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Source: The Lancet
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Total 200 results found since Jan 2013.
Efficacy and safety of LDL-lowering therapy among men and women: meta-analysis of individual data from 174 000 participants in 27 randomised trials
Publication date: Available online 9 January 2015 Source:The Lancet Background Whether statin therapy is as effective in women as in men is debated, especially for primary prevention. We undertook a meta-analysis of statin trials in the Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Collaboration database to compare the effects of statin therapy between women and men. Methods We performed meta-analyses on data from 22 trials of statin therapy versus control (n=134 537) and five trials of more-intensive versus less-intensive statin therapy (n=39 612). Effects on major vascular events, major coronary events, stroke, coronary re...
Source: The Lancet - January 9, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research
50 year trends in atrial fibrillation prevalence, incidence, risk factors, and mortality in the Framingham Heart Study: a cohort study
Publication date: Available online 7 May 2015 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Renate B Schnabel , Xiaoyan Yin , Philimon Gona , Martin G Larson , Alexa S Beiser , David D McManus , Christopher Newton-Cheh , Steven A Lubitz , Jared W Magnani , Patrick T Ellinor , Sudha Seshadri , Philip A Wolf , Ramachandran S Vasan , Emelia J Benjamin , Daniel Levy Background Comprehensive long-term data on atrial fibrillation trends in men and women are scant. We aimed to provide such data through analysis of the Framingham cohort over 50 years. Methods We investigated trends in incidence, prevalence, and risk factors for atrial fibrillat...
Source: The Lancet - May 9, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research
Prognostic value of grip strength: findings from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study
This study suggests that measurement of grip strength is a simple, inexpensive risk-stratifying method for all-cause death, cardiovascular death, and cardiovascular disease. Further research is needed to identify determinants of muscular strength and to test whether improvement in strength reduces mortality and cardiovascular disease. Funding Full funding sources listed at end of paper (see Acknowledgments).
Source: The Lancet - May 15, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research
Alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease, cancer, injury, admission to hospital, and mortality: a prospective cohort study
Publication date: Available online 17 September 2015 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Andrew Smyth, Koon K Teo, Sumathy Rangarajan, Martin O'Donnell, Xiaohe Zhang, Punam Rana, Darryl P Leong, Gilles Dagenais, Pamela Seron, Annika Rosengren, Aletta E Schutte, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Ayetkin Oguz, Jephat Chifamba, Rafael Diaz, Scott Lear, Alvaro Avezum, Rajesh Kumar, Viswanathan Mohan, Andrzej Szuba, Li Wei, Wang Yang, Bo Jian, Martin McKee, Salim Yusuf Background Alcohol consumption is proposed to be the third most important modifiable risk factor for death and disability. However, alcohol consumpti...
Source: The Lancet - September 18, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research
Outcomes after thrombus aspiration for ST elevation myocardial infarction: 1-year follow-up of the prospective randomised TOTAL trial
Publication date: Available online 22 October 2015 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Sanjit S Jolly, John A Cairns, Salim Yusuf, Michael J Rokoss, Peggy Gao, Brandi Meeks, Sasko Kedev, Goran Stankovic, Raul Moreno, Anthony Gershlick, Saqib Chowdhary, Shahar Lavi, Kari Niemela, Ivo Bernat, Warren J Cantor, Asim N Cheema, Philippe Gabriel Steg, Robert C Welsh, Tej Sheth, Olivier F Bertrand, Alvaro Avezum, Ravinay Bhindi, Madhu K Natarajan, David Horak, Raymond C M Leung, Saleem Kassam, Sunil V Rao, Magdi El-Omar, Shamir R Mehta, James L Velianou, Samir Pancholy, Vladimír Džavík Background Two ...
