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Cystatin C Predicts Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Twins Vascular Medicine
Conclusions Variation in cystatin C relates to incident ASCVD and to stroke when adjusted for genetic confounding. In identical twins, cystatin C may be a sensitive marker of early hypertensive end-organ damage and small-vessel disease, whereas creatinine level may reflect nutritional status. The findings in disease-discordant monozygotic twins indicate that unique, possibly preventable, environmental factors are important.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - June 26, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Arpegard, J., Magnusson, P. K. E., Chen, X., Ridefelt, P., Pedersen, N. L., De Faire, U., Svensson, P. Tags: Nephrology and Kidney, Cardiovascular Disease, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Atherosclerosis, Coronary Artery Disease Vascular Medicine Source Type: research

Association of Magnet Status With Hospitalization Outcomes for Ischemic Stroke Patients Health Services and Outcomes Research
ConclusionsUsing a comprehensive all‐payer cohort of patients with ischemic stroke in New York State, we identified an association of treatment in Magnet hospitals with lower case‐fatality, discharge to a facility, and length of stay. Further research into the factors contributing to the superiority of Magnet hospitals in stroke care is warranted.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 18, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bekelis, K., Missios, S., MacKenzie, T. A. Tags: Epidemiology, Cost-Effectiveness, Ethics and Policy, Health Services, Quality and Outcomes Original Research Source Type: research

Vitamin C Intake, Circulating Vitamin C and Risk of Stroke: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies Epidemiology
Conclusions This meta-analysis suggests significant inverse relationships between dietary vitamin C intake, circulating vitamin C, and risk of stroke.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - November 27, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chen, G.-C., Lu, D.-B., Pang, Z., Liu, Q.-F. Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

The American Heart Association Life's Simple 7 and Incident Cognitive Impairment: The REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study Epidemiology
Conclusions Compared with low CVH, intermediate and high CVH were both associated with substantially lower incidence of cognitive impairment. We did not observe a dose-response pattern; people with intermediate and high levels of CVH had similar incidence of cognitive impairment. This suggests that even when high CVH is not achieved, intermediate levels of CVH are preferable to low CVH.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - June 11, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Thacker, E. L., Gillett, S. R., Wadley, V. G., Unverzagt, F. W., Judd, S. E., McClure, L. A., Howard, V. J., Cushman, M. Tags: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Cause of Death and Predictors of All-Cause Mortality in Anticoagulated Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: Data From ROCKET AF Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology
Conclusions In a large population of patients anticoagulated for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, 7 in 10 deaths were cardiovascular, whereas <1 in 10 deaths were caused by nonhemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolism. Optimal prevention and treatment of heart failure, renal impairment, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diabetes may improve survival. Clinical Trial Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/. Unique identifier: NCT00403767.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - March 7, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Pokorney, S. D., Piccini, J. P., Stevens, S. R., Patel, M. R., Pieper, K. S., Halperin, J. L., Breithardt, G., Singer, D. E., Hankey, G. J., Hacke, W., Becker, R. C., Berkowitz, S. D., Nessel, C. C., Mahaffey, K. W., Fox, K. A. A., Califf, R. M., for the Tags: Atrial Fibrillation, Sudden Cardiac Death, Heart Failure, Intracranial Hemorrhage, Ischemic Stroke Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Source Type: research

Effects of Concurrent Depressive Symptoms and Perceived Stress on Cardiovascular Risk in Low- and High-Income Participants: Findings From the Reasons for Geographical and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study Epidemiology
BackgroundPsychosocial risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) may be especially deleterious in persons with low socioeconomic status. Most work has focused on psychosocial factors individually, but emerging research suggests that the confluence of psychosocial risk may be particularly harmful. Using data from the Reasons for Geographical and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, we examined associations among depressive symptoms and stress, alone and in combination, and incident CVD and all‐cause mortality as a function of socioeconomic status.Methods and ResultsAt baseline, 22 658 participants without a history ...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - October 9, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sumner, J. A., Khodneva, Y., Muntner, P., Redmond, N., Lewis, M. W., Davidson, K. W., Edmondson, D., Richman, J., Safford, M. M. Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Epidemiology, Mental Health, Risk Factors Original Research Source Type: research

