Intervention Packages for Early Visceral Leishmaniasis Case Detection and Sandfly Control in Bangladesh: A Comparative Analysis.

Intervention Packages for Early Visceral Leishmaniasis Case Detection and Sandfly Control in Bangladesh: A Comparative Analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2018 Nov 19;: Authors: Huda MM, Ghosh D, Alim A, Almahmud M, Olliaro PL, Matlashewski G, Kroeger A, Mondal D Abstract We compared the efficacy of three intervention packages for active case detection (ACD) of visceral leishmaniasis (VL)/post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) combined with sandfly control around an index case. The packages were 1) no kala-azar transmission activity involving indoor residual spraying (IRS) with deltamethrin, peri-domestic deployment of larvicide with temephos, and house-to-house search for cases; 2) fever camp (FC) plus durable wall lining (DWL) with deltamethrin; and 3) FC plus insecticide (deltamethrin) impregnated bed-nets (ITN) around an index case. Fever camp includes 1-day campaign at the village level to screen and diagnose VL, PKDL, leprosy, malaria, and tuberculosis among residents with chronic fever or skin disease. Efficacy was measured through yield of new cases, vector density reduction, and mortality at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months following intervention. Fever camp + DWL was the most efficacious intervention package with 0.5 case detected per intervention, 79% reduction in vector density (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 0.21, P = 0.010), and 96% (95% confidence interval: 94.21%, 98.55%) sandfly mortality at 12 months. No kala-azar transmission ...
Source: Am J Trop Med Hyg - Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Tags: Am J Trop Med Hyg Source Type: research