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Virchow ’s Triad and the Role of Thrombosis in COVID-Related Stroke
In December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as a virally transmitted disease. Three months later, SARS-CoV-2 became one of the largest pandemics in recent times, causing more than 235 million cases globally, and accounting for at least 4.8 million deaths to date. SARS-COV-2 infection was initially classified as a respiratory tract infection, but later was recognized as a multisystemic disease compromising gastrointestinal, hematological, cardiac, and neurological systems. With this Review, we aim to describe the epidemiology, risk factors, mechanisms, and management of cere...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - November 10, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

SARS ‐CoV‐2 and hypertension
The objective of this review is to give an overview of the pathophysiological effects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in relation to hypertension (HT), with a focus on the Renin –Angiotensin–Aldosterone System (RAAS) and the MAS receptor. HT is a multifactorial disease and a public health burden, as it is a risk factor for diseases like stroke, coronary artery disease, and heart failure, leading to 10.4 million deaths yearly. Blood pressure is regulated by the RAAS. The system consists of two counter-regulatory axes: ACE/ANG-II/AT1R and ACE2/ANG-(1-7)/MAS. The main regulatory protein in balancing the RAAS is...
Source: Physiological Reports - June 14, 2021 Category: Physiology Authors: Briyanth Ravichandran, Daniela Grimm, Marcus Kr üger, Sascha Kopp, Manfred Infanger, Markus Wehland Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research