Source: The Lancet - October 23, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research
Effects of intensive blood pressure lowering on cardiovascular and renal outcomes: updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Publication date: Available online 7 November 2015 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Xinfang Xie, Emily Atkins, Jicheng Lv, Alexander Bennett, Bruce Neal, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Mark Woodward, Stephen MacMahon, Fiona Turnbull, Graham S Hillis, John Chalmers, Jonathan Mant, Abdul Salam, Kazem Rahimi, Vlado Perkovic, Anthony Rodgers Background Recent hypertension guidelines have reversed previous recommendations for lower blood pressure targets in high-risk patients, such as those with cardiovascular disease, renal disease, or diabetes. This change represents uncertainty about whether more intensive blood pressure-...
Source: The Lancet - November 9, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research
Hydroxycarbamide versus chronic transfusion for maintenance of transcranial doppler flow velocities in children with sickle cell anaemia—TCD With Transfusions Changing to Hydroxyurea (TWiTCH): a multicentre, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority trial
This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01425307. Findings Between Sept 20, 2011, and April 17, 2013, 159 patients consented and enrolled in TWiTCH. 121 participants passed screening and were then randomly assigned to treatment (61 to transfusions and 60 to hydroxycarbamide). At the first scheduled interim analysis, non-inferiority was shown and the sponsor terminated the study. Final model-based TCD velocities were 143 cm/s (95% CI 140–146) in children who received standard transfusions and 138 cm/s (135–142) in those who received hydroxycarbamide, with a difference of 4·54 (0·10–8·98). Non-i...
Source: The Lancet - December 7, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research
Invasive versus conservative strategy in patients aged 80 years or older with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction or unstable angina pectoris (After Eighty study): an open-label randomised controlled trial
This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01255540. Findings During a median follow-up of 1·53 years of participants recruited between Dec 10, 2010, and Feb 21, 2014, the primary outcome occurred in 93 (40·6%) of 229 patients assigned to the invasive group and 140 (61·4%) of 228 patients assigned to the conservative group (hazard ratio [HR] 0·53 [95% CI 0·41–0·69], p=0·0001). Five patients dropped out of the invasive group and one from the conservative group. HRs for the four components of the primary composite endpoint were 0·52 (0·35–0·76; p=0·0010) for myocardial infarction, 0·19 (0·0...
Source: The Lancet - January 13, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research
Edoxaban versus enoxaparin –warfarin in patients undergoing cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (ENSURE-AF): a randomised, open-label, phase 3b trial
Publication date: Available online 30 August 2016 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Andreas Goette, Jose L Merino, Michael D Ezekowitz, Dmitry Zamoryakhin, Michael Melino, James Jin, Michele F Mercuri, Michael A Grosso, Victor Fernandez, Naab Al-Saady, Natalya Pelekh, Bela Merkely, Sergey Zenin, Mykola Kushnir, Jindrich Spinar, Valeriy Batushkin, Joris R de Groot, Gregory Y H Lip Background Edoxaban, an oral factor Xa inhibitor, is non-inferior for prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation and is associated with less bleeding than well controlled enoxaparin–warfarin therapy. Few safety d...
Source: The Lancet - August 30, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research
Percutaneous coronary angioplasty versus coronary artery bypass grafting in treatment of unprotected left main stenosis (NOBLE): a prospective, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial
Publication date: Available online 31 October 2016 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Timo Mäkikallio, Niels R Holm, Mitchell Lindsay, Mark S Spence, Andrejs Erglis, Ian B A Menown, Thor Trovik, Markku Eskola, Hannu Romppanen, Thomas Kellerth, Jan Ravkilde, Lisette O Jensen, Gintaras Kalinauskas, Rikard B A Linder, Markku Pentikainen, Anders Hervold, Adrian Banning, Azfar Zaman, Jamen Cotton, Erlend Eriksen, Sulev Margus, Henrik T Sørensen, Per H Nielsen, Matti Niemelä, Kari Kervinen, Jens F Lassen, Michael Maeng, Keith Oldroyd, Geoff Berg, Simon J Walsh, Colm G Hanratty, Indulis Kumsars, Peteris Stradins, Terje K Steigen, O...
