An amperometric glutamate biosensor for monitoring glutamate release from brain nerve terminals and in blood plasma.

An amperometric glutamate biosensor for monitoring glutamate release from brain nerve terminals and in blood plasma. Anal Chim Acta. 2018 Aug 31;1022:113-123 Authors: Borisova T, Kucherenko D, Soldatkin O, Kucherenko I, Pastukhov A, Nazarova A, Galkin M, Borysov A, Krisanova N, Soldatkin A, El Skaya A Abstract An excess of the excitatory neurotransmitter, glutamate, in the synaptic cleft during hypoxia/ischemia provokes development of neurotoxicity and originates from the reversal of Na+-dependent glutamate transporters located in the plasma membrane of presynaptic brain nerve terminals. Here, we have optimized an electrochemical glutamate biosensor using glutamate oxidase and developed a biosensor-based methodological approach for analysis of rates of tonic, exocytotic and transporter-mediated glutamate release from isolated rat brain nerve terminals (synaptosomes). Changes in the extracellular glutamate concentrations from 11.5 ± 0.9 to 11.7 ± 0.9 μΜ for 6 min reflected a low tonic release of endogenous glutamate from nerve terminals. Depolarization-induced exocytotic release of endogenous glutamate was equal to 7.5 ± 1.0 μΜ and transporter reversal was 8.0 ± 1.0 μΜ for 6 min. The biosensor data correlated well with the results obtained using radiolabelled L-[14C]glutamate, spectrofluorimetric glutamate dehydrogenase and amino acid analyzer assays. The blood plasma glutamate concentration was also test...
Source: Analytica Chimica Acta - Category: Chemistry Authors: Tags: Anal Chim Acta Source Type: research