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Modifiable risk factors, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 155 722 individuals from 21 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study
We describe the prevalence, hazard ratios (HRs), and population-attributable fractions (PAFs) for cardiovascular disease and mortality associated with a cluster of behavioural factors (ie, tobacco use, alcohol, diet, physical activity, and sodium intake), metabolic factors (ie, lipids, blood pressure, diabetes, obesity), socioeconomic and psychosocial factors (ie, education, symptoms of depression), grip strength, and household and ambient pollution. Associations between risk factors and the outcomes were established using multivariable Cox frailty models and using PAFs for the entire cohort, and also by countries grouped ...
Source: The Lancet - September 3, 2019 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Effectiveness of polypill for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases (PolyIran): a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial
Publication date: 24–30 August 2019Source: The Lancet, Volume 394, Issue 10199Author(s): Gholamreza Roshandel, Masoud Khoshnia, Hossein Poustchi, Karla Hemming, Farin Kamangar, Abdolsamad Gharavi, Mohammad Reza Ostovaneh, Alireza Nateghi, Masoud Majed, Behrooz Navabakhsh, Shahin Merat, Akram Pourshams, Mahdi Nalini, Fatemeh Malekzadeh, Masoumeh Sadeghi, Noushin Mohammadifard, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Mohammad Naemi-Tabiei, Abdolreza Fazel, Paul BrennanSummaryBackgroundA fixed-dose combination therapy (polypill strategy) has been proposed as an approach to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease, especially in low-income ...
Source: The Lancet - August 23, 2019 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Mortality, morbidity, and risk factors in China and its provinces, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
Publication date: Available online 24 June 2019Source: The LancetAuthor(s): Maigeng Zhou, Haidong Wang, Xinying Zeng, Peng Yin, Jun Zhu, Wanqing Chen, Xiaohong Li, Lijun Wang, Limin Wang, Yunning Liu, Jiangmei Liu, Mei Zhang, Jinlei Qi, Shicheng Yu, Ashkan Afshin, Emmanuela Gakidou, Scott Glenn, Varsha Sarah Krish, Molly Katherine Miller-Petrie, W Cliff Mountjoy-VenningSummaryBackgroundPublic health is a priority for the Chinese Government. Evidence-based decision making for health at the province level in China, which is home to a fifth of the global population, is of paramount importance. This analysis uses data from the...
Source: The Lancet - June 25, 2019 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Carbohydrate quality and human health: a series of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Publication date: Available online 10 January 2019Source: The LancetAuthor(s): Andrew Reynolds, Jim Mann, John Cummings, Nicola Winter, Evelyn Mete, Lisa Te MorengaSummaryBackgroundPrevious systematic reviews and meta-analyses explaining the relationship between carbohydrate quality and health have usually examined a single marker and a limited number of clinical outcomes. We aimed to more precisely quantify the predictive potential of several markers, to determine which markers are most useful, and to establish an evidence base for quantitative recommendations for intakes of dietary fibre.MethodsWe did a series of systema...
Source: The Lancet - January 11, 2019 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Prevention of stroke: a global perspective
Publication date: 6–12 October 2018Source: The Lancet, Volume 392, Issue 10154Author(s): Jeyaraj D Pandian, Seana L Gall, Mahesh P Kate, Gisele S Silva, Rufus O Akinyemi, Bruce I Ovbiagele, Pablo M Lavados, Dorcas B C Gandhi, Amanda G ThriftSummaryAlong with the rising global burden of disability attributed to stroke, costs of stroke care are rising, providing the impetus to direct our research focus towards effective measures of stroke prevention. In this Series paper, we discuss strategies for reducing the risk of the emergence of disease (primordial prevention), preventing the onset of disease (primary prevention), an...
Source: The Lancet - October 5, 2018 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Association of dairy intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 21 countries from five continents (PURE): a prospective cohort study
Publication date: Available online 11 September 2018Source: The LancetAuthor(s): Mahshid Dehghan, Andrew Mente, Sumathy Rangarajan, Patrick Sheridan, Viswanathan Mohan, Romaina Iqbal, Rajeev Gupta, Scott Lear, Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen, Alvaro Avezum, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Prem Mony, Ravi Prasad Varma, Rajesh Kumar, Jephat Chifamba, Khalid F Alhabib, Noushin Mohammadifard, Aytekin Oguz, Fernando Lanas, Dorota RozanskaSummaryBackgroundDietary guidelines recommend minimising consumption of whole-fat dairy products, as they are a source of saturated fats and presumed to adversely affect blood lipids and increase cardiovas...
Source: The Lancet - September 12, 2018 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Fruit, vegetable, and legume intake, and cardiovascular disease and deaths in 18 countries (PURE): a prospective cohort study
Publication date: Available online 29 August 2017 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Victoria Miller, Andrew Mente, Mahshid Dehghan, Sumathy Rangarajan, Xiaohe Zhang, Sumathi Swaminathan, Gilles Dagenais, Rajeev Gupta, Viswanathan Mohan, Scott Lear, Shrikant I Bangdiwala, Aletta E Schutte, Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen, Alvaro Avezum, Yuksel Altuntas, Khalid Yusoff, Noorhassim Ismail, Nasheeta Peer, Jephat Chifamba, Rafael Diaz, Omar Rahman, Noushin Mohammadifard, Fernando Lana, Katarzyna Zatonska, Andreas Wielgosz, Afzalhussein Yusufali, Romaina Iqbal, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Rasha Khatib, Annika Rosengren, V Raman Kutty, Wei Li...
Source: The Lancet - August 31, 2017 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Associations of fats and carbohydrate intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 18 countries from five continents (PURE): a prospective cohort study
Publication date: Available online 29 August 2017 Source:The Lancet Author(s): Mahshid Dehghan, Andrew Mente, Xiaohe Zhang, Sumathi Swaminathan, Wei Li, Viswanathan Mohan, Romaina Iqbal, Rajesh Kumar, Edelweiss Wentzel-Viljoen, Annika Rosengren, Leela Itty Amma, Alvaro Avezum, Jephat Chifamba, Rafael Diaz, Rasha Khatib, Scott Lear, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Xiaoyun Liu, Rajeev Gupta, Noushin Mohammadifard, Nan Gao, Aytekin Oguz, Anis Safura Ramli, Pamela Seron, Yi Sun, Andrzej Szuba, Lungiswa Tsolekile, Andreas Wielgosz, Rita Yusuf, Afzal Hussein Yusufali, Koon K Teo, Sumathy Rangarajan, Gilles Dagenais, Shrikant I Bangdi...
Source: The Lancet - August 31, 2017 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research