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Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation

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Total 40 results found since Jan 2013.

TNF-Blockade for Primary Stroke Prevention in Adenosine Deaminase 2 Deficiency: A Case Series
We present a family with multiple affected children to highlight the importance of TNF blockade not just as secondary stroke prevention but also as primary stroke prevention in genetically affected but clinically asymptomatic patients. Methods A proband with recurrent cryptogenic strokes was referred for evaluation at the NIH CC. The parents and 3 clinically asymptomatic siblings were also evaluated. Results The proband was diagnosed with DADA2 based on biochemical testing; her antiplatelet therapies were discontinued, and she was started on TNF blockade for secondary stroke prevention. Her 3 asymptomatic siblings were s...
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - March 20, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Soldatos, A., Toro, C., Hoffmann, P., Romeo, T., Deuitch, N., Brofferio, A., Aksentijevich, I., Kastner, D. L., Ombrello, A. K. Tags: Childhood stroke, Stroke in young adults, Stroke prevention, Vasculitis, All Genetics Clinical/Scientific Note Source Type: research

Inflammatory and stress markers predicting pneumonia, outcome, and etiology in patients with stroke: Biomarkers for predicting pneumonia, functional outcome, and death after stroke
Conclusions The tested biomarkers are associated with SAP and poor functional outcome. However, these biomarkers only slightly improve prediction of SAP and do not improve long-term outcome prediction over clinical parameters. MRproANP showed the best discrimination for identifying cardioembolic stroke, warranting further studies to confirm our finding. Clinical trial registration clinicaltrials.gov NCT01264549 and NCT01079728.
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - February 24, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Hotter, B., Hoffmann, S., Ulm, L., Montaner, J., Bustamante, A., Meisel, C., Meisel, A. Tags: All Immunology, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke Article Source Type: research

Arterial ischemic stroke in HIV: Defining and classifying etiology for research studies
HIV infection, and potentially its treatment, increases the risk of an arterial ischemic stroke. Multiple etiologies and lack of clear case definitions inhibit progress in this field. Several etiologies, many treatable, are relevant to HIV-related stroke. To fully understand the mechanisms and the terminology used, a robust classification algorithm to help ascribe the various etiologies is needed. This consensus paper considers the strengths and limitations of current case definitions in the context of HIV infection. The case definitions for the major etiologies in HIV-related strokes were refined (e.g., varicella zoster v...
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - June 29, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Benjamin, L. A., Bryer, A., Lucas, S., Stanley, A., Allain, T. J., Joekes, E., Emsley, H., Turnbull, I., Downey, C., Toh, C.-H., Brown, K., Brown, D., Ison, C., Smith, C., Corbett, E. L., Nath, A., Heyderman, R. S., Connor, M. D., Solomon, T. Tags: Viral infections, HIV, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Vascular dementia, HIV dementia Views [amp ] Reviews Source Type: research

High natural killer cell number might identify stroke patients at risk of developing infections
Conclusions: High circulating NK cell count within the first hours after ischemic stroke onset followed by a drop in all lymphocyte subsets identified patients who developed infections and may be caused by a sympathovagal imbalance with sympathetic overweight. These findings need to be validated in larger studies.
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - February 12, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: De Raedt, S., De Vos, A., Van Binst, A.-M., De Waele, M., Coomans, D., Buyl, R., De Keyser, J. Tags: Autonomic diseases, All Immunology, All Infections Article Source Type: research

HIV is associated with endothelial activation despite ART, in a sub-Saharan African setting
Conclusions HIV infection is associated with endothelial activation despite antiretroviral treatment. Our findings underscore the need for larger clinical cohorts to better understand the contribution of this perturbation of the endothelial function to the increasing burden of cardiovascular diseases in sub-Saharan Africa.
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - December 21, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Kamtchum-Tatuene, J., Mwandumba, H., Al-Bayati, Z., Flatley, J., Griffiths, M., Solomon, T., Benjamin, L. Tags: HIV, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Case control studies Article Source Type: research

IL-17 production by CSF lymphocytes as a biomarker for cerebral vasculitis
Conclusions: Intracellular IL-17 in CSF cells is potentially useful in discriminating cerebral vasculitis as a rare cause in patients presenting with ischemic stroke. Classification of evidence: This study provides Class II evidence that an increased proportion of IL-17-producing CD4+ cells in CSF of patients presenting with stroke symptoms is indicative of cerebral vasculitis (sensitivity 73%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 39–94%; specificity 100%, 95% CI 74%–100%).
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - March 21, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Thom, V., Schmid, S., Gelderblom, M., Hackbusch, R., Kolster, M., Schuster, S., Thomalla, G., Keminer, O., Pless, O., Bernreuther, C., Glatzel, M., Wegscheider, K., Gerloff, C., Magnus, T., Tolosa, E. Tags: All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Vasculitis Article Source Type: research

Harmful neutrophil subsets in patients with ischemic stroke: Association with disease severity
Conclusion Altogether, our results indicate that during acute IS, the inflammatory properties of circulating neutrophils rise, associated with the expansion of harmful neutrophil subsets. These changes in neutrophil homeostasis, associated with disease severity, may play an instrumental role by contributing to systemic inflammation and to the blood-brain barrier breakdown. Our findings highlight new potential therapeutic approaches of stroke by rebalancing the ratio of senescent to immunosuppressive neutrophils or decreasing reverse neutrophil transmigration or both.
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - May 14, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Weisenburger-Lile, D., Dong, Y., Yger, M., Weisenburger, G., Polara, G. F., Chaigneau, T., Ochoa, R. Z., Marro, B., Lapergue, B., Alamowitch, S., Elbim, C. Tags: All Immunology, Infarction Article Source Type: research

