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Specialty: Orthopaedics

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Total 785 results found since Jan 2013.

Knee loading patterns of the non-paretic and paretic legs during post-stroke gait
Despite improvements with rehabilitation, individuals with stroke are left with significant gait deviations including altered joint kinematics, spatiotemporal asymmetry, asymmetric loading through the lower extremities and altered muscle activation patterns [1 –4]. These deviations from the typical gait pattern of a healthy adult can have an immediate impact on independence and walking function in individuals post-stroke [5]. Additionally, some of these deviations (e.g. temporal gait asymmetry, excessive muscle activity) could contribute to secondary mu sculoskeletal (MSK) complications (e.g.
Source: Gait and Posture - July 18, 2016 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Stephanie Marrocco, Lucas D. Crosby, Ian C Jones, Rebecca F Moyer, Trevor B Birmingham, Kara K Patterson Tags: Full length article Source Type: research

Vitamin D profile of patients with spinal cord injury and post-stroke hemiplegia: All in the same boat.
CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D status of patients with neurological disabilities was lower than that of controls. Non-functionally ambulatory patients had higher vitamin D insufficiency rate than functionally ambulatory patients. Preventative measures including adequate supplementation of vitamin D should be directed to neurologically disabled subjects, particularly those with non-functional ambulation. PMID: 26406185 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation - November 3, 2016 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil Source Type: research

Reliability and minimum detectable change of the gait deviation index (gdi) in post-stroke patients
The Gait Deviation Index (GDI) is a summary measure that provides a global picture of gait kinematic data. Since the ability to walk is critical for post-stroke patients, the aim of this study was to determine the reliability and Minimum Detectable Change (MDC) of the GDI in this patient population. Twenty post-stroke patients (11 males, 9 females; mean age, 55.2 ±9.9years) participated in this study. Patients presented with either right- (n=14) or left-sided (n=6) hemiparesis. Kinematic gait data were collected in two sessions (test and retest) that were 2 to 7days apart.
Source: Gait and Posture - December 21, 2016 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Katren Pedroso Correa, Gisele Francini de Devetak, Suzane Ketlyn Martello, Juliana Carla Almeida, Ana Carolina Pauleto, Elisangela Ferretti Manffra Tags: Full length article Source Type: research

Contribution of ankle-foot orthosis moment in regulating ankle and knee motions during gait in individuals post-stroke
Ankle-foot orthosis moment resisting plantarflexion has systematic effects on ankle and knee joint motion in individuals post-stroke. However, it is not known how much ankle-foot orthosis moment is generated to regulate their motion. The aim of this study was to quantify the contribution of an articulated ankle-foot orthosis moment to regulate ankle and knee joint motion during gait in individuals post-stroke.
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - April 8, 2017 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Toshiki Kobayashi, Michael S. Orendurff, Madeline L. Singer, Fan Gao, K. Bo Foreman Tags: Short communication Source Type: research

Passive material properties of stroke-impaired plantarflexor and dorsiflexor muscles
These results indicate that there are non-uniform changes in passive stiffness of stroke-impaired muscle. Therefore, muscles need to be evaluated individually to access alterations. Additionally, interpretation of joint-based calculations of muscle stiffness should be made cautiously. Having the ability to non-invasively assess muscle stiffness adaptations in vivo would aid in prognosis, evaluation, and treatment following a stroke.
Source: Clinical Biomechanics - August 24, 2017 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Kristen L. Jakubowski, Ada Terman, Ricardo V.C. Santana, Sabrina S.M. Lee Source Type: research

Assessing structural adaptation of biceps brachii motor units after stroke
Introduction: Studies reported the death of lower motor neurons following stroke, with a possible collateral reinnervation of denervated muscle fibers by the surviving motor neurons [1,2]. This neuromuscular reorganization suggests an increase in the number of fibers per motor neurons, and therefore in the size of motor unit action potentials, after stroke. Here we use electrical stimulation and surface electromyograms (EMGs) to investigate this issue for the biceps brachii muscle.
Source: Gait and Posture - September 1, 2017 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: T. Peixoto Pinto, A. Turolla, M. Gazzoni, M. Agostini, T. Vieira Source Type: research

FES-augmented treadmill training based on muscle synergies to improve locomotion in chronic stroke patients. A pilot randomized control trial
In this study, during treadmill training, patients underwent a multi-channel FES treatment that leverages inertial sensors and muscle synergies to optimize the treatment by stimulating the impaired synergies exactly when they should have been recruited [2]. The aim of the current pilot work was to evaluate the efficacy of this treatment in improving gait in patients with chronic stroke.
Source: Gait and Posture - September 1, 2017 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: M. Giardini, N. Chia Bejarano, F. Lunardini, M. Malavolti, A. Pedrocchi, A. Nardone, S. Ferrante Tags: O38 Source Type: research

