Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure

Heart failure (HF) is associated with increased mortality and hospitalizations. Biomarkers have an important role in the early diagnosis of HF, as well as in prognosis assessment and monitoring response to treatment. Natriuretic peptides are the gold-standard biomarkers in HF.
Source: Journal of Cardiac Failure - Category: Cardiology Authors: Tags: Research Letter Source Type: research