Evidence That Acetylsalicylic Acid Attenuates Inflammation in the Walls of Human Cerebral Aneurysms: Preliminary Results Stroke
Conclusions This study provides preliminary radiographical and histological evidence that ASA may attenuate the inflammatory process in the walls of human cerebral aneurysms. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01710072.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - February 4, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hasan, D. M., Chalouhi, N., Jabbour, P., Dumont, A. S., Kung, D. K., Magnotta, V. A., Young, W. L., Hashimoto, T., Richard Winn, H., Heistad, D. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Profile of Blood-Brain Barrier Injury in Patients With Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage Stroke
Conclusions BBB leakage in the brain tissue immediately bordering the hematoma can be measured and quantified by DCE MRI in human ICH. BBB leakage at 1 week is greater in larger hematomas as well as in hematomas in lobar locations and is associated with larger edema volumes.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - May 24, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Aksoy, D., Bammer, R., Mlynash, M., Venkatasubramanian, C., Eyngorn, I., Snider, R. W., Gupta, S. N., Narayana, R., Fischbein, N., Wijman, C. A. C. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Risk of Ischemic Cerebrovascular and Coronary Events in Adult Users of Anticonvulsant Medications in Routine Care Settings Stroke
Conclusions In this exploratory analysis, there was no evidence of a consistent and statistically significant effect of initiating anticonvulsants that highly induce cytochrome P450 activity on ischemic coronary or cerebrovascular outcomes compared with other agents, given routine care utilization patterns.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - July 30, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Patorno, E., Glynn, R. J., Hernandez-Diaz, S., Avorn, J., Wahl, P. M., Bohn, R. L., Mines, D., Liu, J., Schneeweiss, S. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Perceived Stress Is Associated With Incident Coronary Heart Disease and All-Cause Mortality in Low- but Not High-Income Participants in the Reasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke Study Coronary Heart Disease
Conclusions High stress was associated with greater risks of CHD and death for individuals with low but not high income.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - December 19, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Redmond, N., Richman, J., Gamboa, C. M., Albert, M. A., Sims, M., Durant, R. W., Glasser, S. P., Safford, M. M. Tags: Coronary Heart Disease Source Type: research

The TLR9 Ligand, CpG-ODN, Induces Protection against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Activation of PI3K/Akt Signaling Stroke
Conclusion CpG-ODN significantly reduces cerebral I/R injury via a PI3K/Akt-dependent mechanism. Our data also indicate that CpG-ODN may be useful in the therapy of cerebral I/R injury.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 10, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lu, C., Ha, T., Wang, X., Liu, L., Zhang, X., Kimbrough, E. O., Sha, Z., Guan, M., Schweitzer, J., Kalbfleisch, J., Williams, D., Li, C. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Risk Factors Associated With Cerebrovascular Recurrence in Symptomatic Carotid Disease: A Comparative Study of Carotid Plaque Morphology, Microemboli Assessment and the European Carotid Surgery Trial Risk Model Stroke
Conclusions The presence of carotid plaque hemorrhage is better associated with recurrent cerebrovascular events in patients with symptomatic severe carotid stenosis than the presence of microembolic signals; combining MES and MRIPH, further improves the association while the ECST risk score was insignificant.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - June 3, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Altaf, N., Kandiyil, N., Hosseini, A., Mehta, R., MacSweeney, S., Auer, D. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

HDL-3 is a Superior Predictor of Carotid Artery Disease in a Case-Control Cohort of 1725 Participants Stroke
Conclusions This study is the first to contrast the associations of HDL-2 and HDL-3 with CAAD. We found that HDL-3 levels were more predictive of CAAD status than HDL-2, HDL-C, or apolipoprotein A1. In addition, for men, paraoxonase 1 activity improved the overall model prediction for CAAD independently and additively with HDL-3 levels. Further investigation into the molecular mechanisms through which HDL-3 is associated with protection from CAAD is warranted.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - June 25, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kim, D. S., Burt, A. A., Rosenthal, E. A., Ranchalis, J. E., Eintracht, J. F., Hatsukami, T. S., Furlong, C. E., Marcovina, S., Albers, J. J., Jarvik, G. P. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Adult Moyamoya Disease in an Urban Center in the United States Is Associated With a High Burden of Watershed Ischemia Stroke
Conclusions We observed a high burden of ischemia, mostly watershed pattern on neuroimaging in our adult moyamoya disease patients. Long-term monitoring of adult moyamoya disease patients in the United States would be useful to better understand the natural history of this condition.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - July 18, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zafar, S. F., Bershad, E. M., Gildersleeve, K. L., Newmark, M. E., Calvillo, E., Suarez, J. I., Venkatasubba Rao, C. P. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Impact of Heme and Heme Degradation Products on Vascular Diameter in Mouse Visual Cortex Stroke
Conclusions We identified individual components of the oxidative bilirubin degradation that led to vasoconstriction of cerebral arterioles. The vasoconstrictive effect of Z-BOX A and Z-BOX B was mediated by BKCa channel activity that might represent a signaling pathway in the occurrence of delayed cerebral vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - August 28, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Joerk, A., Seidel, R. A., Walter, S. G., Wiegand, A., Kahnes, M., Klopfleisch, M., Kirmse, K., Pohnert, G., Westerhausen, M., Witte, O. W., Holthoff, K. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

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