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Response to: Aspirin and Subarachnoid Haemorrhage in the UK Biobank
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 7, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurobehavioral Impairments Predict Specific Cerebral Damage in Rat Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
This study suggests that recurring behavioral testing can accurately predict damage in specific brain regions, which could be developed into a clinical battery for early detection of SAH damage in humans, potentially improving early treatment and outcomes.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 26, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Clopidogrel Is Associated with Reduced Likelihood of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: a Multi-Center Matched Retrospective Analysis
We present, to the best of our knowledge, the first large-scale multi-institutional analysis suggesting clopidogrel use is protective against intracranial aneurysm rupture. It is our hope that these data will guide future investigation, revealing the pathophysiologic underpinning of this association.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 20, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Dynamic Measurements of Cerebral Blood Flow Responses to Cortical Spreading Depolarization in the Murine Endovascular Perforation Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model
AbstractDelayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is the most severe complication after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and cortical spreading depolarization (CSD) is believed to play a vital role in it. However, the dynamic changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) in response to CSD in typical SAH models have not been well investigated. Here, SAH was established in mice with endovascular perforation. Subsequently, the spontaneous CBF dropped instantly and then returned to baseline rapidly. After KCl application to the cortex, subsequent hypoperfusion waves occurred across the groups, while a lower average perfusion level was found in th...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 29, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Aspirin and Subarachnoid Haemorrhage in the UK Biobank
In this study, we aimed to clarify the association between aspirin and SAH in the general population. The UK Biobank is a prospective population-based cohort study. Sex, age, smoking, alcohol, medication use, hypertension, blood pressure, ischaemic heart disease and stroke were recorded at baseline assessments. Follow-up is conducted through linkages to National Health Service data including electronic, coded death certificate, hospital and primary care data. Cox proportional hazards modelling was used to analyse the association between aspirin use and SAH. Of the 501,060 participants included in the analysis, a total of 5...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 29, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Changes in Adhesion and the Expression of Adhesion Molecules in PBMCs after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Relation to Cerebral Vasospasm
In conclusion, our results confirm that after aSAH, monocyte count and adhesion of PBMCs increase, especially in patients with VSP, and that the expression of several adhesion molecules is altered. These observations can help predict VSP and to improve the treatment of this pathology.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 23, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Serum Interleukin-1 Levels Are Associated with Intracranial Aneurysm Instability
This study aimed to investigate whether IL-1 could discriminate the unstable IAs (ruptured intracranial aneurysms (RIAs) and symptomatic unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs)) from stable, asymptomatic UIAs. IA tissues and blood samples from 35 RIA patients and 35 UIA patients were collected between January 2017 and June 2020 as the derivation cohort. Blood samples from 211 patients with UIAs were collected between January 2021 and June 2022 as the validation cohort (including 63 symptomatic UIAs). Blood samples from 35 non-cerebral-edema meningioma patients (non-inflammatory control) and 19 patients with unknown-cause ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 16, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Alpha-Asarone Ameliorates Neurological Dysfunction of Subarachnoid Hemorrhagic Rats in Both Acute and Recovery Phases via Regulating the CaMKII-Dependent Pathways
AbstractEarly brain injury (EBI) is the leading cause of poor prognosis for patients suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), particularly learning and memory deficits in the repair phase. A recent report has involved calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the pathophysiological process underlying SAH-induced EBI. Alpha-asarone (ASA), a major compound isolated from the Chinese medicinal herbAcorus tatarinowii Schott, was proven to reduce secondary brain injury by decreasing CaMKII over-phosphorylation in rats ’ model of intracerebral hemorrhage in our previous report. However, the effect of ASA o...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 13, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Anti-Apoptotic Effects of AMPA Receptor Antagonist Perampanel in Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice
This study was aimed to investigate if acute neuronal apoptosis is induced by activation of AMPA ( α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate) receptors (AMPARs) and inhibited by a clinically available selective AMPAR antagonist and antiepileptic drug perampanel (PER) in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and if the mechanisms include upregulation of an inflammation-related matricellular prot ein periostin. Sham-operated and endovascular perforation SAH mice randomly received an administration of 3 mg/kg PER or the vehicle intraperitoneally. Post-SAH neurological impairments and increased caspase-dependent neuronal ap...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 9, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Sphingosine-1-phosphate Signalling in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: Basic Science to Clinical Translation
AbstractSphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is generated intracellularly and, when transported to the extracellular compartment, predominantly signals through S1P receptors. The S1P signalling pathway has been implicated in the pathophysiology of neurological injury following aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH). In this review, we bring together all the available data regarding the role of S1P in neurological injury following aSAH. There is agreement in the literature that S1P increases in the cerebrospinal fluid following aSAH and leads to cerebral artery vasospasm. On the other hand, the role of S1P in the parenchyma is...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - February 7, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Netrin-1 Alleviates Early Brain Injury by Regulating Ferroptosis via the PPAR γ/Nrf2/GPX4 Signaling Pathway Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
This study aimed to evaluat e the neuroprotective effects and the possible molecular basis of NTN-1 in SAH-induced EBI by modulating neuronal ferroptosis using the filament perforations model of SAH in mice and the hemin-stimulated neuron injury model in HT22 cells. NTN-1 or a vehicle was administered 2 h following SAH. We e xamined neuronal death, brain water content, neurological score, and mortality. NTN-1 treatment led to elevated survival probability, greater survival of neurons, and increased neurological score, indicating that NTN-1-inhibited ferroptosis ameliorated neuron death in vivo/in vitro in response to SA ...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 12, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Association of Gut Microbiome with Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: an Experimental Study
AbstractThe occurrence of early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is crucial in the prognosis of SAH; however, no effective treatment for EBI has been developed. Gut microbiome (GM) composition influences the outcome of various diseases, including ischemic stroke. Here, we evaluated whether prior GM alteration could prevent EBI following SAH. We altered the GM of 7-week-old male rats by administering antibiotic-containing water for 2  weeks and performing fecal microbiome transplantation after antibiotic induction. Composition of the GM was profiled using 16S rRNA. We induced SAH by injecting bloo...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - December 9, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Long Non-coding RNA H19 Promotes NLRP3-Mediated Pyroptosis After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats
Abstract  NLRP3 inflammasomes have been reported to be an essential mediator in the inflammatory response during early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Recent studies have indicated that NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 can participate in the inflammatory response. However, the roles and functions of lncRNA H19 in NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis during EBI after SAH are unknown and need to be further elucidated. NLRP3 inflammasome proteins were significantly elevated in CSF of human with SAH induced EBI and presented a positive correlation with s...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 24, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Meta-review on Perforation Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice: Filament Material as a Possible Moderator of Mortality
AbstractRobust preclinical models are inevitable for researchers to unravel pathomechanisms of subarachnoidal hemorrhage (SAH). For the mouse perforation model of SAH, the goal of this meta-review was the determination of variances in mortality, SAH severity grade, and vasospasm, and their experimental moderators, as many researchers are facing with incomparable results. We searched on the databasesPubMed,Embase, andWeb of Science for articles describing in vivo experiments using the SAH perforation mouse model and measuring mortality, SAH grade, and/or vasospasm. After screening, 42 articles (total of 1964 mice) were incl...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 23, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Aerobic Glycolysis Induced by mTOR/HIF-1 α Promotes Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage via Activating M1 Microglia
In conclusion, the present study showed new evidence that aerobic glycolysis induced by mTOR/HIF-1 α might promote EBI after SAH by activating M1 microglia. This finding provided new insights for the treatment of EBI.
Source: Translational Stroke Research - November 17, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

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