Senescent Schwann Cells Impair Nerve Regeneration in Older Individuals

Senescent cells of many types accumulate in tissues throughout the body with age due to an imbalance between the pace of creation and pace of destruction, the immune system progressively losing its ability to destroy these senescent cells in a timely manner. Senescent cells cease to replicate and secrete a potent mix of pro-inflammatory signals, harmful to surrounding tissue when sustained over the long term. Here, researchers note one of the many specific ways in which senescent cells can impair function; this one example is multiplied a thousand times across locations, tissue types, and cell types throughout the aging body. Following peripheral nerve injury, successful axonal growth and functional recovery require Schwann cell (SC) reprogramming into a reparative phenotype, a process dependent upon c-Jun transcription factor activation. Unfortunately, axonal regeneration is greatly impaired in aged organisms and following chronic denervation, which can lead to poor clinical outcomes. While diminished c-Jun expression in SCs has been associated with regenerative failure, it is unclear whether the inability to maintain a repair state is associated with the transition into an axonal growth inhibition phenotype. We here find that reparative SCs transition into a senescent phenotype, characterized by diminished c-Jun expression and secretion of inhibitory factors for axonal regeneration in aging and chronic denervation. In both conditions, the elimination of sene...
Source: Fight Aging! - Category: Research Authors: Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs