Cytomegalovirus Corneal Endotheliitis: A Comprehensive Review

Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2024 Feb 28:1-10. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2024.2320704. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCytomegalovirus (CMV) anterior uveitis and corneal endotheliitis are the most common ocular diseases caused by CMV infections in immunocompetent patients. The incidence of CMV corneal endotheliitis is relatively high in middle-aged men. CMV corneal endotheliitis presents with mild anterior chamber inflammation, corneal edema, keratic precipitates, and elevated intraocular pressure. It resembles Posner-Schlossman syndrome and Fuchs uveitis because of the elevated intraocular pressure. Without proper diagnosis and treatment, it may progress to bullous keratopathy or glaucoma, necessitating keratoplasty or glaucoma surgery. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are important for a good prognosis. Aqueous humor analysis can facilitate the diagnosis of CMV corneal endotheliitis, and early antiviral treatment can decrease the risk of corneal compensation or glaucomatous optic atrophy. In this article, we review the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of CMV corneal endotheliitis along with the evidence for early clinical diagnosis and active antiviral treatment.PMID:38417101 | DOI:10.1080/09273948.2024.2320704

Source: Ocular Immunology and Inflammation - February 28, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Woong-Sun Yoo Lee-Ha Kwon Youngsub Eom Zheng Xian Thng Christopher Or Quan Dong Nguyen Seong-Jae Kim Source Type: research