Vasculitic neuropathy following exposure to minocycline
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the typical neuropathy associated with minocycline use is painful single or multiple mononeuropathy due to peripheral nerve vasculitis, which may also be accompanied by presumed CNS vasculitis (presenting as stroke).
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - November 12, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Baratta, J. M., Dyck, P. J. B., Brand, P., Thaisetthawatkul, P., Dyck, P. J., Engelstad, J. K., Goodman, B., Karam, C. Tags: All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Other cerebrovascular disease/ Stroke, All Immunology, Autoimmune diseases, Vasculitis Article Source Type: research

CNS Antigen-Specific Neuroinflammation Attenuates Ischemic Stroke With Involvement of Polarized Myeloid Cells
Discussion CNS autoantigen-specific autoimmunity has a protective influence on primary tissue damage after experimental stroke, indicating a very early involvement of CNS antigen-specific, myeloid cell-associated anti-inflammatory immune mechanisms that mitigate ischemic injury in the acute EAE phase.
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - June 8, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Guse, K., Hagemann, N., Thiele, L., Remlinger, J., Salmen, A., Hoepner, R., Keller, I., Meyer, P., Grandgirard, D., Leib, S. L., Vassella, E., Locatelli, G., Hermann, D. M., Chan, A. Tags: All Immunology, Multiple sclerosis, Infarction Research Article Source Type: research

Bilateral vertebral artery occlusion without headache in giant cell arteritis
We present a patient with GCA who had a cerebellar stroke and severe posterior circulation occlusive disease without headache.
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - July 27, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Khandelwal, P., Guan, H., Chaturvedi, S. Tags: Other cerebrovascular disease/ Stroke, All Clinical Neurology Clinical/Scientific Notes Source Type: research

Circulating inflammatory biomarkers are related to cerebrovascular disease in older adults
Conclusions Among older adults, increased circulating inflammatory biomarkers were associated with the presence of infarcts and microbleeds, WMH burden, and progression of WMH.
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - November 14, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Gu, Y., Gutierrez, J., Meier, I. B., Guzman, V. A., Manly, J. J., Schupf, N., Brickman, A. M., Mayeux, R. Tags: All Imaging, All Immunology, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, All Cognitive Disorders/Dementia, All epidemiology Article Source Type: research

CNS inflammatory vasculopathy with antimyelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in COVID-19
A 44-year-old right-handed woman reported a gradual onset of right hand incoordination seven days after the onset of minor respiratory symptoms and pruritus due to COVID-19 infection. Over 48 hours, the patient developed word-finding difficulties and progression in right arm weakness leading to presentation to the emergency department as a suspected stroke.
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - June 9, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Pinto, A. A., Carroll, L. S., Nar, V., Varatharaj, A., Galea, I. Tags: MRI, Other cerebrovascular disease/ Stroke, Encephalitis, COVID-19 Clinical/Scientific Notes Source Type: research

A case of neonatal onset multisystem inflammatory disease supporting a role of interleukin-1{beta} in moyamoya syndrome
Moyamoya syndrome (MMS) is a chronic progressive cerebrovascular condition characterized by bilateral stenosis/occlusion of the terminal internal carotid artery (ICA) often extending to neighboring cerebral arteries with prominent collateral circulation and increased risk of hemorrhage. Symptoms include stroke, TIA, and headache.1 MMS's etiology is unknown. However, experimental evidence from arterial smooth muscle cells (SMC) derived from patients with MMS has suggested that interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β)-dependent prostaglandin overproduction plays a crucial role in its pathogenesis.2 Neonatal onset multisystem inflamma...
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - October 27, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Wohlrab, F., Bauknecht, C., Meisel, C., Dreier, J. P. Tags: Stroke in young adults, All Immunology, All Pediatric, Other neurocutaneous disorders Clinical/Scientific Notes Source Type: research

Presentations and mechanisms of CNS disorders related to COVID-19
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In addition to severe respiratory symptoms, there are a growing number of reports showing a wide range of CNS complications in patients with COVID-19. Here, we review the literature on these complications, ranging from nonspecific symptoms to necrotizing encephalopathies, encephalitis, myelitis, encephalomyelitis, endotheliitis, and stroke. We postulate that there are several different mechanisms involved in COVID-19–associated CNS dysfunction, particularly activation of inflammatory and thro...
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - December 11, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Bodro, M., Compta, Y., Sanchez-Valle, R. Tags: Other cerebrovascular disease/ Stroke, Encephalitis, COVID-19 Views [amp ] Reviews Source Type: research

Targeted RNA Sequencing of VZV-Infected Brain Vascular Adventitial Fibroblasts Indicates That Amyloid May Be Involved in VZV Vasculopathy
Discussion Gene expression profiles and pathway enrichment analysis of VZV-infected HBVAFs, as well as phenotypic studies, reveal features of pathologic vascular remodeling (e.g., increased cell migration and changes in the extracellular matrix) that can contribute to cerebrovascular disease. Furthermore, the discovery of amyloid-associated transcriptional pathways and intracellular amyloid deposition in HBVAFs raise the possibility that VZV vasculopathy is an amyloid disease. Amyloid deposition may contribute to cell death and loss of vascular wall integrity, as well as potentiate chronic inflammation in VZV vasculopathy,...
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - November 10, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Bubak, A. N., Como, C. N., Hassell, J. E., Mescher, T., Frietze, S. E., Niemeyer, C. S., Cohrs, R. J., Nagel, M. A. Tags: Vasculitis, Viral infections, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, All Cognitive Disorders/Dementia, Gene expression studies Article Source Type: research