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Modeling Superimposed Preeclampsia Using Ang II (Angiotensin II) Infusion in Pregnant Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive RatsNovelty and Significance Preeclampsia
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are the second leading cause of maternal deaths worldwide. Superimposed preeclampsia is an increasingly common problem and often associated with impaired placental perfusion. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and developing treatment options are crucial. The pregnant stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat has impaired uteroplacental blood flow and abnormal uterine artery remodeling. We used Ang II (angiotensin II) infusion in pregnant stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats to mimic the increased cardiovascular stress associated with superimposed preeclampsia and examine ...
Source: Hypertension - June 13, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Hannah L. Morgan, Elaine Butler, Shona Ritchie, Florian Herse, Ralf Dechend, Elisabeth Beattie, Martin W. McBride, Delyth Graham Tags: ACE/Angiotensin Receptors/Renin Angiotensin System, Animal Models of Human Disease, Hypertension, Preeclampsia Original Articles Source Type: research

Endothelial Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mediates Parenchymal Arteriole and Posterior Cerebral Artery Remodeling During Angiotensin II-Induced HypertensionNovelty and Significance Brain
The brain is highly susceptible to injury caused by hypertension because the increased blood pressure causes artery remodeling that can limit cerebral perfusion. Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonism prevents hypertensive cerebral artery remodeling, but the vascular cell types involved have not been defined. In the periphery, the endothelial MR mediates hypertension-induced vascular injury, but cerebral and peripheral arteries are anatomically distinct; thus, these findings cannot be extrapolated to the brain. The parenchymal arterioles determine cerebrovascular resistance. Determining the effects of hypertension and ...
Source: Hypertension - November 8, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Janice M. Diaz-Otero, Courtney Fisher, Kelsey Downs, M. Elizabeth Moss, Iris Z. Jaffe, William F. Jackson, Anne M. Dorrance Tags: Hypertension, Vascular Disease Original Articles Source Type: research

Abstract P136: Ischemic Evaluation in Patients With Hypertensive Emergency / Urgency and Acute Systolic Heart Failure: Is Coronary Angiography Required for All? Session Title: Onsite Poster Competition I With Reception
Conclusions: Our results suggest that only a minority of patients with HU/E and S-HF have obstructive CAD. It may be possible to stratify patients using demographic and non-invasive tests to direct only those with high likelihood of O-CAD for coronary angiography. These results should be validated in large registry populations.
Source: Hypertension - September 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jared W Davis, Muhannad Almubarak, Samuel K McElwee, Amrita Mukherjee, Firas Al-Solaiman, Mark F Sasse, Massoud A Leesar, Arka Chatterjee Tags: Poster Abstract Presentations Source Type: research

Abstract 142: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Autoantibody Inhibition Improves Blood Pressure and Markers of Neurological Damage and Oxidative Stress in Brains of Placental Ischemic Rats During Pregnancy Session Title: Developmental Programming and Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
In conclusion, our preliminary data suggests that AT1-AA inhibition could be a potential therapy to improve peripheral and neurological complications during PE. Research Supported by T32HL105324 (Cunningham), RO1HD067541-06 (LaMarca), DK-104184 (Roman), 050049 (Fan), P20-GM-104357 (cores B and C-Roman; Pilot-Fan) and AHA 16GRNT31200036 (Fan).
Source: Hypertension - September 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mark W Cunningham, Venkata Ramana Vaka, Lorena Amaral, Fan Fan, Tarek Ibrahim, Richard R Roman, Babbette LaMarca Tags: Oral Abstract Presentations Source Type: research

Abstract P446: Sestrin2 Suppresses Age-related Hypertrophy by Inhibiting mTORC1 Signaling Pathway Session Title: Hypertension and Aging and Cerebrovascular Disease and Stroke
Introduction: The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) plays a critical role in the regulation of cell growth and energy state. A novel stress-inducible protein, Sestrin2 was recognized as a sensor for mTORC1 pathway.Hypothesis: The cardiac mTORC1 activation modulated by Sestrin2 is impaired in aging that sensitizes heart to hypertrophy.Methods: C57BL/6J young WT (4-6 months) and aged WT mice (24-26 months), and young Sestrin2 knockout mice (4-6 months) were subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) for pressure overload. The ex vivo working heart perfusion was used for measuring substrate metabolism....
Source: Hypertension - September 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nanhu Quan, Courtney Cates, Thomas Rousselle, Ji Li Tags: Poster Abstract Presentations Source Type: research

