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Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology
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Total 379 results found since Jan 2013.
Chinese Herbal Medicine Xingnaojing Injection for Acute Ischemic Stroke: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
Conclusion: XNJ appears to be effective and safe for acute IS in improving the neurological deficits, but the evidence is not robust enough. However, whether administering XNJ immediately after or within 24 h of IS is best remains unknown due to the lack of data. Well-designed large-scale randomized controlled trials with measurable outcomes are required in future studies.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 18, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Polyphenolic-Rich Compounds From Dillenia pentagyna (Roxb.) Attenuates the Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity: A High-Frequency Ultrasonography Assisted Approach
Cardiovascular complications are the foremost concern in patients undergoing anticancer therapy. There is an unmet need to address the problems arising from the drug-induced toxicity for the long-term benefit of the patients undergoing chemotherapy. Alternative medicines are gaining their prosperity in addressing the various drug-induced organ toxicity. Dillenia pentagyna Roxb (DP) is an ethnomedicinal plant rich in flavonoids and phenolic contents. In India & Nepal, DP is a common ingredient of traditional medicines used to treat multiple ailments like inflammation, cancer, and diabetes. However, its protective role a...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 17, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Metabolic Aspects of Adenosine Functions in the Brain
Adenosine, acting both through G-protein coupled adenosine receptors and intracellularly, plays a complex role in multiple physiological and pathophysiological processes by modulating neuronal plasticity, astrocytic activity, learning and memory, motor function, feeding, control of sleep and aging. Adenosine is involved in stroke, epilepsy and neurodegenerative pathologies. Extracellular concentration of adenosine in the brain is tightly regulated. Adenosine may be generated intracellularly in the central nervous system from degradation of AMP or from the hydrolysis of S-adenosyl homocysteine, and then exit via bi-directio...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 14, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Neuroprotective and Angiogenesis Effects of Levetiracetam Following Ischemic Stroke in Rats
Conclusion: LEV treatment promoted angiogenesis and functional recovery after cerebral ischemia in rats. These effects seem to be mediated through anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic activities, as well as inducing the expression of HSP70, VEGF, and HIF-1α.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 14, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Natural Compounds as Medical Strategies in the Prevention and Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders Seen in Neurological Diseases
Psychiatric disorders are frequently encountered in many neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson diseases along with epilepsy, migraine, essential tremors, and stroke. The most common comorbid diagnoses in neurological diseases are depression and anxiety disorders along with cognitive impairment. Whether the underlying reason is due to common neurochemical mechanisms or loss of previous functioning level, comorbidities are often overlooked. Various treatment options are available, such as pharmacological treatments, cognitive-behavioral therapy, somatic interventions, or electroconvulsive therapy. Howev...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 13, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Chinese Herbal Medicines and Active Metabolites: Potential Antioxidant Treatments for Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is a complex chronic disease that occurs in the arterial wall. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the occurrence and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. The dominance of oxidative stress over antioxidative capacity generates excess reactive oxygen species, leading to dysfunctions of the endothelium and accelerating atherosclerotic plaque progression. Studies showed that Chinese herbal medicines and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) might regulate oxidative stress; they have already been used to treat diseases related to atherosclerosis, including stroke and myocardial infarction. This review will...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 13, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Guhong Injection Protects Against Apoptosis in Cerebral Ischemia by Maintaining Cerebral Microvasculature and Mitochondrial Integrity Through the PI3K/AKT Pathway
Guhong injection (GHI) can be used for the treatment of ischemic stroke. We investigated the antiapoptotic activity of GHI, its ability to repair the cerebral microvessels and mitochondria, and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway of GHI against cerebral ischemia. Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses were used to determine the expression of cleaved caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), cytochrome c (Cyt-c), basic fibroblast growth factor (BFGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and proteins in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Transmission electron microscopy and scannin...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 13, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Impact of DAA Treatment on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Chronic HCV Infection: An Update
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a systemic disease associated with multiple significant extrahepatic manifestations. Emerging studies indicate association between the HCV infection and a higher incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events such as: coronary artery disease, heart failure, stroke and peripheral artery disease, when compared to general population. Atherosclerosis is a common pathophysiologic mechanism of cardiovascular disease (CVD) development which is the leading cause of mortality in the Western world. Proposed mechanisms of HCV-induced atherosclerosis includes systemic inflammation due to the chro...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 11, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
