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Association of HIV and Opportunistic Infections With Incident Stroke: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan
Conclusions: Patients with HIV had an increased risk of stroke, particularly those with cryptococcal meningitis, cytomegalovirus, or P. marneffei infection.
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - January 12, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Types of Stroke Among People Living With HIV in the United States
Conclusion: Ischemic stroke, particularly small vessel and cardioembolic subtypes, were the most common strokes among PLWH. Traditional and HIV-related risk factors differed by stroke type/subtype. Precipitating factors including infections and drug use were common. These results suggest that there may be different biological phenomena occurring among PLWH and that understanding HIV-related and traditional risk factors and in particular precipitating factors for each type/subtype may be key to understanding, and therefore preventing, strokes among PLWH.
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - March 18, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

CD4:CD8 Ratio and CD8 Cell Count and Their Prognostic Relevance for Coronary Heart Disease Events and Stroke in Antiretroviral Treated Individuals: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study
Conclusions: This analysis of treated HIV-positive individuals within a large cohort with long-term follow-up does not provide evidence for a prognostic role of immune dysregulation regarding CHD. However, increased CD8 cell count may be a moderate risk factor for stroke. Early detection and treatment of HIV-positive individuals are crucial for an optimal immune restoration and a limited CD8 cells expansion.
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - November 13, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Brief Report: Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors Are Associated With Lower Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease in People Living With HIV
Conclusion: In this cohort, INSTI-based regimens were associated with a 21% decreased risk of incident cardiovascular disease. These finding require validation in other cohorts and with longer follow-up.
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - June 25, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Prognosis of Stroke Among People Living With HIV and Its Relationship With Admission to Specialized Stroke Units
No abstract available
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - August 19, 2021 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Use of Abacavir and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among HIV-Infected Individuals
Background: Evidence is conflicting about the association of abacavir use and cardiovascular disease (CVD) among HIV-infected individuals. Previous studies may have been biased by the preferential initiation or continuation of abacavir in patients with renal dysfunction. Methods: We conducted a cohort study in Kaiser Permanente California during 1998–2011, following HIV-infected adults initiating antiretroviral therapy until the earliest of CVD (ie, coronary heart disease or ischemic stroke), health plan disenrollment, death, or end of study. We used inverse-probability weighting to fit marginal structural models to est...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - February 25, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Relationship Between HIV Infection, Antiretroviral Therapy, Inflammatory Markers, and Cerebrovascular Endothelial Function Among Adults in Urban China
Conclusions: Cerebrovascular endothelial dysfunction associated with HIV infection may be most relevant for individuals with less traditional vascular risk, such as those with lower cholesterol. Further study of the impact of ART on cerebrovascular endothelial function is warranted to aid with ART selection in individuals at high cerebrovascular risk.
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - February 14, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Insomnia as an Independent Predictor of Incident Cardiovascular Disease in HIV: Data From the Veterans Aging Cohort Study
Background: Insomnia is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in the general population and is highly prevalent in people with HIV. The CVD risk conferred by insomnia in the HIV population is unknown. Methods: Using the Veterans Aging Cohort Study Survey Cohort, insomnia symptoms were measured and dummy coded with the item, “Difficulty falling or staying asleep?” (5-point scale from no difficulty to bothers a lot). Incident CVD event ICD-9 codes (acute myocardial infarction, stroke, or coronary artery revascularization) were identified with the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and Medicare...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - April 9, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Brief Report: Relationship Between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Disease in Persons With HIV
Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and HIV are independently associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the factors associated with NAFLD in persons living with HIV (PWH) and whether CVD is more frequent in PWH with NAFLD are currently unknown. Methods: From the Partners HealthCare Research Patient Data Registry, we identified PWH with and without NAFLD between 2010 and 2017. NAFLD was defined using validated histological or radiographic criteria. CVD was defined by an ICD-9 diagnosis of coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, peripheral vascular diseas...
Source: JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes - June 25, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research