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Factors Linked to Chronic Kidney Disease Among Stroke Survivors in Ghana
Stroke and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are major health problems across several regions of the globe. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) collaborators have estimated the global lifetime risk of stroke for adults 25 years or older at 24.9% in 2016.1 An estimated 11-13% of the population worldwide has kidney disease.2 Both stroke and renal disease share traditional vascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia and obesity.3 Among ischemic stroke patients, 20% to 35% have CKD4,5 while 20 to 46% of patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage have CKD.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 8, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Fred Stephen Sarfo, Martin Agyei, Isaac Ogyefo, Priscilla Abrafi Opare-Addo, Bruce Ovbiagele Source Type: research

Association of Carotid Plaques and Common Carotid Intima-media Thickness with Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Most interventions for the treatment or prevention of atherosclerosis are focused in modifiable traditional cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF), such as smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia.1 However, there are numerous approaches for the detection and measurement of subclinical atherosclerosis. The B-mode ultrasound examination is arguably one of the best methods for detecting early stages of atherosclerotic disease in the carotid arteries.2 Assessments of atherosclerosis using carotid ultrasound imaging include carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) measurement and plaque detection.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 23, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Pedro J. Santos-Neto, Eduardo H. Sena-Santos, Danilo P. Meireles, M árcio Sommer Bittencourt, Itamar S. Santos, Isabela M. Bensenor, Paulo A. Lotufo Source Type: research

External Validation of the PHASES Score in Patients with Multiple Intracranial Aneurysms
This study sought to assess whether the Population, Hypertension, Age, Size, Earlier Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Site (PHASES) score can do risk stratification of patients with multiple aneurysms (MIAs).
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 23, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Xin Feng, Xin Tong, Jigang Chen, Fei Peng, Hao Niu, Jiaxiang Xia, Xiaoxin He, Peng Qi, Jun Lu, Yang Zhao, Weitao Jin, Zhongxue Wu, Yuanli Zhao, Aihua Liu, Daming Wang Source Type: research

Reproducible Presyncope Due to Osteophyte Compression Into Transverse Foramen of the C5 Vertebra
Beauty parlor stroke syndrome is characterized by the development of various neurological symptoms during cervical hyperextension, followed by inadequate blood flow through the posterior circulation of the brain. However, there are few reports of beauty parlor stroke syndrome wherein the cause of the posterior circulatory inadequacy has been directly identified. Here we report a case where we could directly detect the origin of the posterior circulatory inadequacy. A 76-year-old Japanese man with hypertension presented with presyncope following cervical retroflexion.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 19, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Yuya Kano, Kentaro Yamada, Masahiro Muto, Masahiro Oomura, Noriyuki Matsukawa Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Cerebrovascular disease integration of chronic kidney disease and hypertension
Hanna et  al. rightfully detail the complexity of neural-renal interactions on the genesis and progression of cerebrovascular disease.1 Part of the dilemma with having the scientific and medical communities more fully grasp this interplay is the praeexistens confusion in approaching the definition of cerebr ovascular disease.2 Further to the latter is the general lost art of cerebrovascular disease classification that was duly intended to purposely bridge the gap between the basic and clinical sciences.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - December 4, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Nevio Cimolai Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Reducing the Risk of Stroke in Patients with Impaired Renal Function: Nutritional Issues
Patients with renal failure have extremely high cardiovascular risk; in dialysis patients the risk of stroke is increased approximately 10-fold over that in the general population. Reasons include not only a high prevalence of traditional risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia, but also the accumulation of toxic substances that are eliminated by the kidneys, so have very high levels in patients with renal failure. These include plasma total homocysteine, asymmetric dimethylarginine, thiocyanate, and toxic products of the intestinal microbiome (Gut-Derived Uremic Toxins; GDUT), which include trimethyla...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 17, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: J. David Spence Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Stroke Awareness among Elderly Hypertensives in a Rural Area of Bangalore District, India
India faces a high and growing burden of hypertension, which is an important cerebrovascular risk factor, especially in elderly persons. Poor awareness contributes to delays in seeking health care, which is undesirable given the emergent nature of stroke. Literature regarding awareness in this subgroup of the population is scarce. Our objective was to assess awareness regarding cerebrovascular disease among elderly persons with hypertension residing in a rural area of Bangalore district, and estimate their individual risk of stroke.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Vivek Bhat, Thanmayi GS, Arvind Kasthuri Source Type: research

Renal-Cerebral Pathophysiology: The Interplay Between Chronic Kidney Disease and Cerebrovascular Disease
Cerebrovascular disease has increasingly been linked to overall vascular health. Pathologic conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and kidney disease have been shown to affect brain health and cerebrovascular and nervous systems. Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) represent a variety of vascular insults that can adversely affect cerebral health. Hypertension, fluctuations in blood pressure, and diabetic vasculopathy are known risk factors for cerebrovascular disease associated with CKD.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 13, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Ramy M Hanna, Antoney Ferrey, Connie M Rhee, Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh Source Type: research

