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Source: Neural Plasticity

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Total 410 results found since Jan 2013.

Models to Tailor Brain Stimulation Therapies in Stroke.
We present evidence supporting the role of alternate substrates, which can be targeted instead in patients with greater damage and deficit. Building on this groundwork, this review will also discuss different frameworks on how to tailor brain stimulation therapies. To the best of our knowledge, our report is the first instance that enumerates and compares across theoretical models from upper limb recovery and conditions like aphasia and depression. Here, we explain how different models capture heterogeneity across patients and how they can be used to predict which patients would best respond to what treatments to develop t...
Source: Neural Plasticity - March 24, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Plow EB, Sankarasubramanian V, Cunningham DA, Potter-Baker K, Varnerin N, Cohen LG, Sterr A, Conforto AB, Machado AG Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

The Neural Correlates of Long-Term Carryover following Functional Electrical Stimulation for Stroke.
Abstract Neurorehabilitation effective delivery for stroke is likely to be improved by establishing a mechanistic understanding of how to enhance adaptive plasticity. Functional electrical stimulation is effective at reducing poststroke foot drop; in some patients, the effect persists after therapy has finished with an unknown mechanism. We used fMRI to examine neural correlates of functional electrical stimulation key elements, volitional intent to move and concurrent stimulation, in a group of chronic stroke patients receiving functional electrical stimulation for foot-drop correction. Patients exhibited task-re...
Source: Neural Plasticity - April 14, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Gandolla M, Ward NS, Molteni F, Guanziroli E, Ferrigno G, Pedrocchi A Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

Short-Term Effect of Prosthesis Transforming Sensory Modalities on Walking in Stroke Patients with Hemiparesis.
This study investigated the short-term effect of the auditory feedback prosthesis on walking in stroke patients with hemiparesis. To evaluate the effect, we compared four conditions of auditory feedback from plantar sensors at the heel and fifth metatarsal. We found significant differences in the maximum hip extension angle and ankle plantar flexor moment on the affected side during the stance phase, between conditions with and without auditory feedback signals. These results indicate that our sensory prosthesis could enhance walking performance in stroke patients with hemiparesis, resulting in effective short-term rehabil...
Source: Neural Plasticity - August 24, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Owaki D, Sekiguchi Y, Honda K, Ishiguro A, Izumi S Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

MRI Biomarkers for Hand-Motor Outcome Prediction and Therapy Monitoring following Stroke.
Abstract Several biomarkers have been identified which enable a considerable prediction of hand-motor outcome after cerebral damage already in the subacute stage after stroke. We here review the value of MRI biomarkers in the evaluation of corticospinal integrity and functional recruitment of motor resources. Many of the functional imaging parameters are not feasible early after stroke or for patients with high impairment and low compliance. Whereas functional connectivity parameters have demonstrated varying results on their predictive value for hand-motor outcome, corticospinal integrity evaluation using structu...
Source: Neural Plasticity - October 19, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Horn U, Grothe M, Lotze M Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

The Cognitive Neuroplasticity of Reading Recovery following Chronic Stroke: A Representational Similarity Analysis Approach.
Abstract Damage to certain left hemisphere regions leads to reading impairments, at least acutely, though some individuals eventually recover reading. Previous neuroimaging studies have shown a relationship between reading recovery and increases in contralesional and perilesional activation during word reading tasks, relative to controls. Questions remain about how to interpret these changes in activation. Do these changes reflect functional take-over, a reorganization of functions in the damaged brain? Or do they reveal compensatory masquerade or the use of alternative neural pathways to reading that are availabl...
Source: Neural Plasticity - March 9, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Fischer-Baum S, Jang A, Kajander D Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

Intrahemispheric Perfusion in Chronic Stroke-Induced Aphasia.
Abstract Stroke-induced alterations in cerebral blood flow (perfusion) may contribute to functional language impairments and recovery in chronic aphasia. Using MRI, we examined perfusion in the right and left hemispheres of 35 aphasic and 16 healthy control participants. Across 76 regions (38 per hemisphere), no significant between-subjects differences were found in the left, whereas blood flow in the right was increased in the aphasic compared to the control participants. Region-of-interest (ROI) analyses showed a varied pattern of hypo- and hyperperfused regions across hemispheres in the aphasic participants; ho...
Source: Neural Plasticity - April 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Thompson CK, Walenski M, Chen Y, Caplan D, Kiran S, Rapp B, Grunewald K, Nunez M, Zinbarg R, Parrish TB Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

