immunopharmacol. 2019 Aug 27;76:105784 Authors: Wu J, Cui Y, Zhu W, Bai S, Zhao N, Liu B Abstract CD4+T cells are crucial cellular source of type 2 cytokines and responsible for RSV-induced asthma-like symptoms and asthma exacerbations. However, the mechanism for regulating the activation of CD4+T cells during RSV infection is not clear completely. We show in this study that infection with RSV may induce an expansion and activation of CD4+T cells in the lungs of BALB/c mice. RSV-induced CD4+T cell expansion and activation seems to depend upon the pulmonary group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), since adoptive transfer of lung ILC2s can enhance not only the numbers of CD4+T cells but also the cytokine production by CD4+T cells. Interestingly, blockade of the contact between ILC2s and CD4+T cells, may significantly diminish the CD4+T cell expansion and cytokine production, suggesting that membrane molecules may be involved in ILC2-regulated CD4+T cell activation. In fact, infection with RSV resulted in an increase in the numbers of OX40+CD4+T cells as well as OX40L+ILC2s in the lungs of mice. Moreover, the mRNA expressions of OX40 and OX40L as well as the levels of OX40 and OX40L proteins in the lung CD4+T cells and ILC2s were elevated respectively. When co-culture of CD4+T cells with ILC2s in the presence of...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research