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Interpretable machine learning for predicting 28-day all-cause in-hospital mortality for hypertensive ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke patients in the ICU: a multi-center retrospective cohort study with internal and external cross-validation
ConclusionsThe XGBoost model accurately predicted 28-day all-cause in-hospital mortality among hypertensive ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke patients admitted to the ICU. The SHAP method can provide explicit explanations of personalized risk prediction, which can aid physicians in understanding the model.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - August 8, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Association between intracranial vessel calcifications, structural brain damage, and cognitive impairment after minor strokes: a prospective study
ConclusionOur findings suggest that the ICCS, which is a simple and readily available imaging marker on NCCT, is associated with brain atrophy, microstructural damage, the extent of SVD, and may predict PSCI. This finding has implications for identifying individuals at risk for PSCI and implementing targeted interventions to mitigate this risk.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - July 18, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Ischemic stroke caused by large-artery atherosclerosis: a red flag for subclinical coronary artery disease
ConclusionThe frequency of coronary calcification was higher in subjects with stroke caused by large-artery atherosclerosis than in controls.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 12, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Vitamin D supplementation and risk of stroke: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
ConclusionOur study revealed that additional vitamin D supplementation did not reduce the risk of stroke. Therefore, additional RCTs of similar design should not be encouraged to assess any association between vitamin D supplementation and reduced stroke risk.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - August 18, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Usability of serum annexin A7 as a biochemical marker of poor outcome and early neurological deterioration after acute primary intracerebral hemorrhage: A prospective cohort study
ConclusionSerum ANXA7 may represent a useful blood-derived biomarker for assessing the severity, END, and prognosis of ICH.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - August 8, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Association between serum calcium levels and first stroke: A community-based nested case-control study
ConclusionsOur results suggested a U-shaped association between serum calcium and first stroke; both low and high serum calcium levels were associated with an increased risk of the first stroke in the Chinese population.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - August 5, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Admission Serum Calcium Level and Short-Term Mortality After Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Secondary Analysis Based on a Norwegian Retrospective Cohort
ConclusionACSC is positively associated with 30-day mortality in IS patients, and the relationship between them is linear.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - June 15, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Exosomal microRNAs as Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Agents for Acute Ischemic Stroke: New Expectations
The morbidity and mortality rates of ischemic stroke (IS) are very high, and IS constitutes one of the main causes of disability and death worldwide. The pathogenesis of ischemic stroke includes excitotoxicity, calcium overload, oxygen radical injury, inflammatory reactions, necrosis/apoptosis, destruction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and other pathologic processes. Recent studies have shown that exosomes are critical to the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of cerebral infarctions resulting from ischemic stroke; and there is growing interest in the role of exosomes and exosomal miRNAs in the diagnosis and treatm...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - January 24, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Association Between 18-FDG Positron Emission Tomography and MRI Biomarkers of Plaque Vulnerability in Patients With Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis
Conclusion: This study demonstrated novel correlations of non-invasive imaging biomarkers of inflammation-related plaque metabolism with morphological MRI markers of plaque instability. If replicated, our findings may support the application of combined MRI and PET to detect vulnerable plaque in future clinical practise and randomised trials.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - December 23, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cervicocephalic Spotty Calcium for the Prediction of Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Conclusion: SC correlates significantly with the CACS and could serve as an independent predictor of CAS ≥ 50% in patients with AIS, which suggests that combined cerebrovascular and cardiovascular assessments are of importance for such patients.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 13, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Dual Energy Computed Tomography of Internal Carotid Artery: A Modified Dual-Energy Algorithm for Calcified Plaque Removal, Compared With Digital Subtraction Angiography
Conclusions: The proposed DECT with a modified three-material decomposition algorithm for calcium removal has high sensitivity for the detection of relevant stenoses, and its results were more strongly correlated with DSA than with those of conventional CTA or the previous non-modified algorithm. Further, it overcomes CTA's previous problem of overestimating the degree of stenosis because of blooming artifacts caused by calcified plaques. It is useful to account for calcified plaques while evaluating carotid stenosis.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - February 4, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Multifaceted Role of Astrocyte Connexin 43 in Ischemic Stroke Through Forming Hemichannels and Gap Junctions
In this study, we review the changes in astrocytic Cx43 expression and distribution as well as the influence of these changes on the function of astrocytes and other cells in the CNS, providing new insight into the pathology of ischemic stroke injury; we also discuss the potential of astrocytic Cx43 as a target for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - July 30, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Coronary Calcium Score for the Prediction of Asymptomatic Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Ischemic Stroke
Conclusion: The necessity for CAC evaluation could be determined based on the presence of risk factors and significant stenosis of the cervicocephalic arteries. CAC evaluation may be useful for screening for severe CAD in stroke patients.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - March 26, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Relationship Between Sleep Apnea and Coronary Artery Calcium in Patients With Ischemic Stroke
Conclusion: Our findings indicate a relationship between coronary atherosclerotic burden measured by the CAC score and the severity of sleep apnea. Performing polysomnography could be useful for investigating the severity of hidden coronary artery disease among these patients.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - July 30, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Correlation Between Intracranial Arterial Calcification and Imaging of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Conclusion: Intracranial artery calcification is common in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease and the intracranial carotid artery is most frequently affected. Intracranial arterial calcifications might be associated with imaging markers of SVD and are highly correlated with WMHs, lacunes, and CMBs. Quantification of calcification on CT provides additional information on the pathophysiology of SVD. Intracranial arterial calcification could act as a potential marker of SVD. Introduction Atherosclerosis is a systemic vascular process that is considered a major cause of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular di...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 30, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

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