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Modern Treatment of Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis —The Importance of Both Medical Therapy and Carotid Endarterectomy
Each year there are approximately 700  000 new ischemic strokes in the US, and 10% to 15% of them are caused by thromboembolism from a previously asymptomatic carotid stenosis (ACS). Three large randomized clinical trials, published in the 1990s and early 2000s, have demonstrated a significant benefit of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) i n preventing stroke in patients with severe ACS compared with medical therapy alone. They showed a 50% relative risk reduction in 5-year stroke rate and an approximately 1% per year absolute stroke risk reduction. Over the course of the past 2 decades, there has been significant improvement...
Source: JAMA Surgery - June 8, 2022 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

Compression Garment-induced Leg Changes Increase Hemodynamic Responses in Healthy Individuals
This study evaluated the morphological changes of the lower limb and associated hemodynamic responses to different lower-body compression pressures (COMPs) in physically active, healthy individuals at rest. Each of the 32 participants underwent three trials with three different degrees of lower-body compression applied: “Low” (2.2±1.4 mmHg), “Medium” (12.9±3.9 mmHg), and “High” (28.8±8.3 mmHg). In each COMP, a cross-sectional area of leg muscles (CSAmuscle), subcutaneous fat (CSAfat), superficial vessels (SupV), deep arteries (DA), and deep veins (DV) at the calf, knee, and thigh levels were measured u...
Source: International Journal of Sports Medicine - December 1, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Lee, Daniel C. W. Law, Helen Ka Wai Ali, Ajmol Sheridan, Sinead E. Wong, Stephen H. S. Lee, Shara Wee Yee Tags: Physiology & Biochemistry Source Type: research

Association between physical activity and sedentary behaviour on carotid atherosclerotic plaques: an epidemiological and histological study in 90 asymptomatic patients.
CONCLUSION: In this cross-sectional study of asymptomatic patients who underwent endarterectomy (i) higher reported PA, (ii) intensity of PA and (iii) lower reported SB were associated with lower prevalence of intraplaque haemorrhage. This could be a mechanism whereby PA protects against cerebrovascular disease (stroke) and death. PMID: 30842104 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - March 5, 2019 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Mury P, Mura M, Della-Schiava N, Chanon S, Vieille-Marchiset A, Nicaise V, Chirico EN, Collet-Benzaquen D, Lermusiaux P, Connes P, Millon A, Pialoux V Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research

Haemodynamic responses of wearing low-pressure sports compression tights during an orthostatic challenge in healthy individuals
ConclusionsHealthy individuals wearing low-pressure sports compression tights experienced less severe haemodynamic disturbance such as decreases in CO, SV, HR and SVR during an orthostatic challenge.
Source: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport - September 11, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

Acute Impact of Different Exercise Modalities on Arterial and Platelet Function
Purpose Acute coronary syndromes and ischemic stroke are associated with arterial events involving platelets, the endothelium, and atherosclerosis. Although regular physical activity is associated with lower risk of cardiovascular events and mortality, risk is transiently increased during and immediately after participation in an acute bout of exercise. No previous study has investigated the acute impact of exercise on platelet activation and arterial function in the same participants; it is also unknown if responses are dependent on exercise modality. We hypothesized that commonly adopted, yet physiologically distinct, ...
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - March 16, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Applied Sciences Source Type: research

Haemodynamic responses of wearing low-pressure sports compression tights during an orthostatic challenge in healthy individuals
Conclusions Healthy individuals wearing low-pressure sports compression tights experienced less severe haemodynamic disturbance such as decreases in CO, SV, HR and SVR during an orthostatic challenge.
Source: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport - December 16, 2017 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

The cardiac effects of hyperbaric oxygen at 243 kPa using inchamber echocardiography.
CONCLUSIONS: TTE can be safely performed within a hyperbaric chamber. Cardiac physiology is not adversely affected by HBO in individuals without active cardiac disease. PMID: 25311320 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine - December 11, 2015 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Diving Hyperb Med Source Type: research