The effect of surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation on patients with post-stroke dysphagia.
CONCLUSIONS: Swallowing function in the patients with PSD was significantly improved using TDT combined with NMES. Stimulating electrodes placed at the suprahyoid region or on both suprahyoid and infrahyoid regions resulted in no difference of effect. However, NMES on suprahyoid region could further improve the moving distance of hyoid bone anteriorly. PMID: 29278871 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation - December 29, 2017 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil Source Type: research

Risk of Ischemic Stroke after Perioperative Atrial Fibrillation in Total Knee and Hip Arthroplasty Patients
To determine if new onset perioperative atrial fibrillation during arthroplasty represents a benign response to intraoperative cardiac stress or is a risk factor for stroke, we evaluated the subsequent risk of ischemic stroke in patients with new onset atrial fibrillation occurring during primary total knee (TKR) and hip replacement (THR).
Source: The Journal of Arthroplasty - April 16, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Sariah Khormaee, Huong Do, Yevgeniy Mayr, Gino Gialdini, Hooman Kamel, Stephen Lyman, Michael Cross Source Type: research

The influence of early or delayed provision of ankle-foot orthoses on pelvis, hip and knee kinematics in patients with sub-acute stroke: a randomized controlled trial
Insufficient foot-clearance is an important alteration in the gait pattern often seen after stroke. It can be caused by decreased hip [1] and knee flexion [1,2] and decreased ankle dorsiflexion [1,3]. To overcome foot-clearance problems, individual stroke patients may use compensatory movement strategies like circumduction [2,4], increased hip flexion [3] and pelvic hiking [2,4,5], depending on the patient ’s specific impairments and chosen strategy. Ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) are often used to improve walking and are reported to facilitate, amongst others, toe-clearance in swing [6].
Source: Gait and Posture - May 10, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Corien D.M. Nikamp, Job van der Palen, Hermie J. Hermens, Johan S. Rietman, Jaap H. Buurke Tags: Full length article Source Type: research

An assessment of the relationship between the items of the observational Wisconsin Gait Scale and the 3-dimensional spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters in post-stroke gait
Gait analysis is commonly used in clinical practice to diagnose gait disorders and to define suitable, adequately targeted and effective treatment programs [1 –3]. Gait analysis is the primary objective in the treatment approach to hemiparetic individuals after a stroke, both in terms of kinematics and spatiotemporal gait parameters, because hemiparetic individuals after a stroke experience numerous impairments in their walking skills which are reflecte d in spatiotemporal and kinematic gait parameters [4–7].
Source: Gait and Posture - March 5, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Agnieszka Guzik, Mariusz Dru żbicki, Grzegorz Przysada, Agnieszka Brzozowska-Magoń, Andżelina Wolan-Nieroda, Andrzej Kwolek Source Type: research

Risk of Ischemic Stroke After Perioperative Atrial Fibrillation in  Total Knee and Hip Arthroplasty Patients
To determine if new-onset perioperative atrial fibrillation during arthroplasty represents a benign response to intraoperative cardiac stress or is a risk factor for stroke, we evaluated the subsequent risk of ischemic stroke in patients with new-onset atrial fibrillation occurring during primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA).
Source: The Journal of Arthroplasty - April 16, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Sariah Khormaee, Huong T. Do, Yevgeniy Mayr, Gino Gialdini, Hooman Kamel, Stephen Lyman, Michael B. Cross Source Type: research

O 089 - A soft robotic exosuit assisting the paretic ankle in patients post-stroke: effect on muscle activation during overground walking
Stroke, the leading cause of long-term disability, often results in slow and energetically inefficient gait. Our group has developed a body-worn soft robot (exosuit) that provides ankle plantar- and dorsiflexion assistance, which has been demonstrated to improves paretic propulsion, foot ground clearance, and efficiency during treadmill walking [1 –3]. For the exosuit to be an effective tool for gait training during stroke rehabilitation, these effects need to translate to overground walking and with minimal slacking, i.e.
Source: Gait and Posture - June 26, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: L. Sloot, J. Bae, L. Baker, K. O'Donnell, N. Menard, F. Porciuncula, D. Choe, T. Ellis, L. Awad, C. Walsh Tags: Short communication Source Type: research

Influence of foot positioning on cop measures of post stroke patients in quiet standing
Maintaining upright posture is a basic requirement for performing the activities of daily living and might require a big effort from stroke patients. According to the literature, individuals who suffered a stroke need to pay more attention to balance tasks in the upright posture than their healthy conterparts [1]. The measures related to the center of pressure (CoP) during quiet stance differ between these two populations, due to the promintent role of the nonparetic limb, to the spatial neglect [2] and to the synchronization deficit between the ankle muscles of each limb [3].
Source: Gait and Posture - August 9, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Tatiane Caroline Boumer, Suzane Ketlyn Martello, Gisele Francini Devetak, Dielise Debona Iucksch, Nicoly Scrok, Elisangela Ferretti Manffra Tags: Full length article Source Type: research