Immunological dynamic characteristics in AML predict the long-term outcomes and GVHD occurrences post-transplantation

Clin Exp Immunol. 2023 Nov 16:uxad123. doi: 10.1093/cei/uxad123. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTo investigate the relationship between immune dynamic and GVHD risk, 111 initial diagnostic AML patients were reviewed. The flow cytometry data of 12 major lymphocyte subsets in BM from 60 transplant patients at 4 different time points were analyzed. Additionally, 90 immune subsets in PB of 11 post-transplantation on day 100 were reviewed. Our results demonstrated that transplant patients had longer OS compared to non-transplant patients (P<0.001). Among transplant patients, those who developed GVHD showed longer OS than those without GVHD (P<0.05). URD donors and CMV-negative status donors were associated with improved OS in transplant patients (P<0.05). Importantly, we observed a decreased Th/Tc ratio in BM at initial diagnostic in patients with GVHD compared to those without GVHD (P=0.034). ROC analysis indicated that a low Th/Tc ratio predicted an increased risk of GVHD with a sensitivity of 44.44% and specificity of 87.50%. Moreover, an increased T/NK ratio in BM of post-induction chemotherapy was found to be associated with GVHD, with a sensitivity of 75.76% and specificity of 65.22%. Additionally, we observed a decreased percentage of NK1 (CD56-CD16+NK) in PB on day 100 post-transplantation in the GVHD group (P<0.05). These 3 indicators exhibit promising potential as specific and useful biomarkers for predicting GVHD. These findings provide valuable insights for ...
Source: Clinical and Developmental Immunology - Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Source Type: research