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Efficacy and Safety of Edoxaban in Elderly Patients With Atrial Fibrillation in the ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 Trial Stroke
Conclusions Age has a greater influence on major bleeding than thromboembolic risk in patients with atrial fibrillation. Given the higher rates of bleeding and death with increasing age, treatment of elderly patients with edoxaban provides an even greater absolute reduction in safety events over warfarin, compared to treatment with edoxaban versus warfarin in younger patients. Clinical Trial Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/. Unique identifier: NCT00781391.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - May 19, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kato, E. T., Giugliano, R. P., Ruff, C. T., Koretsune, Y., Yamashita, T., Kiss, R. G., Nordio, F., Murphy, S. A., Kimura, T., Jin, J., Lanz, H., Mercuri, M., Braunwald, E., Antman, E. M. Tags: Atrial Fibrillation, Complications, Mortality/Survival, Intracranial Hemorrhage, Ischemic Stroke Source Type: research

Natural History and Prognostic Value of Corticospinal Tract Wallerian Degeneration in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Stroke
Conclusions Wallerian degeneration along the CST is common in spontaneous supratentorial ICH, particularly in deep ICH. It can be detected 1 week after ICH on DWI and progresses rostrocaudally along the CST over time. The presence of CST-WD is associated with poor motor and functional recovery after ICH.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - August 2, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Venkatasubramanian, C., Kleinman, J. T., Fischbein, N. J., Olivot, J.-M., Gean, A. D., Eyngorn, I., Snider, R. W., Mlynash, M., Wijman, C. A. C. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Accuracy of ICD-9-CM Codes by Hospital Characteristics and Stroke Severity: Paul Coverdell National Acute Stroke Program Health Services and Outcomes Research
Conclusions We identified disagreements in stroke/TIA coding by hospital characteristics and stroke severity, particularly for milder ischemic strokes. Such systematic variations in ICD-9-CM coding practices can affect stroke case identification in epidemiological studies and may have implications for hospital-level quality metrics.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - May 30, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chang, T. E., Lichtman, J. H., Goldstein, L. B., George, M. G. Tags: Health Services, Quality and Outcomes Health Services and Outcomes Research Source Type: research

Impact of Atrial Fibrillation on Stroke-Related Healthcare Costs Hypertension
Conclusion Stroke-related care for IS, HS, and TIA is costly, especially among individuals with AF. Reducing the risk of AF-related stroke is important from both clinical and economic standpoints.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - November 25, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sussman, M., Menzin, J., Lin, I., Kwong, W. J., Munsell, M., Friedman, M., Selim, M. Tags: Hypertension Source Type: research

Long-Term Risk of Stroke in Patients With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Cardiovascular Surgery
Conclusions The long-term risk for stroke after coronary artery bypass grafting was increased in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, compared to patients with no diabetes.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - November 9, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nystrom, T., Holzmann, M. J., Sartipy, U. Tags: Cardiovascular Surgery Source Type: research

Consciousness Level and Off-Hour Admission Affect Discharge Outcome of Acute Stroke Patients: A J-ASPECT Study Health Services and Outcomes Research
Conclusions The well-known off-hour effect might be attributed to the severely ill patient population. Thus, sustained stroke care that is sufficient to treat severely ill patients during off-hours is important.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - October 21, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kamitani, S., Nishimura, K., Nakamura, F., Kada, A., Nakagawara, J., Toyoda, K., Ogasawara, K., Ono, J., Shiokawa, Y., Aruga, T., Miyachi, S., Nagata, I., Matsuda, S., Miyamoto, Y., Iwata, M., Suzuki, A., Ishikawa, K. B., Kataoka, H., Morita, K., Kobayash Tags: Health Services and Outcomes Research Source Type: research

Cause of Death and Predictors of All-Cause Mortality in Anticoagulated Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: Data From ROCKET AF Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology
Conclusions In a large population of patients anticoagulated for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, 7 in 10 deaths were cardiovascular, whereas <1 in 10 deaths were caused by nonhemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolism. Optimal prevention and treatment of heart failure, renal impairment, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diabetes may improve survival. Clinical Trial Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/. Unique identifier: NCT00403767.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - March 7, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Pokorney, S. D., Piccini, J. P., Stevens, S. R., Patel, M. R., Pieper, K. S., Halperin, J. L., Breithardt, G., Singer, D. E., Hankey, G. J., Hacke, W., Becker, R. C., Berkowitz, S. D., Nessel, C. C., Mahaffey, K. W., Fox, K. A. A., Califf, R. M., for the Tags: Atrial Fibrillation, Sudden Cardiac Death, Heart Failure, Intracranial Hemorrhage, Ischemic Stroke Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Source Type: research

