Advances in new targets for immunotherapy of small cell lung cancer

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have altered the treatment paradigm of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, the current immunotherapies, such as programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), brought limited benefits to survival. It is urgent to develop new targets or immunotherapy drugs. This review focuses on multiple new targets of immunotherapy investigated in the field of SCLC, including delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3), T cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif structural domains (TIGIT), lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), and disialoganglioside (GD2), and others. AbstractSmall cell lung cancer (SCLC) is one of the highly aggressive malignancies characterized by rapid growth and early metastasis, but treatment options are limited. For SCLC, carboplatin or cisplatin in combination with etoposide chemotherapy has been considered the only standard of care, but the standard first-line treatment only results in 10-month survival. The majority of patients relapse within a few weeks to months after treatment, despite the relatively sensitive response to chemotherapy. Over the past decade, immunotherapy has made significant progress in the treatment of SCLC patients. However, there have been limited improvements in survival rates for SCLC patients with the current immune checkpoint inhibitors PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4. In the face of high recurrence rates, small beneficiary popul...
Source: Thoracic Cancer - Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research