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Source: Translational Stroke Research
Therapy: Stem Cell Therapy
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Total 41 results found since Jan 2013.
Neuroprotection of Stem Cells Against Ischemic Brain Injury: From Bench to Clinic
AbstractNeurological injuries can have numerous debilitating effects on functional status including sensorimotor deficits, cognitive impairment, and behavioral symptoms. Despite the disease burden, treatment options remain limited. Current pharmacological interventions are targeted at symptom management but are ineffective in reversing ischemic brain damage. Stem cell therapy for ischemic brain injury has shown promising preclinical and clinical results and has attracted attention as a potential therapeutic option. Various stem cell sources (embryonic, mesenchymal/bone marrow, and neural stem cells) have been investigat...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 7, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Stem Cell Therapy for Ischemic Brain Injury: Early Intranasal Delivery after Cardiac Arrest
AbstractGlobal ischemic brain injury is the leading cause of mortality and long-term disability in patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest. Hypothermia and neuroprotective agents are two strategies partially improve neurological outcomes following resuscitation. However, the therapeutic effects of these treatments are inconsistently reported. Stem cell therapy has emerged as a promising pr otective strategy due to its potential for proliferation and differentiation into functional neural cells. This editorial reviews the current status of stem cell therapy via the intranasal route in primates and clinical studies, alo...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - April 4, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
A Novel Rat Model of Embolic Cerebral Ischemia Using a Cell-Implantable Radiopaque Hydrogel Microfiber
We present a novel rat model of focal infarct restricted to the middle cerebral artery territory using a radiopaque hydrogel microfiber positioned under fluoroscopic guidance. By comparing the use of stem cell-containing versus non-containing fibers in this stroke model, it would be possible to determine the efficacy of"pure" cell transplantation in treating stroke.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 3, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Stroke and Neurogenesis: Bridging Clinical Observations to New Mechanistic Insights from Animal Models
AbstractStroke was the 2nd leading cause of death and a major cause of morbidity. Unfortunately, there are limited means to promote neurological recovery post-stroke, but research has unearthed potential targets for therapies to encourage post-stroke neurogenesis and neuroplasticity. The occurrence of neurogenesis in adult mammalian brains, including humans, was not widely accepted until the 1990s. Now, adult neurogenesis has been extensively studied in human and mouse neurogenic brain niches, of which the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus are best studied. Numerous oth...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - December 3, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Dental Pulp Stem Cell-Derived Conditioned Medium Alleviates Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Microcirculation Impairment by Promoting M2 Microglia Polarization and Reducing Astrocyte Swelling
This study aimed to investigate whether dental pulp stem cell conditioned medium (DPSC-CM) ameliorates SAH-induced microcirculation impairment and the underlying mechanisms. SAH was induced via intrathecal injection of fresh autologous blood in Wistar male adult rat. DPSC-CM or DPSC-CM + insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) antibody was randomly administered by intrathecal route 5 min after SAH induction. To evaluate the underlying mechanisms of DPSC-CM in the treatment of SAH, primary rat astrocyte and microglia co-cultures were challenged with hemolysate or SAH-patient CSF in t he presence or absence of DPSC-CM. The res...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 1, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Correction to: Endogenous Neural Stem Cell –induced Neurogenesis after Ischemic Stroke: Processes for Brain Repair and Perspectives
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 21, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Endogenous Neural Stem Cell –induced Neurogenesis after Ischemic Stroke: Processes for Brain Repair and Perspectives
AbstractIschemic stroke is a very common cerebrovascular accident that occurred in adults and causes higher risk of neural deficits. After ischemic stroke, patients are often left with severe neurological deficits. Therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke might mitigate neuronal loss due to delayed neural cell death in the penumbra or seek to replace dead neural cells in the ischemic core. Currently, stem cell therapy is the most promising approach for inducing neurogenesis for neural repair after ischemic stroke. Stem cell treatments include transplantation of exogenous stem cells but also stimulating endogenous neural ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 3, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Neuroprotection of NSC Therapy is Superior to Glibenclamide in Cardiac Arrest-Induced Brain Injury via Neuroinflammation Regulation
In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the thera peutic effects of NSC and GBC therapies post-CA. In in vitro studies, BV2 cells underwent oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) for three hours and were then treated with GBC or co-cultured with human NSCs (hNSCs). Microglial polarization phenotype and TLR4/NLRP3 inflammatory pathway proteins were detected by immunofluorescence staining. Twenty-four Wistar rats were ra ndomly assigned to three groups (control, GBC, and hNSCs, N = 8/group). After 8 min of asphyxial CA, GBC was injected intraperitoneally or hNSCs were administered intranasally in the treatment gr...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 3, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Multinuclear MRI Reveals Early Efficacy of Stem Cell Therapy in Stroke
AbstractCompromised adult human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) can impair cell therapy efficacy and further reverse ischemic recovery. However, in vitro assays require extended passage to characterize cells, limiting rapid assessment for therapeutic potency. Multinuclear magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy (MRI/S) provides near real-time feedback on disease progression and tissue recovery. Applied to ischemic stroke,23Na MRI evaluates treatment efficacy within 24 h after middle cerebral artery occlusion, showing recovery of sodium homeostasis and lesion reduction in specimens treated with hMSC while1H MRS identifi...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 28, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Disruption of Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Accelerates Age-Related Neurogenesis Decline and Abolishes Stroke-Induced Neurogenesis and Leads to Increased Anxiety Behavior in Stroke Mice
In this study, using conditional knockout (cKO) of SHH signaling receptorSmo gene in NSCs, we show a decreased neurogenesis at both SVZ and SGZ in young-adult mice and an accelerated depletion of neurogenic cells in the process of aging suggesting that SHH signaling is critical in maintaining neurogenesis during aging. Behavior studies revealed that compromised neurogenesis inSmo cKO mice leads to increased anxiety/depression-like behaviors without affecting general locomotor function or spatial and fear-related learning. Importantly, we also show that NSCs with a cKO of SHH signaling abolishes stroke-induced neurogenesi...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 11, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Extended Ischemic Recovery After Implantation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aggregates Indicated by Sodium MRI at 21.1 T
AbstractExtended therapeutic application remains a significant issue in the use of stem cell therapies to treat ischemic stroke. Along these lines, neurological recovery in a rodent model of ischemic stroke was evaluated following implantation of human mesenchymal stem cell aggregates (hMSC-agg), labeled with micron-sized particles of iron oxide, directly into the lateral ventricle contralateral to the ischemic lesion hemisphere. Longitudinally, disease progression and response to hMSC-agg therapy were assessed by1H and23Na magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 21.1 T to investigate cellular localization, migration, and re...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 7, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Neural Stem Cells Therapy for Ischemic Stroke: Progress and Challenges
AbstractIschemic stroke, with its high morbidity and mortality, is the most common cerebrovascular accident and results in severe neurological deficits. Despite advances in medical and surgical intervention, post-stroke therapies remain scarce, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Over the past decades, stem cell transplantation has been recognized as very promising therapy for neurological diseases. Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation is the optimal choice for ischemic stroke as NSCs inherently reside in the brain and can potentially differentiate into a variety of cell types within the central nerv...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 15, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Mitochondrial Transfer: a Therapeutic Approach for Ischemic Stroke
AbstractStroke is the leading cause of death and adult disability worldwide. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the hallmarks of stroke-induced neuronal death, and maintaining mitochondrial function is essential in cell survival and neurological progress following ischemic stroke. Stem cell-mediated mitochondrial transfer represents an emerging therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke. Accumulating evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can directly transfer healthy mitochondria to damaged cells, and rescue mitochondrial damage-provoked tissue degeneration. This review summarizes the research on MSCs-mediate...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - March 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Motor Recovery in Subacute Ischemic Stroke: a Randomized Clinical Trial
AbstractWhile preclinical stroke studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) promote recovery, few randomized controlled trials (RCT) have assessed cell therapy in humans. In this RCT, we assessed the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of intravenous autologous bone marrow-derived MSCs in subacute stroke. ISIS-HERMES was a single-center, open-label RCT, with a 2-year follow-up. We enrolled patients aged 18 –70 years less than 2 weeks following moderate-severe ischemic carotid stroke. Patients were randomized 2:1 to receive intravenous MSCs or not. Primary outcomes assessed feasibility and safety. Secondary out...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - September 10, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Mitochondrial Transfer as a Therapeutic Strategy Against Ischemic Stroke
AbstractStroke is a debilitating disease that remains the second leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Despite accumulating knowledge of the disease pathology, treatments for stroke are limited, and clinical translation of the neuroprotective agents has not been a complete success. Accumulating evidence links mitochondrial dysfunction to brain impairments after stroke. Recent studies have implicated the important roles of healthy mitochondria in neuroprotection and neural recovery following ischemic stroke. New and convincing studies have shown that mitochondrial transfer to the damaged cells can help revive cel...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 25, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
