Role of glycosylphosphatidylinositol ‐anchored high‐density lipoprotein binding protein 1 in hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored high density lipoprotein binding protein  1 (GPIHBP1) is a crucial molecule for the translocation of lipoprotein lipase from parenchymal cells to luminal surface of capillary endothelial cells, and maintenance of lipolytic activity. The null mutation of GPIHBP1 and the production of GPIHBP1 autoantibody induce severe hypertriglyceridemia and recurrent episodes of acute pancreatitis. In patients with type 2 diabetes, the circulating GPIHBP1 levels might not correlate well with triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and rather well-reflect the microvascular complications, such diabetic retinopathy and diabetic kidney disease. AbstractIn diabetes, the impairment of insulin secretion and insulin resistance contribute to hypertriglyceridemia, as the enzymatic activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) depends on insulin action. The transport of LPL to endothelial cells and its enzymatic activity are maintained by the formation of lipolytic complex depending on the multiple positive (glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high-density lipoprotein binding protein  1 [GPIHBP1], apolipoprotein C-II [APOC2], APOA5, heparan sulfate proteoglycan [HSPG], lipase maturation factor 1 [LFM1] and sel-1 suppressor of lin-12-like [SEL1L]) and negative regulators (APOC1, APOC3, angiopoietin-like proteins [ANGPTL]3, ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL8). Among the regulators, GPIHBP1 is a crucial molecule for the translocation of LPL from parenchymal cells to the luminal surface of ca...
Source: Journal of Diabetes Investigation - Category: Endocrinology Authors: Tags: Review Article Source Type: research