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The number of valvular insufficiency is a strong predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients
ConclusionsIn maintenance HD patients, the prevalence of VI is prominently high. The number of VI  ≥ 2 is associated with emergency hospitalized for acute heart failure, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Combining age, number of VI ≥ 2, and albumin can predict cardiovascular and all-cause mortality.
Source: International Urology and Nephrology - April 3, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

The role of gut-dependent molecule trimethylamine N-oxide as a novel target for the treatment of chronic kidney disease
AbstractTrimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is an intestinal uremic toxin molecule mainly excreted by the kidney. Therefore, the plasma TMAO concentration is significantly increased in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, and plasma TMAO can be cleared by dialysis. Furthermore, TMAO damage the kidney mainly through three mechanisms: oxidative stress, inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Clinical experiments have indicated that higher TMAO levels are strongly related to the elevated incidence and mortality of cardiovascular (CV) events in CKD patients. Moreover, experimental data have shown that high levels of TMAO di...
Source: International Urology and Nephrology - February 16, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

High prevalence of middle cerebral artery calcification is associated with cardiovascular mortality in hemodialyzed patients: an overlooked part of arterial tree?
ConclusionThis study showed that large artery stiffness and not the presence of peripheral arterial disease or carotid artery stenosis have the prognostic role of middle cerebral arteries ’ calcifications and cardiovascular mortality in hemodialyzed patients. The presence of middle cerebral arteries’ calcifications diagnosed by a non-invasive method should be considered a marker of middle-sized conduit arteries atherosclerosis, subclinical brain damage, and future fatal cardiovas cular events.
Source: International Urology and Nephrology - January 15, 2022 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Perioperative outcomes of goal-directed versus conventional fluid therapy in radical cystectomy with enhanced recovery protocol
ConclusionStroke volume variation guided goal-directed fluid therapy is safe in radical cystectomy without compromising the renal function. It is associated with less intra- and perioperative fluid infusion; however, no association with hospital stay, 90-day complication or readmission rates were noted.
Source: International Urology and Nephrology - June 4, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

The efficacy and safety of roxadustat treatment for anemia in patients with kidney disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review
ConclusionsRoxadustat has higher mean Hb level than placebo or EPO. Due to the short follow-up period and the lack of critical data, more RCTs are needed to prove long-term safety and effectiveness of roxadustat in the future.
Source: International Urology and Nephrology - January 3, 2021 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Autophagy in diabetic nephropathy: a review
AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) is the leading cause of end stage renal disease. 40% of the patients worldwide will require replacement therapy after 20  years of DM worldwide. Early-stage diabetic nephropathy is characterized by hyperfiltration related to hypeglycemia-induced afferent artery vasodilatation with micro-and macroalbuminuria. Later on, proteinuria with arterial hypertension may appear, culminating in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) d ecline and end stage renal disease. Forty percent of diabetic patients develop microvascular and macrovascular complications, with increased risk among patients with genetic pre...
Source: International Urology and Nephrology - July 12, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Echocardiographic predictors of interatrial block in patients with severe chronic kidney disease
ConclusionA significant association exists between the presence of IAB and echocardiographic parameters related to left ventricular hypertrophy and left atrial dilatation. Presence of IAB may be an additional and easy diagnostic marker for risk stratification of patients with severe CKD.
Source: International Urology and Nephrology - March 9, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Selected cardiovascular risk factors in early stages of chronic kidney disease
AbstractCardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke and atherosclerosis, are common in patients with chronic kidney disease. Aside from the standard biomarkers, measured to determine cardiovascular risk, new ones have emerged: markers of oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, vascular endothelium dysfunction, atherosclerosis, organ calcification and fibrosis. Unfortunately, their utility for routine clinical application remains to be elucidated. A causal relationship between new markers and cardiovascular diseases in patients with chronic kidney disease remai...
Source: International Urology and Nephrology - January 17, 2020 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Clinical outcomes of stroke in hemodialysis patients: a retrospective single-center study
ConclusionsStroke outcome in these patients is dismal with prolonged hospital stay, poor functional status at discharge, very limited response to rehabilitation, and increased mortality.
Source: International Urology and Nephrology - June 30, 2019 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Under-recognized post-stroke acute kidney injury: risk factors and relevance for stroke outcome of a frequent comorbidity
ConclusionsPost-stroke AKI diagnosis needs to be improved by strictly monitoring individuals with cardioembolic or hemorrhagic stroke, reduced kidney function, higher Charlson Comorbidity Index and worse NIHSS at presentation.
Source: International Urology and Nephrology - June 19, 2019 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Epidemiology of falls and fall-related injuries among middle-aged adults with kidney disease
ConclusionMiddle-aged adults with CKD were more likely than those without CKD to fall and suffer a fall-related injury. However, injury risk did not remain elevated after accounting for differences between groups. The presence of comorbidities, especially depressive disorders, was associated with increased odds for falls and fall-related injuries. Given the high prevalence of depression among adults with CKD, the relationship between depression and falls warrants further examination.
Source: International Urology and Nephrology - June 3, 2019 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Association of the blood urea nitrogen-to-left ventricular ejection fraction ratio with contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with acute coronary syndrome who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention
ConclusionThe BUNEFr may be a useful new predictor of CIN in ACS patients treated with PCI. The inclusion of BUNEFr in a multivariable model could allow improved risk classification in these patients regarding the development of CIN.
Source: International Urology and Nephrology - January 2, 2019 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Significant association of anti-platelet factor 4/heparin antibody with cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients: a longitudinal 7-year study
ConclusionThis study reveals that PF4-H Ab is a risk factor for developing CAD, IS, and AVFT among hemodialysis patients.
Source: International Urology and Nephrology - October 15, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Atrial fibrillation in dialysis patients: is there a place for non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants?
AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) occurs approximately in 3% of general population, with greater prevalence in elderly. Non-vitamin K-dependent oral anticoagulant agents (NOACs) according to the current European guidelines are recommended for patients with AF at high risk for stroke as a first-choice treatment. NOACs are not inferior to warfarin or some of them are better than warfarin in reducing the rate of ischemic stroke. Moreover, they significantly reduce the rate of intracranial hemorrhages, major bleedings, and mortality compared with warfarin. Nevertheless according to ESC guidelines, NOACs are not recommended in p...
Source: International Urology and Nephrology - May 21, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

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