Coffee Consumption and Stroke Risk: Evidence from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of more than 2.4 Million Men and Women
Stroke remains the leading cause of disability and mortality globally. Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016, it was estimated that there were 13.7 million new stroke cases, 5.5 million deaths, 80.1 million prevalent cases, and 116.4 million disability-adjusted life-years.1 About 75% of stroke cases are ischemic, whereas the remaining cases are hemorrhagic.2 Stroke incidence increases with age. Well-known risk factors for stroke include personal history of hypertension, diabetes and cardiac diseases, unhealthy behavioral factors (heavy cigarette consumption, less physical inactivity, poor diet), and serious environmental risks.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - November 11, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Chuan Shao, Hui Tang, Xiaoya Wang, Jiaquan He Source Type: research

Modifiable Factors Associated with Non-Adherence to Secondary Ischaemic Stroke Prevention Strategies
Eighty percent of stroke is due to five modifiable factors: hypertension, smoking, abdominal obesity, unhealthy diet, and lack of exercise.1 Risk factors for first-time and recurrent ischaemic stroke are similar.2 The absolute risk of a recurrent ischaemic stroke following an initial ischaemic stroke is 29.7% by five years.3 Recurrent strokes are associated with greater disability and mortality than first-time strokes.4 Secondary prevention strategies are key in reducing recurrent ischaemic events.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 27, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: G Shankari, Szu Chyi Ng, Si Ying Goh, Fung Peng Woon, Kinjal Doshi, Pei Shieen Wong, Qianqian Fan, Il Fan Tan, Kaavya Narasimhalu, Deidre Anne De Silva Source Type: research

Apparent Treatment Resistant Hypertension Among Stroke Survivors in Ghana
There are limited data evaluating the characteristics of apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aTRH) among stroke survivors in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of the frequency and factors associated with aTRH among stroke survivors and stroke-free individuals with hypertension in Ghana.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 21, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Fred Stephen Sarfo, Bruce Ovbiagele Source Type: research

Cerebrovacular Reserve Predicts the Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome After Carotid Endarterectomy
Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome is a rare but potentially severe complication of carotid artery revascularisation that develops under conditions of resistant postoperative hypertension and impaired cerebrovascular autoregulation.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 22, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Vladimir Manojlovic, Nebojsa Budakov, Slavko Budinski, Djordje Milosevic, Dragan Nikolic, Vladimir Manojlovic Source Type: research

Spontaneous Neuronal Plasticity in the Contralateral Motor Cortex and Corticospinal Tract after Focal Cortical Infarction in Hypertensive Rats
In this study, we investigated the spontaneous neural plasticity on the contralateral side in hypertensive rats, including the expression of nerve growth factors (synaptophysin [SYN] and growth-associated protein 43 [GAP-43]), and the association between nerve fiber sprouting and redistribution, and the recovery of motor functions following sensorimotor cortical infarction. Methods: Initially, Sprague-Dawley rats were induced with renal hypertension by the bilateral renal arteries clips method.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Xiaoqin Huang, Xiaoting Wang, Mengqi Yang, Xueying Pan, Meiyi Duan, Xianlong Wen, Hui Cai, Guimiao Jiang, Li Chen Source Type: research

Triggering factors in non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), caused by a rupture of a brain artery into brain parenchyma, is the second most common form of stroke after ischemic stroke.1 Approximately 40% of the patients die within one month, and many remain with major disabilities.2 There is no effective medical or surgical treatment option, and those in clinical use are mainly supportive in nature, even though management in dedicated stroke units will likely reduce mortality and morbidity.3 Several chronic risk factors such as hypertension, older age, and high alcohol consumption have been shown to associate with ICH.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - July 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Hanne Sallinen, Jukka Putaala, Daniel Strbian Source Type: research

Risk factors and pathogenic microorganism characteristics for pneumonia in convalescent patients with stroke: A retrospective study of 380 patients from a rehabilitation hospital
Stroke significantly impacts public health and ranks among the leading causes of death and disabilities, resulting in enormous costs measured in both health care resources and lost productivity. It results primarily from embolus or thrombosis for ischemic stroke and hypertension for hemorrhagic stroke, respectively [1]. In 2016, there were 5.5 million deaths and 116.4 million disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) owed to stroke [2]. As reported, the impact of stroke on the Chinese population is more severe compared to average global levels, and the prevalence of stroke continues to surpass that of ischemic heart disease [3 –4].
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 13, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Jia Xu, Zhiling Yang Source Type: research

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