Magnetic Nanoparticles: A Review on Synthesis, Characterization, Functionalization, and Biomedical Applications

This review outlines diverse magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) designs, materials, morphologies, and characterization methods. It assesses various MNP synthesis techniques, their pros and cons, and explores inorganic and organic surface coatings. Biomedical MNP applications are covered, spanning hyperthermia, MRI, drug delivery, biosensors, and magnetic particle imaging. Future MNP structure trends and novel biomedical prospects are also discussed. AbstractNowadays, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs)  are applied in numerous fields, especially in biomedical applications. Since biofluidic samples and biological tissues are nonmagnetic, negligible background signals can interfere with the magnetic signals from MNPs in magnetic biosensing and imaging applications. In addition, the MNPs can be remo tely controlled by magnetic fields, which make it possible for magnetic separation and targeted drug delivery. Furthermore, due to the unique dynamic magnetizations of MNPs when subjected to alternating magnetic fields, MNPs are also proposed as a key tool in cancer treatment, an example is magnetic hyperthermia therapy. Due to their distinct surface chemistry, good biocompatibility, and inducible magnetic moments, the material and morphological structure design of MNPs has attracted enormous interest from a variety of scientific domains. Herein, a thorough review of the chemical synthesis str ategies of MNPs, the methodologies to modify the MNPs surface for better biocompatibility, the physicoc...
Source: Small - Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Tags: Review Source Type: research