Source: The Lancet - October 31, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research
Age-specific risks, severity, time course, and outcome of bleeding on long-term antiplatelet treatment after vascular events: a population-based cohort study
Publication date: Available online 13 June 2017 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Linxin Li, Olivia C Geraghty, Ziyah Mehta, Peter M Rothwell Background Lifelong antiplatelet treatment is recommended after ischaemic vascular events, on the basis of trials done mainly in patients younger than 75 years. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a serious complication, but had low case fatality in trials of aspirin and is not generally thought to cause long-term disability. Consequently, although co-prescription of proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) reduces upper gastrointestinal bleeds by 70–90%, uptake is low and guidelines are conflicti...
Source: The Lancet - June 15, 2017 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Guided de-escalation of antiplatelet treatment in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (TROPICAL-ACS): a randomised, open-label, multicentre trial
This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01959451, and EudraCT, 2013-001636-22. Findings Between Dec 2, 2013, and May 20, 2016, 2610 patients were assigned to study groups; 1304 to the guided de-escalation group and 1306 to the control group. The primary endpoint occurred in 95 patients (7%) in the guided de-escalation group and in 118 patients (9%) in the control group (pnon-inferiority=0·0004; hazard ratio [HR] 0·81 [95% CI 0·62–1·06], psuperiority=0·12). Despite early de-escalation, there was no increase in the combined risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke in the de-es...
Source: The Lancet - August 29, 2017 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Clinical efficacy and safety of achieving very low LDL-cholesterol concentrations with the PCSK9 inhibitor evolocumab: a prespecified secondary analysis of the FOURIER trial
Publication date: Available online 28 August 2017 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Robert P Giugliano, Terje R Pedersen, Jeong-Gun Park, Gaetano M De Ferrari, Zbigniew A Gaciong, Richard Ceska, Kalman Toth, Ioanna Gouni-Berthold, Jose Lopez-Miranda, François Schiele, François Mach, Brian R Ott, Estella Kanevsky, Armando Lira Pineda, Ransi Somaratne, Scott M Wasserman, Anthony C Keech, Peter S Sever, Marc S Sabatine Background LDL cholesterol is a well established risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. How much one should or safely can lower this risk factor remains debated. We aimed to explore the relations...
Source: The Lancet - August 29, 2017 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
Fruit, vegetable, and legume intake, and cardiovascular disease and deaths in 18 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study
Publication date: Available online 29 August 2017 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Victoria Miller, Andrew Mente, Mahshid Dehghan, Sumathy Rangarajan, Xiaohe Zhang, Sumathi Swaminathan, Gilles Dagenais, Rajeev Gupta, Viswanathan Mohan, Scott Lear, Shrikant I Bangdiwala, Aletta E Schutte, Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen, Alvaro Avezum, Yuksel Altuntas, Khalid Yusoff, Noorhassim Ismail, Nasheeta Peer, Jephat Chifamba, Rafael Diaz, Omar Rahman, Noushin Mohammadifard, Fernando Lana, Katarzyna Zatonska, Andreas Wielgosz, Afzalhussein Yusufali, Romaina Iqbal, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Rasha Khatib, Annika Rosengren, V Raman Kutty, Wei Li...
Source: The Lancet - August 31, 2017 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
The effect of physical activity on mortality and cardiovascular disease in 130 000 people from 17 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: the PURE study
We examined whether different amounts and types of physical activity are associated with lower mortality and CVD in countries at different economic levels. Methods In this prospective cohort study, we recruited participants from 17 countries (Canada, Sweden, United Arab Emirates, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Poland, Turkey, Malaysia, South Africa, China, Colombia, Iran, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Zimbabwe). Within each country, urban and rural areas in and around selected cities and towns were identified to reflect the geographical diversity. Within these communities, we invited individuals aged between 35 and 70 years ...
Source: The Lancet - September 22, 2017 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research
