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Effects of monoaminergic drugs on training-induced motor cortex plasticity in older adults.
Abstract Primary motor cortex (M1) plasticity is involved in motor learning and stroke motor recovery, and enhanced by increasing monoaminergic transmission. Age impacts these processes but there is a paucity of systematic studies on the effects of monoaminergic drugs in older adults. Here, in ten older adults (age 61+ 4 years, 4 males), we determine the effects of a single oral dose of carbidopa/levodopa (DOPA), d-amphetamine (AMPH), methylphenidate (MEPH) and placebo (PLAC) on M1 excitability and motor training-induced M1 plasticity. M1 plasticity is defined as training related long lasting changes in M1 excitab...
Source: Brain Research - June 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Kesar TM, Belagaje SR, Pergami P, Haut MW, Hobbs G, Buetefisch CM Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Aberrant CaMKII activity in the medial prefrontal cortex is associated with cognitive dysfunction in ADHD model rats.
Abstract Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous neurobehavioral disorder accompanied by cognitive and learning deficits, which is prevalent among boys. Juvenile male stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) exhibit ADHD-like behaviors including cognitive deficits and represent one animal model of ADHD. Here, we define a mechanism underlying cognitive dysfunction observed in SHRSP. Acute methylphenidate (MPH: 1mg/kg, p.o.) administration to SHRSP significantly improved not only inattention in a Y-maze task but also cognitive dysfunction in a novel object recognition test. Int...
Source: Brain Research - February 19, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Yabuki Y, Shioda N, Maeda T, Hiraide S, Togashi H, Fukunaga K Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research