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Voluntary control of corticomuscular coherence through neurofeedback: A proof-of-principle study in healthy subjects
Publication date: 2 April 2015 Source:Neuroscience, Volume 290 Author(s): K. von Carlowitz-Ghori , Z. Bayraktaroglu , G. Waterstraat , G. Curio , V.V. Nikulin Corticomuscular coherence (CMC) relates to synchronization between activity in the motor cortex and the muscle activity. The strength of CMC can be affected by motor behavior. In a proof-of-principle study, we examined whether independent of motor output parameters, healthy subjects are able to voluntarily modulate CMC in a neurofeedback paradigm. Subjects received visual online feedback of their instantaneous CMC strength, which was calculated between an optimized...
Source: Neuroscience - February 16, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Pivotal role of cerebral interleukin-23 during immunologic injury in delayed cerebral ischemia in mice
Conclusions IL-23p19 knockdown prevents delayed cerebral ischemic injury by dampening the ischemia-induced inflammation, and is a promising approach for clinically managing ischemic stroke.
Source: Neuroscience - February 16, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Damage effect of interleukin (IL)-23 on oxygen–glucose-deprived cells of the neurovascular unit via IL-23 receptor
Publication date: 19 March 2015 Source:Neuroscience, Volume 289 Author(s): M. Wang , D. Zhong , Y. Zheng , H. Li , H. Chen , S. Ma , Y. Sun , W. Yan , G. Li Interleukin-23/interleukin-23 receptor (IL-23/IL-23R) has been implicated in many inflammatory diseases. Previous research mainly focused on its ability to induce IL-17 production from T cells. However, few studies have investigated its role in cerebral ischemic injury. The aim of our study was to explore the potential effect of IL-23 on cells of the neurovascular unit (NVU) under an oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) condition and the role of IL-23R in IL-23-mediate...
Source: Neuroscience - February 8, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Type 2 diabetes reduces the proliferation and survival of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in ishchemic white matter lesions
Publication date: 19 March 2015 Source:Neuroscience, Volume 289 Author(s): Y. Yatomi , R. Tanaka , Y. Shimada , K. Yamashiro , M. Liu , Y. Mitome-Mishima , N. Miyamoto , Y. Ueno , T. Urabe , N. Hattori Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for stroke and it exacerbates tissue damage after ischemic insult. Diabetes is one of the important causes of the progression of white matter lesion, however, the pathological mechanisms remain unclear. The present study evaluated the influences of type 2 DM on ischemic subcortical white matter injury and the recruitment of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) under chronic ...
Source: Neuroscience - January 31, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Recombinant T-cell receptor ligand RTL1000 limits inflammation and decreases infarct size after experimental ischemic stroke in middle-aged mice
In this study, we determined the effect of RTL1000 on infarct size in 12-month-old middle-aged DR2-Tg mice, and investigated its mechanism of action. Twelve-month-old male DR2-Tg mice underwent 60min of intraluminal reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Vehicle or RTL1000 was injected 4, 24, 48 and 72h after MCAO. Cortical, striatal and total hemispheric infarcts were measured 96h after stroke. Spleen and brain tissues were collected 96h after stroke for immunological analysis. Our data showed that RTL1000 significantly reduced infarct size 96h after MCAO in middle-aged male DR2-Tg mice. RTL1000 decreased the...
Source: Neuroscience - January 27, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

SIRT3 protects cells from hypoxia via PGC-1α- and MnSOD-dependent pathways
Publication date: 12 February 2015 Source:Neuroscience, Volume 286 Author(s): Q. Wang , L. Li , C.Y. Li , Z. Pei , M. Zhou , N. Li Reports suggest that silent information regulation 2 homolog 3 (SIRT3) protects cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress-mediated death. SIRT3, a mitochondrial protein, is an essential regulator of mitochondrial function, and this regulation is important in many cerebrovascular diseases, especially stroke. Here, we investigated the role of SIRT3 in ischemia-induced neuronal death due to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) using an in vitro model of cerebral ischemia. We found that exposure of differ...
Source: Neuroscience - December 25, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Forced limb-use enhanced neurogenesis and behavioral recovery after stroke in the aged rats
We examined whether forced limb-use which mimicked CIMT could influence ischemia-induced neurogenesis, apoptosis and behavioral recovery in the aged rats. Aged rats were divided into a sham group, an ischemia group, and an ischemia group with forced limb-use. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by injection of endothelin-1. Forced limb-use began on post-stroke day 7 by fitting a plaster cast around the unimpaired upper limbs of rats for 3weeks. Behavioral recovery was evaluated by tapered/ledged beam-walking test on postoperative day 32. The expression of doublecortin, neuronal nuclei, glial fibrillary acidic protein and I...
Source: Neuroscience - December 25, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Internal capsule stroke in the common marmoset
Publication date: 22 January 2015 Source:Neuroscience, Volume 284 Author(s): S. Puentes , T. Kaido , T. Hanakawa , N. Ichinohe , T. Otsuki , K. Seki White matter (WM) impairment and motor deficit after stroke are directly related. However, WM injury mechanisms and their relation to motor disturbances are still poorly understood. In humans, the anterior choroidal artery (AChA) irrigates the internal capsule (IC), and stroke to this region can induce isolated motor impairment. The goal of this study was to analyze whether AChA occlusion can injure the IC in the marmoset monkey. The vascular distribution of the marmoset bra...
Source: Neuroscience - November 20, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Baclofen and gamma-hydroxybutyrate differentially altered behavior, EEG activity and sleep in rats
Conclusion: While both Bac and GHB induced a non-physiological resting state, only Bac facilitated and consolidated sleep, and promoted EEG delta oscillations thereafter. Hence, Bac can be considered a sleep-promoting drug and its effects on functional recovery after stroke can be evaluated both in humans and rats.
Source: Neuroscience - November 20, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

MLC901, a Traditional Chinese Medicine induces neuroprotective and neuroregenerative benefits after traumatic brain injury in rats
This study was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects of MLC901 in a rat model of TBI. TBI was induced by a moderate lateral fluid percussion applied to the right parietal cortex. MLC901 was injected intraperitoneally at 2h post-TBI, and then administered in drinking water at a concentration of 10mg/ml until sacrifice of the animals. The cognitive deficits induced by TBI were followed by using the “what-where-when” task, which allows the measurement of episodic-like memory. MLC901 treatment decreased brain lesions induced by TBI. It prevented the serum increase of S-100 beta (S100B) and ...
Source: Neuroscience - November 4, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

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