Astrocytes and the Warning Signs of Intracerebral Hemorrhagic Stroke.
Abstract Two decades into the two thousands, intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke (ICH) continues to reap lives across the globe. In the US, nearly 12,000 people suffer from ICH every year. Half of them survive, but many are left with permanent physical and cognitive disabilities, the severity of which depends on the location and broadness of the brain region affected by the hemorrhage. The ongoing efforts to identify risk factors for hemorrhagic stroke have been instrumental for the development of new medical practices to prevent, aid the recovery and reduce the risk of recurring ICH. Recent efforts approach the stud...
Source: Neural Plasticity - March 15, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Scimemi A Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

Green Tea and Red Tea from Camellia sinensis Partially Prevented the Motor Deficits and Striatal Oxidative Damage Induced by Hemorrhagic Stroke in Rats.
In this study, we investigated the effects of supplementation with green tea and red tea from Camellia sinensis on motor deficits and striatum oxidative damage in rats submitted to hemorrhagic stroke (ICH). Male Wistar rats were supplemented with green tea, red tea, or vehicle for 10 days prior to ICH induction. After injury, the rats were submitted to motor tests (open field for locomotion, rotarod for balance, and neurological deficit scale (NDS)) 1, 3, and 7 days after ICH induction, while the tea supplementation was maintained. Subsequently, the rats were euthanized to striatal tissue dissection for biochemical analyze...
Source: Neural Plasticity - September 5, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Sosa PM, de Souza MA, Mello-Carpes PB Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

Effects of Mnemonic Strategy Training on Brain Activity and Cognitive Functioning of Left-Hemisphere Ischemic Stroke Patients.
In conclusion, these results suggest that face-name mnemonic strategy training has the potential to improve memory performance and to foster brain activation changes, by the recruitment of contralesional areas from default-mode, frontoparietal, and dorsal attention networks as a possible compensation mechanism. PMID: 31210761 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Neural Plasticity - June 20, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Batista AX, Bazán PR, Conforto AB, Martin MDGM, Simon SS, Hampstead B, Figueiredo EG, Miotto EC Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

Targeted Engagement of the Action Selection Network during Task-Oriented Arm Training after Stroke.
Abstract Action selection (AS), or selection of an action from a set of alternatives, is an important movement preparation process that engages a frontal-parietal network. The addition of AS demands to arm training after stroke could be used to engage this motor planning process and the neural network that supports it. The purpose of this case series is to describe the feasibility and outcomes associated with task-oriented arm training aimed at engaging the AS behavioral process and the related neural network in three individuals with chronic stroke. Three participants with mild to moderate motor deficits complete...
Source: Neural Plasticity - October 10, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Stewart JC, Handlery K, Baird JF, Blanck EL, Pathak G, Fritz SL Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

Sensorimotor, Attentional, and Neuroanatomical Predictors of Upper Limb Motor Deficits and Rehabilitation Outcome after Stroke
Neural Plast. 2021 Apr 1;2021:8845685. doi: 10.1155/2021/8845685. eCollection 2021.ABSTRACTThe rehabilitation of motor deficits following stroke relies on both sensorimotor and cognitive abilities, thereby involving large-scale brain networks. However, few studies have investigated the integration between motor and cognitive domains, as well as its neuroanatomical basis. In this retrospective study, upper limb motor responsiveness to technology-based rehabilitation was examined in a sample of 29 stroke patients (18 with right and 11 with left brain damage). Pretreatment sensorimotor and attentional abilities were found to ...
Source: Neural Plasticity - April 19, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Daniela D'Imperio Zaira Romeo Lorenza Maistrello Eugenia Durgoni Camilla Della Piet à Michele De Filippo De Grazia Francesca Meneghello Andrea Turolla Marco Zorzi Source Type: research

Muscle Fiber Diameter and Density Alterations after Stroke Examined by Single-Fiber EMG
This study presents single-fiber electromyography (EMG) analysis for assessment of paretic muscle changes after stroke. Single-fiber action potentials (SFAPs) were recorded from the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle bilaterally in 12 individuals with hemiparetic stroke. The SFAP parameters, including the negative peak duration and the peak-peak amplitude, were measured and further used to estimate muscle fiber diameter through a model based on the quadratic function. The SFAP parameters, fiber density, and muscle fiber diameter derived from the model were compared between the paretic and contralateral muscles. The res...
Source: Neural Plasticity - August 26, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Chengjun Huang Bo Yao Xiaoyan Li Sheng Li Ping Zhou Source Type: research