Race-Specific Predictors of Mortality in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Differential Impacts of Intraventricular Hemorrhage and Age Among Blacks and Whites Stroke
BackgroundIntracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) carries high risk for short‐term mortality. We sought to identify race‐specific predictors of mortality in ICH patients.Methods and ResultsWe used 2 databases, the Johns Hopkins clinical stroke database and the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). We included 226 patients with the primary diagnosis of spontaneous ICH from our stroke database between 2010 and 2013; in the NIS, 42 077 patients met inclusion criteria. Logistic regression was used to assess differences in predictors of mortality in blacks compared to whites. In our clinical stroke database, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS; P...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - August 15, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Faigle, R., Marsh, E. B., Llinas, R. H., Urrutia, V. C., Gottesman, R. F. Tags: Intracranial Hemorrhage Original Research Source Type: research

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Profile of Blood-Brain Barrier Injury in Patients With Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage Stroke
Conclusions BBB leakage in the brain tissue immediately bordering the hematoma can be measured and quantified by DCE MRI in human ICH. BBB leakage at 1 week is greater in larger hematomas as well as in hematomas in lobar locations and is associated with larger edema volumes.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - May 24, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Aksoy, D., Bammer, R., Mlynash, M., Venkatasubramanian, C., Eyngorn, I., Snider, R. W., Gupta, S. N., Narayana, R., Fischbein, N., Wijman, C. A. C. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Risk Factors Associated With Cerebrovascular Recurrence in Symptomatic Carotid Disease: A Comparative Study of Carotid Plaque Morphology, Microemboli Assessment and the European Carotid Surgery Trial Risk Model Stroke
Conclusions The presence of carotid plaque hemorrhage is better associated with recurrent cerebrovascular events in patients with symptomatic severe carotid stenosis than the presence of microembolic signals; combining MES and MRIPH, further improves the association while the ECST risk score was insignificant.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - June 3, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Altaf, N., Kandiyil, N., Hosseini, A., Mehta, R., MacSweeney, S., Auer, D. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Adult Moyamoya Disease in an Urban Center in the United States Is Associated With a High Burden of Watershed Ischemia Stroke
Conclusions We observed a high burden of ischemia, mostly watershed pattern on neuroimaging in our adult moyamoya disease patients. Long-term monitoring of adult moyamoya disease patients in the United States would be useful to better understand the natural history of this condition.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - July 18, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zafar, S. F., Bershad, E. M., Gildersleeve, K. L., Newmark, M. E., Calvillo, E., Suarez, J. I., Venkatasubba Rao, C. P. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Impact of Heme and Heme Degradation Products on Vascular Diameter in Mouse Visual Cortex Stroke
Conclusions We identified individual components of the oxidative bilirubin degradation that led to vasoconstriction of cerebral arterioles. The vasoconstrictive effect of Z-BOX A and Z-BOX B was mediated by BKCa channel activity that might represent a signaling pathway in the occurrence of delayed cerebral vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - August 28, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Joerk, A., Seidel, R. A., Walter, S. G., Wiegand, A., Kahnes, M., Klopfleisch, M., Kirmse, K., Pohnert, G., Westerhausen, M., Witte, O. W., Holthoff, K. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Declining Rates of Fatal and Nonfatal Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Epidemiological Trends in Australia Stroke
Conclusions Overall and fatal ICH rates have fallen in this large Australian population. Improvements in cardiovascular prevention and acute care may explain declining rates. There was no evidence of an increase in devastated survivors because the longer term mortality of 30-day survivors has not increased over time.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - December 8, 2014 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gattellari, M., Goumas, C., Worthington, J. Tags: Stroke Source Type: research

Interleukin-23 Secreted by Activated Macrophages Drives {gamma}{delta}T Cell Production of Interleukin-17 to Aggravate Secondary Inȷury After Intracerebral Hemorrhage Stroke
ConclusionsTogether, our results reveal the importance of the IL‐23/IL‐17 inflammatory axis in secondary brain injury after ICH and thus provide a new therapeutic target for ICH treatment.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - October 10, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zhong, Q., Zhou, K., Liang, Q.-L., Lin, S., Wang, Y.-C., Xiong, X.-Y., Meng, Z.-Y., Zhao, T., Zhu, W.-Y., Yang, Y.-R., Liao, M.-F., Gong, Q.-W., Liu, L., Xiong, A., Hao, J., Wang, J., Yang, Q.-W. Tags: Blood-Brain Barrier, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Intracranial Hemorrhage Original Research Source Type: research

Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Dabigatran and Rivaroxaban in Atrial Fibrillation Patients Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology
ConclusionsRivaroxaban therapy was associated with a statistically significant increase in all‐cause death compared with dabigatran therapy in atrial fibrillation patients.
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 24, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lai, C.-L., Chen, H.-M., Liao, M.-T., Lin, T.-T., Chan, K. A. Tags: Arrhythmias, Anticoagulants, Pharmacology, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Original Research Source Type: research

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