Role of cytosolic and endoplasmic reticulum Ca < sup > 2+ < /sup > in pancreatic beta-cells: pros and cons

Pflugers Arch. 2023 Nov 9. doi: 10.1007/s00424-023-02872-2. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPancreatic beta cells utilize Ca2+ to secrete insulin in response to glucose. The glucose-dependent increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]C) activates a series of insulin secretory machinery in pancreatic beta cells. Therefore, the amount of insulin secreted in response to glucose is determined in a [Ca2+]C-dependent manner, at least within a moderate range. However, the demand for insulin secretion may surpass the capability of beta cells. Abnormal elevation of [Ca2+]C levels beyond the beta-cell endurance capacity can damage them by inducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and cell death programs such as apoptosis. Therefore, while Ca2+ is essential for the insulin secretory functions of beta cells, it could affect their survival at pathologically higher levels. Because an increase in beta-cell [Ca2+]C is inevitable under certain hazardous conditions, understanding the regulatory mechanism for [Ca2+]C is important. Therefore, this review discusses beta-cell function, survival, ER stress, and apoptosis associated with intracellular and ER Ca2+ homeostasis.PMID:37940681 | DOI:10.1007/s00424-023-02872-2

Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - November 8, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Seung-Eun Song Su-Kyung Shin Hyeon Yeong Ju Seung-Soon Im Dae-Kyu Song Source Type: research