Abstract P450: AT2 Receptor Stimulation Reduces Ischemic Brain Damage Through AT2 Receptor-interacting Protein Signal Session Title: Hypertension and Aging and Cerebrovascular Disease and Stroke
Conclusions: These results suggested that ATIP could enhance the cerebral protective effects of AT2 receptor stimulation at least in part due to the increase of CBF and MMS2 expression after ischemia.
Source: Hypertension - September 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jun Iwanami, Masaki Mogi, Xiao-Li Wang, Kana Tsukuda, Akinori Higaki, Masanori Kukida, Hirotomo Nakaoka, Toshifumi Yamauchi, Hui-Yu Bai, Bao-Shuai Shan, Li-Juan Min, Masatsugu Horiuchi Tags: Poster Abstract Presentations Source Type: research

Abstract 031: Diastolic Blood Pressure, Coronary Artery Calcium, and Cardiac Outcomes in the Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Session Title: Cardiac Hypertrophy and Dysfunction
Diastolic blood pressure (BP) has a J-curve relationship with coronary heart disease and death. Because this association is thought to reflect reduced coronary perfusion at low diastolic BP, our objective was to test whether the J-curve is most pronounced among persons with coronary artery calcium. Among 6,811 participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, we used Cox models to examine if diastolic BP category is associated with coronary heart disease events, stroke, and mortality. Analyses were conducted in the sample overall and after stratification by coronary artery calcium score. In multivariable-adjuste...
Source: Hypertension - September 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: John W McEvoy, Faisal Rahman, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Michael Blaha, Khurram Nasir, Matthew Budoff, Bruce Psaty, Wendy Post, Roger Blumenthal Tags: Oral Abstract Presentations Source Type: research

Abstract P015: Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Stenosis in Hypertensive Rats Impairs Dilation in Penetrating Arterioles and Posterior Communicating Arteries Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception
Hypertension and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) are leading risk factors for cognitive impairment. We induced hypoperfusion in stroke prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) by bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) to create a novel, physiologically relevant model of cognitive impairment. We hypothesized that BCAS in SHRSP would impair endothelium dependent dilation and lead to outward remodeling of the penetrating arterioles (PAs) and posterior cerebral arteries (PCAs). The PAs are critical for maintaining parenchymal perfusion and controlling blood flow to the neurovascular unit, and the PCAs are integral ...
Source: Hypertension - November 3, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Matin, N., Fisher, C., Jackson, W. F., Dorrance, A. M. Tags: Session Title: Poster Session 1- Trainee Onsite Poster Competition and Reception Source Type: research

Abstract 351: Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonism During the Development of Hypertension Improves Cerebral Artery Endothelium Dependent Dilation Even After Treatment Withdrawal Poster Session II
Hypertension causes cerebral artery remodeling and increases the risk of stroke. Renin angiotensin system blockade during the development of hypertension has therapeutic effects even after treatment withdrawal. Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation has been implicated in artery remodeling and impaired endothelial function. The possibility that there is a critical therapeutic window for MR antagonism has not been investigated. We hypothesized that temporary MR antagonism while hypertension develops would improve endothelium dependent dilation even after treatment withdrawal. Six-week-old male stroke prone spontaneously...
Source: Hypertension - October 30, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: McClain, J. L., Dorrance, A. M. Tags: Poster Session II Source Type: research

Activation of Neuronal Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 Channel Underlies 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid-Induced Vasoactivity: Role for Protein Kinase A Inflammation and Hypertension
A rise in intraluminal pressure triggers vasoconstriction in resistance arteries, which is associated with local generation of the vasoconstrictor 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE). Importantly, dysregulation of 20-HETE synthesis and activity has been implicated in several cardiovascular disease states, including ischemic disease, hypertension, and stroke; however, the exact molecular pathways involved in mediating 20-HETE bioactivity are uncertain. We investigated whether 20-HETE activates the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and thereby regulates vascular function and blood pressure. We demonstrat...
Source: Hypertension - July 17, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bubb, K. J., Wen, H., Panayiotou, C. M., Finsterbusch, M., Khan, F. J., Chan, M. V., Priestley, J. V., Baker, M. D., Ahluwalia, A. Tags: Animal models of human disease, Other Vascular biology Inflammation and Hypertension Source Type: research