BYHWD Alleviates Inflammatory Response by NIK-Mediated Repression of the Noncanonical NF- κB Pathway During ICH Recovery
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a life-threatening type of stroke that lacks effective treatments. The inflammatory response following ICH is a vital response that affects brain repair and organism recovery. The nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway is considered one of the most important inflammatory response pathways and one of its response pathways, the noncanonical NF-κB signaling pathway, is known to be associated with persistent effect and chronic inflammation. NF-κB–inducing kinase (NIK) via the noncanonical NF-κB signaling plays a key role in controlling inflammation. Here, we investigated potential ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 7, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
NmFGF1-Regulated Glucolipid Metabolism and Angiogenesis Improves Functional Recovery in a Mouse Model of Diabetic Stroke and Acts via the AMPK Signaling Pathway
Diabetes increases the risk of stroke, exacerbates neurological deficits, and increases mortality. Non-mitogenic fibroblast growth factor 1 (nmFGF1) is a powerful neuroprotective factor that is also regarded as a metabolic regulator. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of nmFGF1 on the improvement of functional recovery in a mouse model of type 2 diabetic (T2D) stroke. We established a mouse model of T2D stroke by photothrombosis in mice that were fed a high-fat diet and injected with streptozotocin (STZ). We found that nmFGF1 reduced the size of the infarct and attenuated neurobehavioral deficits in our mous...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 7, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Osthole Ameliorates Estrogen Deficiency-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Female Mice
This study examined whether OST improves ovariectomy (OVX)-induced cognitive impairment, and alleviates anxiety- and depression-like behaviors induced by OVX in mice. Adult female C57BL/6J mice were ovariectomized and then treated with OST at a dose of 30 mg/kg for 14 days. At the end of the treatment period, behavioral tests were used to evaluate spatial learning and memory, recognition memory, anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. A cohort of the mice were sacrificed after 14 days of OST treatment and their hippocampi were collected for measurement of the proteins of interest using western blot. OVX-induced alterati...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 6, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Progress in Borneol Intervention for Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review
Conclusion: Borneol prevents neuronal injury after cerebral ischemia via multiple action mechanisms, and it can mobilize endogenous nutritional factors to hasten repair and regeneration of brain tissue. Because the neuroprotective effects of borneol are mediated by various therapeutic factors, deficiency caused by a single-target drug is avoided. Besides, borneol promotes other drugs to pass through the blood-brain barrier to exert synergistic therapeutic effects.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 4, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Autophagy is Involved in Neuroprotective Effect of Alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor on Ischemic Stroke
The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) belongs to the superfamily of cys loop cationic ligand-gated channels, which consists of homogeneous α7 subunits. Although our lab found that activation of α7nAChR could alleviate ischemic stroke, the mechanism is still unknown. Herein, we explored whether autophagy is involved in the neuroprotective effect mediated by α7nAChR in ischemic stroke. Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) and oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD/R) exposure were applied to in vivo and in vitro models of ischemic stroke, respectively. Neurological deficit score and infarct volume...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 29, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Berberine Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Induced Neuronal Apoptosis by Down-Regulating the CNPY2 Signaling Pathway
This study explored the effect of BBR on the canopy FGF signaling regulator 2 (CNPY2) signaling pathway in the ischemic penumbra of rats. The model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) was established by the thread embolization method, and BBR was gastrically perfused for 48 h or 24 h before operation and 6 h after operation. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: the Sham group, BBR group, CIRI group, and CIRI + BBR group. After 2 h of ischemia, followed by 24 h of reperfusion, we confirmed the neurologic dysfunction and apoptosis induced by CIRI in rats (p < 0.05). In the ischemic penumbra, th...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 28, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Disease Status –Dependent Drug–Herb Interactions: NASH Lowered the Risk of Hepatotoxicity in Rats Coadministered With Simvastatin and Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis
Concurrent use of simvastatin (SV) and Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis (GJ) was adopted in patients with multi-morbidity, such as stroke rehabilitation patients with NASH. Although hepatotoxicity has been reported in both of them and NASH could alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs/herbs, the interaction between SV and GJ and the related hepatotoxicity remained uninvestigated under neither healthy nor NASH condition. The current study aimed to evaluate the potential hepatotoxicity resulted from the interactions between SV and GJ in both healthy and NASH rats. Both healthy and NASH rats received two-week SV (p. o., 8.66 mg/kg,...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 23, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
